RU2184384C1 - Method and device for generating and receiving gravitation waves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: geophysical engineering. SUBSTANCE: method involves forming longitudinal gravitation waves in vacuum as alternating zones of compression and rarefaction of elastic medium. The elastic medium compression and rarefaction zones are created according to harmonic law as sinusoid or cosinusoid variation of longitudinal vacuum field deformation vector in the direction of gravitation wave propagation due to periodic vacuum density redistribution inside of the working medium by acting upon the working medium with a system of heterogeneous electric and crossing-over magnetic fields. Gravitation wave radiation is amplified due to a system of rotating heterogeneous electric and magnetic crossing-over fields acting upon the working medium and/or as a result of working medium rotation. Communication channel is built from identical gravitation wave source and receiver by additionally specifying modulated carrying oscillation frequency in the system of heterogeneous electric and magnetic crossing-over fields acting upon the working medium of the gravitation wave source with following transformation of gravitation wave into an electromagnetic signal selected in the gravitation wave receiver by filtering variable component of the signal at gravitation wave resonance frequency and detecting the modulated signal. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness in generating and receiving longitudinal gravitation waves; creating new communication channels; enabled noninvasive metal fatigue control. 4 cl, 28 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of generation and reception of gravitational waves and is intended: to create new information channels for cellular communication, radio, television and Internet networks, including communication channels passing through conductive media such as metal screens, water and earth; for use in various industries and vehicles for the purpose of non-destructive testing of metals, composites and materials in flaw detection; to control the fatigue of metals and composites in critical conditions before failure; in metallurgy to control and monitor the processes of melting and solidification of metal; in exploration for the search for minerals; in meteorology for predicting earthquakes and other natural phenomena; in astrophysics to register gravitational waves from cosmological objects and communication with extraterrestrial civilizations; in medicine and biology to diagnose the state of biological systems and for medicinal purposes, as well as in other industries.

 A known method of generating gravitational waves in a vacuum, proposed by Einstein in the framework of the general theory of relativity (GR), including the creation of transverse oscillations of the gravitational field by analogy with electromagnetic waves (see Einstein A. On gravitational waves. Collection of scientific papers. Volume 1. - M. : Nauka, 1965, p.631-646) [1]. Rotating rods, accelerated masses and anomalous cosmological objects (binary and rotating stars, supernova explosions, gravitational collapse) are considered as a source of transverse gravitational waves (see Amaldi, Pitzella G. Search for gravitational waves. In the book: "Astrophysics, quanta and theory Relativity ". - M .: Mir, 1982, p. 259, 241-396) [2].

 Two methods and two types of detectors are known for recording transverse gravitational waves. The first is aperiodic detectors, consisting of two free masses, the distance between which is continuously measured using light or radio signals. The second is detectors based on an elastic body that resonates at natural frequencies if the incident gravitational wave contains Fourier components of these frequencies with a sufficient amplitude. As the most typical resonant detector, a gravitational antenna is known, which is a massive cylinder of aluminum alloy with a length of 150 cm and a diameter of 19 cm, the resonant vibrations of which are detected using a piezoelectric sensor (see Amaldi, Pitzella G. Search for gravitational waves. In the book: "Astrophysics , quanta and the theory of relativity ". - M.: Mir, 1982, p. 270, 280, Fig. 4.2) [2].

 However, until now transverse gravity waves predicted by Einstein in the framework of general relativity have not been experimentally detected (see Grischuk L.P., Lipunov V.N., Postnov K.A. et al. Gravitational-wave astronomy: in anticipation of the first recorded source. - Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk, 2001, 1, p.3-59) [3]. For this reason, the method of recording transverse gravitational waves as not experimentally confirmed cannot be considered as a prototype.

 There is a known method of generating gravitational waves, discovered by Professor Weinik, which includes exposure to a sample of material strain loads and radiation of gravitational waves at the time of external force impact on the sample or termination of the external load. Radiation also emits at the moment of a phase transition of a material sample from one state to another, for example, during melting or hardening of metallurgical castings, and in a number of other cases. Gravitational radiation was detected by a change in the resonant frequency of oscillations of a quartz plate from an electronic quartz watch. The quartz plate was completely shielded from electromagnetic radiation by a metal case. Since gravitational radiation was detected by a change in the course of time of a quartz watch, Professor Weinik called it as chronic radiation. For example, a change in the oscillation frequency of a quartz plate when exposed to radiation emanating from a sample in the form of a ceramic tube was about 200 Hz at a resonant frequency of quartz of 10 MHz. The radiation was recorded only at the moment of force acting on the ceramic tube and at the time of removal of force. This was achieved by installing and removing the load from the ceramic tube (see A. Veinik. Thermodynamics of real processes. - Minsk: Nauka i Tekhnika, 1991, p. 387-391, Fig. 15 and 16) [4] and (see Veinik AI, Komlik SF Comprehensive determination of the chronophysical properties of materials. - Minsk: Science and Technology, 1992, pp. 24-31, Fig. 1.5 and 1.6) [5].

 The disadvantage of this method of generating gravitational waves is the non-periodic and uncontrolled (spontaneous) nature of the detected radiation, which does not allow to obtain a continuous harmonic signal of gravitational radiation, which is necessary for practical use. In addition, the known method is not a technical solution that meets the characteristics of the invention, but describes only an open natural effect. For this reason, this effect also cannot be considered as a prototype.

The closest in technical essence is the method of generating gravitational waves, due to the longitudinal deformation of a quantized elastic medium in the form of zones of its compression and discharge. This method is based on the theory of elastic quantized medium (UKS), which considers physical vacuum as an elastic quantized medium in the form of a specific vacuum field. In the theory of UKS, vacuum is a static electromagnetic field (vacuum field) with a resolution of about 10 ^-25 m, due to electromagnetic quantization of space. As an elementary quantum of space, we consider a massless electrically and magnetically neutral particle quanton in the form of an electromagnetic quadrupole (see Leonov BC Theory of Quantized Elastic Medium. Part 2. New energy sources. - Minsk: Polybig, 1997, p. 116) [6].

 The disadvantage of this method of generating gravitational waves is its incompleteness and lack of practical implementation in a particular device. Moreover, only the conceptually determined essence of the generation of longitudinal gravitational waves in the form of a statement of the problem, which also does not have the features of the invention and cannot be considered as a prototype.

 Thus, the search conducted by the applicant shows that to date in the scientific and patent literature there is completely no information defining the prototype of both the method of generating and receiving gravitational waves, and the device for its implementation. For this reason, the present invention can be considered as a pioneer.

