RU218615U1 - Freezer drum type - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technique of freezing fish and meat quasi-liquid systems and can be used in the production of frozen semi-finished products. The technical result is a decrease in the strength of the adhesive connection between the frozen food product and the working surface of the drum due to thermal action directed to the place of their contact. It is achieved by the fact that the well-known apparatus for cryoconcentration and freezing of pasty media, containing a dispenser that ensures the application of a thin layer of the frozen product on the surface of a rotating drum, is equipped with a heat generating device in the form of a string stretched perpendicular to the direction of movement of the frozen layer directly in front of the hopper for collecting the frozen product and having a temperature above 20°C, providing effective removal of the frozen product layer from the drum. Thus, when replacing the known knife device with a heat-generating device, the frozen product is removed from the surface of the drum at the moment when its lower layer comes into contact with a cutting wire heated to 20 ° C due to the passage of an electric current in it, stretched perpendicular to its movement.

Description

The utility model relates to the food industry, in particular to the technique of contact freezing of fish and meat quasi-liquid systems, and can be used in the production of frozen semi-finished products.

Freezers of drum type are intended for freezing of small piece bulky products, damp products of irregular shape and liquid products. The freezing element of these devices is a rotating cylindrical drum, into the space between the walls of which a refrigerant or coolant is supplied by means of a hollow shaft with a special stuffing box seal.

Known, for example, a drum-type freezer for hardening ice cream [Copyright No. 74865 A1 USSR, IPC A23G 9/16: No. 778: Appl. 03/22/1947: publ. 01/01/1949 / I. D. Migdal], which consists of the following main parts: a hollow metal drum; receiving tray; vibrator; regulating knife; removable knife; receiving box; screw and mouthpiece device for molding. The proposed apparatus for hardening ice cream differs from the known ones in that the mouthpiece through which the hardened ice cream is pressed is made with an adjustable transverse slot, through which liquid mixture additives enter the inner cavity of the mouthpiece to impart solidity to the packaged portion of ice cream.

It is known, for example, a drum-type freezer for producing ice [Patent No. 2518645 C2 of the Russian Federation, IPC F25C 1/14, F25C 5/12: No. 2012135125/13: Appl. 08/16/2012: publ. 06/10/2014 / M.I. Voronin, B.S. Babakin, V.V. Belyanin; applicant Open Joint Stock Company "GRAN"], containing on a cylindrical surface (drum) spiral-shaped continuous cutting edges, consisting of knives discretely located along them of various shapes, while the width of the base of each knife, the distance between them and between the cutting edges are equal, and the knives themselves located on the spirals of the cutting edges in such a way that each knife of the cutting edge is located opposite the gap between the knives of the next and previous edges. The known device for producing ice can be used in all types of ice makers used in the food industry. The production of ice in drum-type ice generators consists of two stages: freezing water on its ice-forming surface and chipping off the resulting ice using scrapers or cylindrical (finger-type) cutters.

The main disadvantage of these drum-type freezers is the rather complicated design of devices for loading and unloading products and the laboriousness of these operations, as well as the need to use a high-strength scraper tool that works to remove the frozen product from the surface of the drum to prevent chips and other non-food particles from entering the food product.

It should be noted that the existing technological equipment for low-temperature processing of liquid and pasty media is diverse, but special attention is paid to devices that have the widest possible processing of the product. The closest technical solution is a drum-type freezer for freezing pasty and liquid food products [Apparatus for cryoconcentration and freezing of pasty media / V.Yu. Ovsyannikov, Ya.I. Kondratieva, N.I. Bostynets, A.N. Money // Food security: scientific, personnel and information support, Voronezh, November 13-14, 2014 / Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies. Volume 2. - Voronezh: Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 2014. - S. 147-152.], including a dispenser that ensures the application of a thin layer of the product to be frozen on the surface of the rotating drum of the freezer, into the internal cavity of which a refrigerant is supplied, boiling at low temperature and taking away heat from the frozen product. The lower part of the dispenser is equipped with a knife device that cuts off a layer of frozen product or frozen ice and pours it into a receiving hopper.

The disadvantages of this apparatus include a sharp increase in the load on the drum drive and energy consumption when removing a frozen product that has high adhesion to the surface of the drum.

The technical task is to create a device for obtaining a layer of a frozen food product of a given thickness and reducing energy consumption for its production by reducing the adhesion between it and the surface of the drum.

The technical result is a decrease in the strength of the adhesive connection between the frozen food product and the working surface of the drum due to thermal action directed to the place of their contact.