 The objective of the invention is to solve a fundamental scientific problem in the form of a technical solution to the method of generating and receiving longitudinal gravitational waves in a continuous harmonic radiation mode and implementing the method in a specific device capable of organizing a communication channel on longitudinal gravitational waves, providing radiation and reception of gravitational waves.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the formation of longitudinal gravitational waves in a vacuum is carried out in the form of moving zones of its compression and rarefaction of the elastic medium, and the compression and rarefaction zones of the elastic medium are created according to a harmonic law in the form of a sinusoidal or cosine change in the longitudinal deformation vector of the vacuum field in the propagation direction gravitational wave due to the periodic redistribution of the density of the vacuum inside the working fluid by acting on the working fluid with a system of non-uniform native electric and magnetic crossing fields, the intensity gradient of which is also set in the direction of the gravitational wave, while the radiation of the gravitational wave is amplified due to the action on the working fluid of a system of rotating inhomogeneous electric and magnetic crossing fields and / or as a result of rotation of the working fluid, in addition, the communication channel from the identical source and receiver of gravitational waves by additionally setting the modulated carrier frequency of the oscillations in the system is heterogeneous x electric and magnetic crossing fields acting on the working medium of the source of gravitational waves, and the subsequent conversion of the gravitational wave into an electromagnetic signal, emitted in the receiver of gravitational waves by filtering the variable component of the signal at the resonant frequency of the gravitational wave and detecting the modulated signal.

According to the first embodiment, the device for generating and receiving gravitational waves contains a spatially separated transmitter and receiver of gravitational waves forming a communication channel, the transmitter and receiver having identical antennas: one of them is transmitting and the other is receiving, while the transmitter has two chokes, a high-frequency transformer, two isolation capacitors, a direct current source, a high voltage source, a master oscillator and a modulator, the receiver also has two chokes, a high-frequency transformer, an a DC current source, a high voltage source, two isolation capacitors, in addition, the receiver is equipped with a variable capacitor that is connected to the secondary winding of a high-frequency transformer and forms an oscillating circuit, the receiving and transmitting antennas consist of a housing, a working fluid with a rotor and a shaft mounted on bearings , an electric motor with its own rotor and stator and a magnetic system with windings, as well as bipolar electrodes, the antenna rotor is made of a ferromagnetic dielectric material Ala in the form of a body of revolution in the form of a truncated cone, the base of which is coaxially aligned with the rotor of the electric motor, the magnetic system and bipolar electrodes are installed with a gap relative to the working fluid, and bipolar electrodes are installed in the antenna casing on insulators made of dielectric, and the poles of the magnetic system are mounted relative to bipolar electrodes 90 ^o so that the vectors of the magnetic and electric fields formed skew fields system, a master oscillator and a modulator lane sensor electrically connected with the magnetic system and the bipolar electrodes which are connected via chokes to a source of DC chokes through receiver also connected to a source of direct current.

 According to the second embodiment, the device for generating and receiving gravitational waves contains a spatially separated transmitter and receiver of gravitational waves forming a communication channel, the transmitter and receiver having gravitational antennas: one of them is transmitting and the other is receiving, while the transmitter has two chokes, a high-frequency transformer, isolation capacitor, direct current source, master oscillator and modulator, the receiver also has two chokes, two oscillatory circuits with inductance and variable condenser orom, two diode detectors, two electronic signal amplifiers, a direct current source, while each of the gravitational antennas is equipped with a working fluid of dielectric and ferromagnetic material, a magnetic system and a system of bipolar electrodes, and the working fluid of the transmitter activator is made in the form of a ring-shaped rotation body with a trapezoidal cross section, the apex of which is turned inward to the ring, the field windings and magnetization coils of the magnetic circuit are evenly laid on the ring surface, inside the working fluid a potential electrode or electrode system is installed in the ring, a gyromotor for the rotational drive of the ring is located inside the ring, and the gravity antenna of the receiver is made in the form of a working medium of dielectric and ferromagnetic material in the form of a quadrangular pyramid, while a magnetic system and an external opposite-polarity system are installed on the side of the pyramid top electrodes covering the opposite sides of the pyramid so that the magnetic and electric field strength vectors remain about tonal to each other, while inside the pyramid’s working body additional electrodes are installed, connected to external electrodes with alternating polarity between them, and the magnetic system is equipped with magnetizing windings of the magnetic circuit and an output winding that performs the function of inductance in one oscillatory circuit, and the second oscillatory circuit is included in the circuit power supply of bipolar electrodes, in addition, the transmitter of gravitational waves is equipped with a high-frequency master oscillator and a signal modulator, electrically with Connected to a magnetic system and a system of bipolar electrodes.

 In FIG. Figure 1 shows the spontaneous experimental dependence of the change in the frequency Δf of a quartz plate under the influence of longitudinal gravitational radiation as a result of a change in deformation stresses in a sample (ceramic tube) (according to Veinik).

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the gravitational diagram of the distribution of the quantum density of the medium and the gravitational potential in the external (ρ ₁ , C ² ) and internal (ρ ₂ , C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{2}}$ ) areas of spherically deformed (curved) vacuum space as a result of gravitational perturbation of the vacuum field by a particle (body).

 Figure 3 presents the gravitational diagram of a black hole.

 Figure 4 presents the gravitational diagram of the antiparticle (antibodies) in the form of a diagram of the distribution of the quantum density of the medium and the gravitational potential.

 In FIG. 5 shows the structure of the electric (magnetic) monopole (1 - the core of the charge; 2 - atmosphere).

 Figure 6 shows the formation of a quantum of space (quanton) of four monopole charges with a tetrahedral model of the arrangement of nuclei (top view).

 In FIG. 7 shows the formation of a spherical form of a quanton as a result of electromagnetic compression of monopoles in a quadrupole.

 On Fig presents a simplified diagram of the interaction of the four quantons, presented in the lines of force in the local region of the vacuum field.

 Figure 9 shows the variable polarization of the quanton during the passage of an electromagnetic wave in a vacuum field.

 In FIG. 10 shows an electromagnetic wave with transverse polarization of a vacuum field.

 11 shows the induction of a spherical magnetic field of an electron by its radial electric field.

 On Fig presents the structure of the electron in a vacuum field.

 In FIG. 13 shows a diagram of force retraction of a quanton in the region of maximum intensity of an inhomogeneous magnetic field.

 In FIG. 14 is a diagram of the force retraction of a quanton into the region of maximum intensity of an inhomogeneous electric field.

 In FIG. Figure 15 shows the effect of an inhomogeneous magnetic field on the working medium of a vacuum field activator (in a section).

 On Fig shows the effect of a non-uniform field of a system of bipolar electrodes on the working fluid of the activator of the vacuum field (in the context).

 In FIG. Figure 17 shows the combined effect of inhomogeneous fields of the magnetic system and a system of bipolar electrodes on the working medium of the activator of the vacuum field (section A-A).

 In FIG. 18 is a diagram of a communication channel from a transmitter and a receiver of gravitational waves.

 On Fig shows the propagation of gravitational waves as waves of longitudinal deformation of the vacuum field.

 In FIG. 20 shows a vacuum field activator in a section through a magnetic system.

 On Fig presents the activator of the vacuum field in the context aa through a system of bipolar electrodes.

 In FIG. Figure 22 shows the activator of the vacuum field in the context of BB in the magnetic system and the system of bipolar electrodes.

 In FIG. 23 shows an activator of a vacuum field in a section in the form of a ring.

 In FIG. 24 shows a vacuum field activator in section AA in the form of a ring.

 In FIG. 25 shows an activator of a vacuum field in a section in the form of a quadrangular pyramid.

 In FIG. 26 shows a vacuum field activator in section AA in the form of a quadrangular pyramid.

 In FIG. 27 shows the activator of the vacuum field in the context of BB in the form of a quadrangular pyramid.

 In FIG. 28 is a circuit diagram of a communication channel from a transmitter and receiver of gravitational waves.

 The proposed method of generating and receiving gravitational waves required the creation of a fundamentally new theory of UKS, combining gravity with electromagnetism, since from known theoretical positions formulated by Einstein in general theory of relativity (GR), it was not possible to combine gravity with electromagnetism, and the transverse gravitational waves predicted in GR by analogy with electromagnetic experimentally not detected ..

 On the other hand, the effect of the excitation of longitudinal gravitational waves, discovered experimentally by Weinik, was interpreted by him as the generation of certain hypothetical chronic fields in the form of a stream of chronon particles, which misled the scientific community, and for many years the fundamental discovery of longitudinal gravitational waves remained incomprehensible.

 Therefore, it was necessary to analyze not only the experiments of Weinik, but also the whole theory of gravity in interaction with electromagnetism, and thus justify an effective way to generate longitudinal gravitational waves, relying on the basic principles of the theory of gravity and wave processes in a vacuum field in the framework of the theory of elastic quantized medium (UKS) (see Leonov BC Four reports on the theory of elastic quantized medium (UKS). Materials of the 6th conference of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Modern problems of natural sciences." - St. Petersburg, 2000, pp. 3-65) [7].

 Figure 1 shows the experimental dependence of the spontaneous change in the frequency of the quartz plate when exposed to radiation at the time of removal of the deformation stress from a pre-loaded ceramic tube. The frequency change was about 200 Hz at a resonant quartz frequency of 10 MHz. Full screening of the quartz plate with a metal casing made it possible to judge the non-electromagnetic nature of the detected radiation [4, 5].

 The fact that Weinik was the first to experimentally discover longitudinal gravitational waves in terrestrial conditions follows from an analysis of the state of the theory of gravitation as a theory of curved space-time, the sources of which were Lorentz, Poincare, Einstein, Minkowski, as well as from Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic field in vacuum and finally, from the union of gravity with electromagnetism in the theory of UKS.

The unity of time and space was most clearly explained by mathematicians Poincare and Minkowski at the beginning of the 20th century, who formally combined the Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) of space and time t through their increments into a single mathematical expression of a quadratic form, called the four-dimensional interval ds (see Minkovsky G. Space and time. In the book: The principle of relativity. - M .: Atomizdat, 1973, p.167-180) [8] and (see Poincare A. On the dynamics of the electron. In the book: The principle of relativity. - M .: Atomizdat, 1973, p. 133-134) [9]
ds ² = c ² dt ² - (dx ² + dy ² + dz ² ), (1)
where с≈3 • 10 ⁸ m / s is the speed of light in vacuum.

Но выражения (1) и (2) не учитывают влияние на ход времени самой массы движущегося тела, являющегося причиной искривления пространства-времени, не говоря о движении массы в искривленном пространстве-времени другой массой. Для объединения в искривленном пространстве-времени источника гравитации (массы тела) и скорости Эйнштейн вводит понятие энергии-импульса. Это позволяет установить зависимость действия S(R) от кривизны R пространства-времени (R - инвариант тензора Риччи, g_i = определитель) (см. Сахаров А.Д. Вакуумные квантовые флуктуации в искривленном пространстве и теория гравитации. Доклады Академии наук СССР, 1967, том 177, 1, с.70-71) [10]

где G = 6,67•10^-11 Нм²/кг² - гравитационная постоянная.Expression (1) is nothing but a recording form of the Lorentz transforms [9], from which it follows that the course of time t in space depends on the velocity v of the motion of a body (particle) in it with respect to the initial time t _o taking into account the relativistic factor γ

But expressions (1) and (2) do not take into account the influence on the course of time of the mass itself of a moving body, which causes the curvature of space-time, not to mention the movement of mass in curved space-time by another mass. To combine the source of gravity (body mass) and speed in curved space-time, Einstein introduces the concept of energy-momentum. This allows us to establish the dependence of the action of S (R) on the curvature R of space-time (R is the invariant of the Ricci tensor, g _i = determinant) (see Sakharov AD, Vacuum quantum fluctuations in curved space and the theory of gravity. Reports of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1967, Volume 177, 1, pp. 70-71) [10]

where G = 6.67 • 10 ^-11 Nm ² / kg ² is the gravitational constant.

где ρ_m - плотность вещества возмущающей массы, кг/м³.Academician A. Sakharov criticized this approach to gravity by A. Einstein, arguing that “the presence of action (3) leads to the metric elasticity of space, that is, to the appearance of a generalizing force that prevents the curvature of space” [10]. But this is not directly reflected in (3). The classical approach to gravity is subject to similar criticism, which is statically described by the Poisson gravitational equation. In the known solutions of the Poisson equation for the gravitational potential φ, in statics there is also no component preventing the curvature of space (see Novikov ID Gravity. Physical Encyclopedic Dictionary. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1984, p. 772) [11]

where ρ _m is the density of the substance of the disturbing mass, kg / m ³ .

If the density of matter ρ _{m is} concentrated in a limited volume, then outside this volume, provided ρ _m = 0, the Poisson equation transforms into the Laplace equation.

 The absence in solutions of expressions (3) and (4) of the second component that impedes the curvature of space should lead to instability of space-time, that is, to its collapse. But this is not observed experimentally. Space-time is a very stable substance. This is only possible if the force that impedes the curvature of the space pointed out by Sakharov exists really. But the presence of such a force can only be associated with the presence of elastic properties in space, determined by its real structure, taking into account which allows introducing a second component into the solution that prevents the curvature of space.

 To understand the nature of gravitational waves, it is necessary to establish the structure of space as an elastic vacuum field. In [6, 7], a technique is proposed for electromagnetic quantization of space in the framework of a fixed Lorentzian absolutely elastic structure. Physical vacuum is considered as a continuous medium (vacuum field) with ideal (without friction and plasticity) elasticity (see also Dmitriev VP Elastic model of physical vacuum. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Solid mechanics, 1992, 6, pp. 66-79 ) [12].

где 1/k_o = 3,3•10⁴⁹ частиц/кгм² - постоянная невозмущенного деформацией упругого вакуума; C₀ ²=8,99•10¹⁶ м²/с² - гравитационный потенциал невозмущенного упругого вакуума; С² - гравитационный потенциал возмущенного гравитацией упругого вакуума, м²/с²; ρ₀= 3,55•10⁷⁵ частиц/м³- квантовая плотность невозмущенного упругого вакуума [7].The solution of stationary deformation problems in the theory of elasticity and continuum mechanics is determined by the classical Poisson equation (4) and in this case we consider the situation of replacing the gravitational potential φ with the quantum density of an elastic continuous medium ρ (particles / m ³ ), which characterizes the number of particles (space quanta) per unit volume of the elastic medium
ρ _m = k ₀ div grad (ρ) (6)

where 1 / k _o = 3.3 • 10 ⁴⁹ particles / kgm ² - constant of unperturbed deformation of the elastic vacuum; C ₀ ² = 8.99 • 10 ¹⁶ m ² / s ² - gravitational potential of unperturbed elastic vacuum; С ² - gravitational potential of elastic vacuum perturbed by gravity, m ² / s ² ; ρ ₀ = 3.55 • 10 ⁷⁵ particles / m ³ is the quantum density of the unperturbed elastic vacuum [7].