It is achieved by the fact that the well-known apparatus for cryoconcentration and freezing of paste-like media, containing a dispenser that ensures the application of a thin layer of the frozen product on the surface of a rotating drum, is equipped with a heat generating device made in the form of a string stretched perpendicular to the direction of movement of the frozen layer directly in front of the hopper for collecting the frozen product and having a temperature above 20°C, ensuring effective removal of the frozen product layer from the drum. Thus, when replacing the known knife device with a heat-generating device, the frozen product is removed from the surface of the drum at the moment when its lower layer comes into contact with a cutting wire heated to 20 ° C due to the passage of an electric current in it, stretched perpendicular to its movement.

The drawings schematically show the proposed device (Fig. 1, 2).

It has 1 dispenser; freezer 2; auger 3, through which the initial product is dosed; freezing drum 4: driving device 5 by which the freezing drum is driven; coolant supply device 6; a heated string for removing a frozen product 7; electric current source 8; hatch for dumping frozen product 9; the main container for collecting the frozen product 10; inspection hatch 11,

The device works as follows.

The frozen quasi-liquid food product, passing through the dispenser 1, into the freezer 2 due to the rotation of the screw 3 at a given speed is applied in a thin layer on the freezing rotating drum 4, driven by the drive device 5, the surface of which has a temperature of -18°C. The temperature regime on the surface of drum 4 (-18°C) is achieved due to the presence in the freezer structure of a cavity between the outer and inner walls of the drum, in which the refrigerant circulates, supplied to this space by means of a device for supplying coolant 6. When the surface of drum 4 comes into contact with With a quasi-liquid food product, its lower layer rapidly freezes due to the creation of strong adhesion between them, as a result of which the product, freezing, mixes with it. When the drum rotation angle reaches 160°, the frozen food product must have a volume-average temperature below the cryoscopic temperature by at least 5°C, and the contact surface, to facilitate the removal of the product from drum 4, must exceed the cryoscopic threshold temperature by at least 0.5 ° C, so it must be increased in one way or another. Thus, the frozen product is removed from the surface of the drum at the moment when its lower layer comes into contact with the cutting string 7, heated up to 20°C, stretched perpendicular to its movement, due to the passage of an electric current in it coming from its source 8. Further, the frozen product under the action of gravitational force, partially destructuring, enters the intermediate container for its collection and, through the hatch 9, moves to the main container 10, after which it is sent for further storage. The speed of rotation of the drum 4 is calculated based on the duration of the refrigeration treatment and the distance traveled. If the diameter of the drum is assumed to be 1 m, which is reasonable considering the freezing time and providing the necessary length of the drum surface when linked to an acceptable number of revolutions, then the distance traveled during a freezing time of, for example, 600 seconds, will be 1.4 meters. In this case, the drum speed will be 0.045 rpm. The freezer is equipped with an inspection hatch 11. thanks to which, if necessary, a visual control of the ongoing process can be carried out.

The positive effect of the proposed device is achieved by changing the method of removing the frozen product from the drum, which consists in using a heat generating device, namely, a string heated to 20 ° C that cuts the frozen product, due to the passage of an electric current in it, stretched perpendicular to its movement instead of a knife devices that do not provide effective cutting of the frozen product layer and pouring it into the receiving hopper.

This device allows you to reduce the cost of frozen products by reducing energy consumption for its production by increasing the efficiency of its removal from the working surface of the freezing drum.

Sources of information taken into account:

1. Copyright certificate No. 74865 A1 USSR, IPC A23G 9/16: No. 778: Appl. 03/22/1947: publ. 01/01/1949 / I. D. Migdal.).

2. Patent No. 2518645 C2 of the Russian Federation, IPC F25C 1/14, F25C 5/12: No. 2012135125/13: Appl. 08/16/2012: publ. 06/10/2014 / M.I. Voronin, B.S. Babakin, V.V. Belyanin; applicant Open Joint Stock Company "GRAN"

3. Apparatus for cryoconcentration and freezing of pasty media / V.Yu. Ovsyannikov, Ya.I. Kondratieva, N.I. Bostynets, A.N. Money // Food security: scientific, personnel and information support, Voronezh, November 13-14, 2014 / Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies. Volume 2. - Voronezh: Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 2014. - P. 147-152, (prototype).

Claims (1)

A drum-type freezer containing a dispenser that provides a thin layer of a frozen product on the surface of a rotating drum, a hopper for collecting a frozen product, characterized in that the apparatus is equipped with a heat generating device in the form of a string stretched perpendicular to the direction of movement of the frozen layer directly in front of the hopper for collecting a frozen product and having a temperature above 20°C, providing a decrease in the strength of the adhesive connection between the frozen food product and the working surface of the drum due to thermal action directed to the place of their contact, thereby achieving better energy efficiency of the process of removing frozen products from the working surface of the freezing drum.

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