где r - расстояние от центра источника гравитации (r>R_s), м; R_s - радиус источника гравитации (гравитационная граница раздела в среде), м; R_g - гравитационный радиус источника гравитации (без множителя 2), м

Для элементарных частиц и неколлапсирующих объектов гравитационный радиус является чисто расчетным параметром.Quantums of space form a vacuum field. Expression (6) characterizes the state of an elastic vacuum field deformed by a perturbing gravitational mass m, and its solution allows one to find the distribution of the quantum density of the vacuum medium both for the outer region ρ _{1 of the} deformed space and for the inner ρ ₂ . For the case of spherical vacuum deformation, as a result of integration (6), we obtain the exact solution in the form of a system of two equations in statics

where r is the distance from the center of the source of gravity (r> R _s ), m; R _s is the radius of the source of gravity (gravitational interface in the medium), m; R _g - gravitational radius of the source of gravity (without a factor of 2), m

For elementary particles and non-collapsing objects, the gravitational radius is a purely calculated parameter.

Solution (9) allows us to estimate the elasticity of the vacuum, for example, by compressing the quantum density of the medium ρ ₂ inside the surface of the gravitational interface between the Earth, the Sun, and the black hole:
for the Earth at R _s = 6.37 • 10 ⁶ m, R _g = 4.45 • 10 ^-3 m
ρ ₂ = 1.0000000007ρ ₀ ,
for the Sun at R _s = 6.96 • 10 ⁸ m, R _g = 1.48 • 10 ³ m
ρ ₂ = 1.000002ρ ₀ ,
for a black hole, R _g = R _s
ρ ₂ = 2ρ ₀ .

Действительно, речь идет о вакууме как о сверхупругой среде, не имеющей аналогов.If the Sun collapses, then its substance will be compressed 1.27 • 10 ¹⁶ times, while the quantum of space will be compressed only

Indeed, we are talking about vacuum as a superelastic medium that has no analogues.

Итак, новые решения (9) и (11) статического уравнения Пуассона для упругого вакуума включают вторую внутреннюю компоненту ρ₂ и φ₂, которые препятствуют искривлению пространства и уравновешивают внешнюю деформацию (искривление) упругого вакуума, обусловленную параметрами ρ₁ и φ₁. Такой подход позволяет исключить коллапс пространства, обеспечив его устойчивость.The quantum density of the medium as a parameter of the scalar field determines the distribution of the gravitational potential in a vacuum. We refine the solution of the classical Poisson equation (4) for the gravitational potential, determining its distribution for the external φ ₁ and internal φ ₂ regions of a spherically deformed vacuum

So, new solutions (9) and (11) of the Poisson's static equation for elastic vacuum include the second internal component ρ ₂ and φ ₂ , which prevent the curvature of space and balance the external deformation (curvature) of the elastic vacuum, due to the parameters ρ ₁ and φ ₁ . This approach eliminates the collapse of space, ensuring its stability.

If we select a certain spherical boundary in an elastic vacuum and begin to uniformly compress it to a radius R _s together with the medium, then the internal compression region will increase the quantum density of the medium due to stretching of the outer region, balancing the absolutely elastic system. This process is described by the Poisson equation as the divergence of the gradient of the quantum density of the medium or gravitational potential.

Итак, причиной тяготения является нарушение симметрии и установившегося равновесия колоссального натяжения упругого вакуума, обусловленного искривлением пространства-времени.The Newtonian law of universal gravitation for the force F _{n of} two gravitating masses m ₁ and m ₂ follows from the first external component φ _{1 of} solution (11) taking into account (10) (1 _r is the unit vector)

So, the cause of gravity is a violation of symmetry and the established equilibrium of the colossal tension of the elastic vacuum, due to the curvature of space-time.

Выражение (13) является самым простым и понятным выводом эквивалентности массы и энергии, в основе которой лежит энергия деформации вакуумного поля при рождении массы у элементарной частицы.On the other hand, the presence of the intrinsic gravitational potential C ₀ ^{2 of an} undeformed vacuum allows one to determine the resting energy W _{o of a} particle when it is created in a vacuum by transferring mass m ₀ from infinity to the region of potential C ₀ ² , determining the rest energy as the subsequent energy of the spherical strain of the vacuum generated particle

Expression (13) is the simplest and most understandable conclusion of the equivalence of mass and energy, which is based on the energy of deformation of the vacuum field at the birth of mass of an elementary particle.

Четырехмерный интервал (1) также легко приводится к балансу гравитационных потенциалов, отличному от (15), принимая постоянство скорости света в невозмущенном гравитацией вакууме с² = C₀ ² = const (при этом c² ≠ C²)

откуда находим
C²=C₀ ²-v² (18)
где

Как видно из (17), четырехмерный интервал (1) определяет гравитационный потенциал φ = C² возмущенного гравитацией упругого вакуума и формально устанавливает приближенный баланс гравитационных потенциалов (18) в возмущенном вакууме, который может быть получен из (15) путем некорректной замены возмущающего ньютоновского потенциала φ_n на квадрат скорости v²
C₀ ²=C²+v². (20)
Если баланс (15) гравитационных потенциалов в вакууме представляет собой точное решение (11) уравнения Пуассона для деформированного (искривленного) упругого вакуума, то баланс (20), отражающий преобразования Лоренца, представляет собой приближенное уравнение для вакуума. Но баланс (15) описывает статику, а (20) - кинематику. Чтобы ввести скорость движения в точное решение (11), необходимо увязать динамическое увеличение массы от скорости, а соответственно от возмущающего ньютоновского потенциала через нормализованный релятивистский фактор γ_n [7]

Из (21) получаем динамический баланс гравитационных потенциалов для движущейся во всем диапазоне скоростей частицы (тела)
C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ = C²+φ_nγ_n/ (22)
здесь

Баланс гравитационных потенциалов (22) определяет общее уравнение Пуассона, описывающее распределение гравитационного потенциала С² в деформируемом вакууме для сферически симметричной системы с учетом скорости тела (частицы) через фактор γ_n

Решением (24) является (21).Solutions of the Poisson equations (9) and (11) allow us to make an exact balance of the quantum density of the medium and gravitational potentials for the outer region of the deformed vacuum at ρ ₁ = ρ and φ ₁ = C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{1}}$ = C ² (to simplify the notation)
ρ ₀ = ρ + ρ _n (14)
C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ = C ² + φ _n (15)
where ρ _n is the change in the quantum density of the medium under the action of the Newtonian potential φ _n ; φ _n - Newtonian gravitational potential, m ² / s ²

The four-dimensional interval (1) is also easily reduced to a balance of gravitational potentials other than (15), assuming the constancy of the speed of light in a vacuum unperturbed by gravity with ² = C ₀ ² = const (in this case, c ² ≠ C ² )

where do we find
C ² = C ₀ ² -v ² (18)
Where

As can be seen from (17), the four-dimensional interval (1) determines the gravitational potential φ = C ² perturbed by gravity of the elastic vacuum and formally establishes the approximate balance of gravitational potentials (18) in the perturbed vacuum, which can be obtained from (15) by incorrectly replacing the perturbing Newtonian potential φ _n per square velocity v ²
C ₀ ² = C ² + v ² . (20)
If balance (15) of gravitational potentials in vacuum is an exact solution (11) of the Poisson equation for a deformed (curved) elastic vacuum, then balance (20), which reflects the Lorentz transformations, is an approximate equation for vacuum. But balance (15) describes statics, and (20) describes kinematics. In order to introduce the motion velocity into the exact solution (11), it is necessary to link the dynamic increase in mass to the velocity, and, accordingly, to the disturbing Newtonian potential through the normalized relativistic factor γ _n [7]

From (21) we obtain the dynamic balance of gravitational potentials for a particle (body) moving in the entire speed range
C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ = C ² + φ _n γ _{n /} (22)
here

The balance of gravitational potentials (22) determines the general Poisson equation describing the distribution of the gravitational potential C ² in a deformable vacuum for a spherically symmetric system taking into account the speed of the body (particle) through the factor γ _n

The solution to (24) is (21).

In FIG. Figure 2 presents the gravity diagram in the form of a diagram of the distribution of the quantum density of the medium and gravitational potentials in statics in accordance with (9) and (11), determining the balance of the quantum density of the medium and gravitational potentials. As can be seen at the gravitational interface r = R _s , there is a jump in the quantum density Δρ of the medium and the gravitational potential Δφ, forming a gravitational well in the medium
Δρ = 2ρ _ns Δφ = 2φ _ns (25)
where φ _ns is the Newtonian gravitational potential at the gravitational interface R _s in the medium due to a decrease in the quantum density of the medium ρ _ns from the outside of the gravitational boundary under spherical vacuum deformation, m ² / s ² .

 The presence of factor 2 in (25) is determined by the physical model of the participation of two components that ensure the stability of the vacuum space due to its simultaneous compression and stretching of the elastic medium as a result of gravitational interactions, excluding also factor 2 from the gravitational radius (10), which was incorrectly introduced by Schwarzschild from for the lack of a physical model of gravitational deformation of the vacuum. In this case, the fundamental role in all gravitational interactions is assigned to the very gravitational interface Rs of the medium, the properties and structure of which for nucleons and an electron (positron) are described in [7].

 The dynamic diagram (Fig. 2) differs from the static diagram only in that it is determined not by the static balance (15) of gravitational potentials, but by the dynamic (22), while maintaining spherical symmetry. This greatly simplifies the calculations in the theory of gravity, reducing it to the principle of superposition of fields for the problem of many bodies (particles), and in most cases there is no need to use a complex calculating apparatus using the energy-momentum tensor.

In the presence of a large number of elementary particles in a single conglomerate of the body, each particle inside the radius of its gravitational interface compresses the vacuum as an elastic medium due to its discharge from the outside, ensuring the manifestation of gravity at the elementary level and determining the effect of the principle of field superposition. Therefore, the solutions obtained are valid not only for elementary particles, but also for cosmological objects in the outer region of space, since the total mass of the object is determined by all elementary particles that make up it, and, accordingly, atoms and molecules. For cosmological objects, their radius may represent the conditional medium boundary R _s .

а ее предельная энергия W_max составит

Таким образом, установление баланса гравитационных потенциалов в деформированном вакууме позволило элементарно решить одну из труднейших задач теоретической физики - установить предельные параметры релятивистских частиц. Так, например, для релятивистского протона гравитационная граница определена его известным радиусом R_s = 0,82•10^-15 м, а предельная масса составит в соответствии с (26) всего 10¹² кг. Это большая величина, но не бесконечная, соответствующая железному астероиду диаметром порядка 1 км. Для релятивистского электрона, радиус которого не имеет четко выраженной гравитационной границы, по-видимому, при определении предельных параметров необходимо с некоторым уточнением ориентироваться на размеры протона [7].The normalized relativistic factor (23) limits the limiting mass of a particle when it reaches the speed of light and follows from (14) provided that the Newtonian potential of the relativistic particle at its gravitational boundary R _s in the limiting case cannot exceed φ _n ≤C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ . Where do we find that the maximum mass m _{max of a} relativistic particle cannot exceed the value

and its ultimate energy W _max will be

Thus, the establishment of a balance of gravitational potentials in a deformed vacuum made it possible to elementarily solve one of the most difficult problems of theoretical physics - to establish the limiting parameters of relativistic particles. So, for example, for a relativistic proton, the gravitational boundary is determined by its known radius R _s = 0.82 • 10 ^-15 m, and the maximum mass in accordance with (26) will be only 10 ¹² kg. This is a large value, but not infinite, corresponding to an iron asteroid with a diameter of about 1 km. For a relativistic electron, the radius of which does not have a clearly defined gravitational boundary, apparently, when determining the limiting parameters, it is necessary to focus on the dimensions of the proton with some refinement [7].

Как видно, левая часть (28) представляет собой предельную энергию (27) частицы (тела), а правая часть включает скрытую энергию W_v вакуумного поля и полную энергию W_s частицы (тела), определяемую суммой энергии покоя W₀ и кинетической энергии W_k как энергии сферической деформации вакуумного поля гравитационной границей раздела среды R_s (при R_s=r)

С учетом (29) энергетический баланс (28) удобнее представить в следующем виде, оперируя cо скрытой энергией W_v вакуумного поля
W_v= W_max-m₀C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ γ_n (30)
Энергетический баланс (30) показывает, что в пределах гравитационной границы раздела среды единственным источником энергии частицы (тела) является скрытая в вакуумном поле колоссальная энергия, которая полностью себя исчерпывает W_v=0 в объектах типа черная дыра, определяя максимальную энергию (27) деформации вакуумного поля черной дырой. По сути дела баланс (30) представляет собой обобщенную функцию Лагранжа, определяющую энергетические соотношения частицы (тела) с деформируемым ее вакуумным полем.Interestingly, the presence of a limit mass (26) for relativistic particles allows one to compose the energy balance for a particle in the entire speed range using the dynamic balance (22) of gravitational potentials, multiplying (22) by (26)

As can be seen, the left-hand side of (28) represents the limiting energy (27) of the particle (body), and the right-hand side includes the latent energy W _{v of the} vacuum field and the total energy W _{s of the} particle (body), determined by the sum of the rest energy W ₀ and kinetic energy W _k as the energy of the spherical deformation of the vacuum field by the gravitational interface of the medium R _s (at R _s = r)

Taking into account (29), the energy balance (28) is more convenient to present in the following form, operating with the latent energy W _{v of the} vacuum field
W _v = W _max -m ₀ C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ γ _n (30)
The energy balance (30) shows that, within the gravitational interface of the medium, the only source of energy of a particle (body) is the colossal energy hidden in a vacuum field, which completely exhausts itself W _v = 0 in objects of the black hole type, determining the maximum strain energy (27) vacuum field black hole. In essence, balance (30) is a generalized Lagrange function that determines the energy relations of a particle (body) with its deformable vacuum field.

В (31) входит величина максимальной сферической силы F_Tmax натяжения вакуумного поля, производимая черной дырой

Как видно из (32), предельная сила, которую можно достичь в вакуумном поле, имеет конкретную величину.Expression (30) allows us to determine the latent spherical force F _{vT of} the vacuum field tension due to its deformation due to the presence of mass, as the derivative with respect to the gravitational interface R _s taking into account (27), expressing the mass in (30) through the substance density ρ _m

The value of the maximum spherical force F _{Tmax of the} tension of the vacuum field produced by a black hole is included in (31)

As can be seen from (32), the ultimate force that can be achieved in a vacuum field has a specific value.

Dividing (31) by the surface value of the spherical gravitational interface R _s , we determine the value of the surface tension tensor T _n due to the action of the substance density ρ _m in the vacuum field (l _n is the unit vector normal to the spherical surface)
T _n = ρ _m C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ γ _n 1 _n (33)
As can be seen from (33), the surface tension tensor depends only on the density of substances R _s and the velocity of the particle (body) in vacuum. So, for example, at an average density of the substance ρ _m = 5518 kg / m ^{3 the} magnitude of the tensor of the vacuum field tension on the Earth's surface is 5 • 10 ²⁰ N / m ² , determining the enormous deformation stresses of the vacuum field. The average density of the Sun is less than the Earth’s, therefore, the magnitude of the tensor of tension on the surface of the Sun is less than on Earth, but the total vacuum tension force over the entire surface of the Sun is much larger than the Earth.

 Thus, the analysis of the balance of gravitational potentials allows not only to establish the limiting parameters of a particle (body) in a deformed vacuum field, but also to find their intermediate values in the entire speed range, including speeds equal to the speed of light.

The obtained new calculation results for a deformed vacuum field allow us to refine the parameters of objects of the black hole type. This applies to the physical model of the black hole itself, the plot of the distribution of quantum density and gravitational potentials, which is represented by the gravitational diagram in FIG. 3. As a result of the collapse of matter, the quantum density inside the gravitational radius of the black hole reaches a limit value equal to 2ρ ₀ due to rarefaction of the medium from the outside ρ = 0.
The main property of black holes is a violation of the continuity of the vacuum field due to its discontinuities at the gravitational interface between the black hole and the vacuum field. Violation of continuity leads to the fact that light is not able to penetrate into the black hole, completely damping on its surface and making the black hole invisible.

At the gravitational interface R _{s of a} black hole and a medium equal to the gravitational radius R _g (10) (without a factor of 2 at R _g = R _s ), a jump in the gravitational potential Δφ = 2C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ , since the Newtonian potential on the external side of the medium takes the limit value C ₀ ² . The Newtonian potential takes the same value from the inside of the gravitational boundary relative to the gravitational potential C ₀ ^{2 of the} undeformed vacuum field.

Expressions (26) and (27) make it possible to determine the mass and energy of a black hole as the energy of the spherical deformation of a vacuum field at R _s = R _g . Expression (32) allows us to determine the total tension force acting on the surface of a black hole, limited by its gravitational radius and independent of the magnitude of the gravitational radius.

 It should be noted that black holes can be of three types: static, dynamic, and relativistic. Static black holes are caused by collapse in the region of low velocities in a vacuum field.

 With increasing speed, the body mass increases as a result of increasing spherical deformation of the vacuum field, bringing the system to a critical state. As a result, it appears when the system reaches a certain critical speed that the accretion of matter to the center of the system and its subsequent collapse are provoked.

Так, например, при достижении протоном скорости света, последний переходит в черную релятивистскую микродыру с напряженностью 10³² м/с (34) на поверхности, равной R_s. Естественно, что сейчас речь идет о черных дырах как гипотетических объектах, знание физических свойств которых позволяет более уверенно вести их поиск.And finally, when a particle is accelerated to the speed of light, the latter transforms into a black relativistic micro-hole. Such a black micro-hole does not have electromagnetic radiation, but carries a gravitational field, which
the surface of the gravitational radius reaches enormous tension a (a - acceleration of gravity, m / s ", at R _g = R _s )

So, for example, when the proton reaches the speed of light, the latter goes into a black relativistic micro-hole with an intensity of 10 ³² m / s (34) on a surface equal to R _s . Naturally, now we are talking about black holes as hypothetical objects, the knowledge of the physical properties of which allows us to more confidently search for them.

 On the other hand, the accretion of matter towards the center of the system and its subsequent collapse into a black hole does not lead to a change in the mass of the substance itself, and accordingly does not lead to a change in the gravitational field in the space around the black hole and does not produce wave oscillations in a vacuum field. The formation of objects such as black holes is not associated with the generation of gravitational waves, as predicted by GR.

Как видно из (36), вектор деформации D является аналогом напряженности гравитационного поля, но выраженный в других единицах измерения (частиц/м⁴). При этом вектор деформации определяет величину и направление деформации вакуумного поля в результате гравитационного взаимодействия как искривление пространства-времени.The generation of longitudinal gravitational waves is directly related to the concept of the deformation vector of a vacuum field. The balance of gravitational potentials (22) is an exact equation of state of the vacuum field for an elementary particle with mass and takes into account the effect on the vacuum not only of the mass of the moving particle, but also considers the motion itself in an elastic vacuum as a transfer of the deformation vector D of the same vacuum [7]
D = grad (ρ) (35)
The strain vector (35) can be written in terms of the Newtonian gravitational potential φ _n taking into account (8) and (7) for a spherically symmetric system

As can be seen from (36), the deformation vector D is an analog of the gravitational field strength, but expressed in other units of measurement (particles / m ⁴ ). In this case, the deformation vector determines the magnitude and direction of deformation of the vacuum field as a result of gravitational interaction as a curvature of space-time.

 The diagram (Fig. 2) gives a visual representation of the distribution of the quantum density of the medium and gravitational potentials in the form of a specific vacuum field with spherical symmetry. It is obvious that during the movement in vacuum of an elementary particle (body), a diagram transfer will be observed (Fig. 2). This means that a particle (body) moving in space transfers with its mass its gravitational field. It is such a transfer of the gravitational field in space that does not take into account any of the known theories of gravity.

 The transfer of gravitational field in vacuum is taken into account by the equation of balance of gravitational potentials (22). The transfer of the gravitational field during body motion is associated with complex processes in space-time. Naturally, the leading front of the moving gravitational field deforms (bends) the elastic vacuum, and the trailing edge resets this strain [7]. For this reason, the speed of light as a wave manifestation of the elastic oscillations of the vacuum field in the direction of motion of the body and in the opposite direction ensures its constancy in accordance with the principle of spherical invariance [7]. This is confirmed by the experiments of Michelson and Morley. An elastic vacuum behaves as a specific quantized medium, which has no analogues with known media.

Выражение (37) устанавливает скорость света в возмущенном вакууме в окрестностях движущегося тела (частицы), из которого следует, что с увеличением массы тела и его скорости скорость света в возмущенном таким образом вакууме уменьшается. Это соответствует экспериментальным наблюдениям по искривлению траектории луча света в сильном неоднородном гравитационном поле. В предельном случае на поверхности черной дыры при условии φ_nγ_n= C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ свет останавливается вовсе, делая невидимой черную дыру.The spherically symmetric model in gravity, taking into account the real deformation of the vacuum field when the mass moves in it, greatly simplifies all gravitational calculations by determining the real speed of light in vacuum by the value of the gravitational potential from the balance (22)

Expression (37) sets the speed of light in a perturbed vacuum in the vicinity of a moving body (particle), from which it follows that with an increase in the mass of the body and its speed, the speed of light in a vacuum so perturbed decreases. This corresponds to experimental observations on the curvature of the trajectory of a ray of light in a strong inhomogeneous gravitational field. In the limiting case, on the surface of a black hole, under the condition φ _n γ _n = C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ the light stops altogether, making the black hole invisible.

 The solution of the general Poisson equation (24) in the form of a balance of gravitational potentials (22) in a vacuum field determines the principle of spherical invariance of space, which manifests itself in the independence of the speed of light (37) in directions from a light source moving in space together with a mass disturbing vacuum. It was the independence of the speed of light in directions that allowed Einstein to formulate the principle of relativity in due time.

 On the other hand, expression (37) determines the velocity of wave disturbances in a vacuum field, including gravitational waves. Undoubtedly, deformation of the vacuum field leads not only to a change in the propagation velocity of wave disturbances in it, but also leads to a redistribution of the course of time in space, forming chronical fields.

где L_qo= 0,74•10^-25 м - размеры элементарного упругого кванта пространства (квантона) [7].The solution of the general Poisson equation (24) for a deformed vacuum allows us to calculate the course of time in space and the distribution of this course in space in the form of a chronic field. To this end, we define the limiting frequency f _{o of} natural vibrations of an elementary undeformed quantum of space as an elastic element that sets the course of time T _о in space and combines space and time into a single substance

where L _qo = 0.74 • 10 ^-25 m - the dimensions of the elementary elastic quantum of space (quanton) [7].

As can be seen from (39), the minimum time interval T _{o is} set by the propagation time of the wave disturbance as a result of elastic excitation of a quantum of space (quanton). Obviously, (38) determines the limiting frequency of wave perturbations in a vacuum.

Подставляя (39) в (24), получаем уравнение Пуассона, описывающее поле параметров L_q/T пространства-времени

Интегрирование (41) относительно времени Т в сферически деформированном вакууме с учетом деформации самого квантона позволяет получить решение в виде распределения хода времени в пространстве в зависимости от величины массы и ее скорости движения для внешней T₁ и внутренней Т₂ областей гравитационной границы

Распределение времени (42) в пространстве описывает реальное хрональное поле и справедливо для промежутков времени, значительно превышающих элементарное время (39). Как видно, во внешнем гравитационном поле время T₁ замедляется с увеличением массы и скорости движения тела. И время полностью останавливается на поверхности черной дыры с внешней стороны гравитационной границы раздела при r = R_s= R_gγ_n. Внутри гравитационной границы R_s время Т₂ ускоряется. Показатель степени 5/6=0,833 в (42) близок к единице, что делает распределение времени в пространстве, близким к распределению гравитационных потенциалов (21).Expression (38) allows you to connect the space-time parameters in the form of the ratio L _qo / T _o with the gravitational potential of the unperturbed vacuum С _о ² or in the general case allows you to connect the ratio of the parameters L _q / T with the gravitational potential C ² perturbed by the deformation of the vacuum

Substituting (39) into (24), we obtain the Poisson equation describing the parameter field L _q / T of space-time

Integrating (41) with respect to time T in a spherically deformed vacuum, taking into account the deformation of the quanton itself, allows us to obtain a solution in the form of a distribution of the course of time in space depending on the value of the mass and its velocity for the outer T ₁ and inner T ₂ regions of the gravitational boundary

The distribution of time (42) in space describes a real chronical field and is valid for time intervals significantly exceeding elementary time (39). As can be seen, in an external gravitational field, the time T ₁ slows down with an increase in the mass and velocity of the body. And time completely stops on the surface of the black hole on the outside of the gravitational interface at r = R _s = R _g γ _n . Inside the gravitational boundary of R _s time T _{2 is} accelerated. The exponent 5/6 = 0.833 in (42) is close to unity, which makes the distribution of time in space close to the distribution of gravitational potentials (21).

 As you can see, the physical nature of space-time is hidden in the real elasticity of space itself and its elementary quantum - a quanton that sets the natural course of time depending on the deformation state of the elastic vacuum. Quanton is a volume elastic resonator, which, among other things, plays the role of an ideal electronic clock with a half-cycle (39).

 So, the change in the course of time in space is associated with gravity, that is, with the curvature of space-time (with its deformation), described by the Poisson equation (41).

 To periodically change the deformation vector (35) of the vacuum field and thereby cause longitudinal oscillations of the vacuum, we consider the ideal gravitational oscillator, which is the source of gravitational waves.

If the ideal electromagnetic oscillator could be an electric charge q _o with a variable value of the charge q itself, for example, according to the harmonic law (ω is the cyclic frequency)
q = q ₀ sinωt, (42)
then, by analogy with the electromagnetic oscillator (42), the mass m _o from (36) with a variable value m should act as the gravitational charge q _o in the gravitational oscillator
m = m ₀ sinωt, (43)
Naturally, in nature there is no charge with a variable value (42), but if a high-frequency current is supplied to an antenna made in the form of a piece of wire, then such an antenna can be considered as an electrode with a variable value of charge (42), exciting in a vacuum field electromagnetic waves.

Такой подход касается также квантовой плотности среды при формировании античастицы в вакуумном поле

На фиг. 4 представлена гравитационная диаграмма (эпюра) распределения квантовой плотности среды (47) и гравитационного потенциала (46) для античастицы. На границе раздела среды наблюдается скачок квантовой плотности среды и гравитационного потенциала (25) как и для частицы. Но в отличие от частицы античастица формируется за счет выталкивания квантов пространства (квантонов) из внутренней области гравитационной граница во внешнюю, увеличивая во внешней области квантовую плотность среды и величину гравитационного потенциала.So, in order to excite electromagnetic waves in space, it is necessary to periodically change the polarity of the electric charge. In order to excite gravitational waves in space, it is necessary to periodically change the polarity of the gravitational charge, that is, the sign of mass. But the concept of negative mass is associated with antimatter, the presence of which in the balance of gravitational potentials (22) is taken into account by the minus sign in front of the Newtonian potential
C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ = C ² -φ _n γ _n (44)
Expression (44), which describes the balance of gravitational potentials for antimatter, reveals a completely different physics of the formation of antiparticles from antimatter compared with ordinary matter. If for a substance the presence of a Newtonian potential determines the presence of a gravitational well in the external region of the vacuum field (Fig. 2), then for antimatter the Newtonian potential leads to an increase in the gravitational potential C ² in the external region of space
C ² = C $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{0}}$ + φ _n γ _n , (45)
determining the distribution of the gravitational potential both in the external region and inside the gravitational interface of the medium, which differs from (21) by the signs (+) and (-)

This approach also applies to the quantum density of the medium in the formation of an antiparticle in a vacuum field.

In FIG. Figure 4 shows the gravitational diagram (diagram) of the distribution of the quantum density of the medium (47) and the gravitational potential (46) for the antiparticle. At the interface, there is a jump in the quantum density of the medium and the gravitational potential (25) as for a particle. But unlike a particle, an antiparticle is formed due to the expulsion of space quanta (quantons) from the inner region of the gravitational boundary to the outer one, increasing the quantum density of the medium and the magnitude of the gravitational potential in the outer region.

 In all processes of the formation of particles and antiparticles in a vacuum field, the fundamental role is played by the gravitational boundary itself. For particles, the structure of the gravitational boundary should provide a spherical deformation of the vacuum field to a certain center, compressing the vacuum field inside the gravitational boundary. For an antiparticle, the mechanism of its formation is associated with the retention of the colossal external tension of the vacuum field by the gravitational boundary.

In a vacuum field, a situation can arise where the external tension of the medium can lead to a local rupture of space. Then the vacuum field can be kept in a stable state only by the gravitational boundary, which has a contracting property, for example, representing a shell of alternating charges [7]. In this case, the jump in the gravitational potential at the interface will reach 2C _o ² , representing this formation as an anti-hole.

 In all respects, such an anti-hole, but not as an elementary particle, but in the form of a cosmological object, is an excellent reflector of electromagnetic radiation and should be recorded by appropriate astronomical instruments. On the other hand, such an anti-hole instead of gravity should have a repulsive effect, exhibiting anti-gravity properties.

 As for the elementary antiparticles, the analysis of their plot (Fig. 4) shows that the antiparticle is a less stable state compared to a particle (Fig. 2), the presence of a gravitational well in which, in the external region of the vacuum field, makes it a rather stable formation. In any case, analysis of the possible creation of gravitational oscillators using antiparticles allows a completely different look at the problem of generating gravitational waves.

где ε₀= 8,85•10^-12 Ф/м - электрическая постоянная;
μ₀= 1,26•10^-6 Гн/м - магнитная постоянная.The analysis convincingly proves that the vacuum space has an elastic structure and consists of a large number of tiny particles - quanta of space (quantons), indivisible further. To reveal the structure of the elementary quantum of space, we use the Maxwell equations for vacuum. We write the current densities of the electric j _e and magnetic j _m bias in vacuum during the passage of an electromagnetic wave. This is expressed through the corresponding changes in time t of the intensity of the vectors of electric E and magnetic H fields (see L. Bessonov. Theoretical foundations of electrical engineering (in three parts). Sixth edition. - Moscow: Vysshaya Shkola, 1973, pp. 633-637 ) [thirteen]

where ε ₀ = 8.85 • 10 ^-12 F / m is the electric constant;
μ ₀ = 1.26 • 10 ^-6 GN / m is the magnetic constant.

Due to the symmetry of the electromagnetic wave, the current densities of electric and magnetic displacement in vacuum in absolute value (modulus) are equivalent to each other
j _m = C _o j _e (50)
In (50), the densities of bias currents are interconnected by a factor equal to the speed of light C _o for an unperturbed gravity vacuum field, or C for a perturbed gravity. This is due to the difference in the dimensions of the density of bias currents for the electric and magnetic components in the SI system. The displacement current densities can be expressed in terms of the displacement velocity v of massless elementary electric e and magnetic g charges and the quantum density of the medium ρ ₀ , assuming that the charges e and g are part of the quanton in pairs with the signs (+) and (-), forming a generally neutral particle
j _e = 2eρ ₀ v (51)
j _m = 2gρ ₀ v. (52)
Substituting (51) and (52) into (50), we obtain the relation between elementary electric and magnetic charges
g = C _o e = 4.8 • 10 ^-11 Am (or Dk), (53)
where e = 1,6 • 10 ^-19 C - the elementary electric charge.

So, in the SI system, the elementary magnetic charge (53) has a value of 4.8 • 10 ^-11 Am and a dimension expressed in Dirac (Dk), which has not yet been officially included in the SI system. In theoretical physics, an elementary magnetic charge (Dirac monopole) is adopted by analogy with the electric measure in Coulomb (see Dirac Monopole (collection of articles). - M .: Mir, 1979, p. 27) [14]. This introduces some confusion, since in electrical engineering magnetic quantities are determined by derivatives of electric current, and if the magnetic moment has a dimension Am ² , then the magnetic charge is determined by the dimension Am = Dk, not Cl.

 Thus, an analysis of Maxwell's equations shows that the condition for vacuum polarization by an electromagnetic wave is the presence of electric and magnetic bias currents of the massless electric and magnetic charges that make up the quanton. In this case, the quanton itself as an elementary quantum of space should include four elementary charges: two electric (+ 1e and -1e) and two magnetic (+ 1g and -1g), representing a static electromagnetic quadrupole, practically unexplored in electrodynamics. In what follows, we will call massless elementary charges monopoles (electric and magnetic).

 To select an elementary volume in space, it is necessary from the position of geometric minimization to have only four marking points. One point is just a point, two points allow you to select a line, three - a surface, four - volume. And these four points were planned by nature itself in the form of the indicated four monopoles, forming the structure of a quanton. In general, a quanton is an electrically neutral and massless particle with electrical and magnetic properties that manifest themselves when the vacuum is polarized in an electromagnetic wave.

где k₃= 1,44 - коэффициент заполнения вакуума квантонами шаровой формы;
R_s=0,81•10^-15 м - радиус протона (нейтрона).We cannot approach the structure of a quanton with the standards of known elementary particles, such as an electron having a mass and simultaneously being a carrier of an elementary electric charge. From classical positions, four opposite monopoles in a quanton under the influence of colossal tension forces should collapse to a point. However, this is not observed. Vacuum space is a very stable substance. This means that the monopoles included in the quanton have finite dimensions, determining the diameter L _{q of} the quanton itself [7]

where k ₃ = 1.44 is the filling factor of the vacuum with spherical quantons;
R _s = 0.81 • 10 ^-15 m is the radius of the proton (neutron).

Expression (54) is obtained from the conditions of elastic vacuum tension as a result of the interaction of quantons with each other at the birth of an elementary particle (proton, neutron) from a vacuum field as a result of its spherical deformation. Radius R _s represents an elementary gravitational interface in a quantized medium for these elementary particles.

In FIG. 5 shows the most probable structure of the electric and magnetic monopole. Apparently, the monopole, in order to satisfy the conditions of the elastic state of the vacuum field, should be a two-phase particle consisting of a central core 1 surrounded by an elastic atmosphere 2. It is core 1 that is the source of the field (electric or magnetic) in the form of a charge. It can be assumed that it is the core of the monopole that is determined by the Planck length of ^10–35 m, and the monopole itself has dimensions of the order of ^10–26 m [7]. The physical nature of the monopoly charges themselves and the structure of their elastic atmosphere are not yet clear. The monopoles themselves and their elastic atmosphere determine the electrical and magnetic properties of vacuum in the form of constants ε ₀ and μ ₀ , linking together the electric and magnetic matter inside the quanton.

Из (55) получаем соотношение

Из (56) получаем соотношение между магнитным и электрическим элементарными зарядами g= C_oe, соответствующее (53), но полученное иным способом (при условии

в СИ). При этом природа скорости света устанавливается реальным квантованием вакуумного пространства электрическими и магнитными монополями, входящими в состав квантонов

Сам процесс электромагнитного квантования большого объема пространства связан с его заполнением квантонами. В силу естественной способности к сцеплению противоположных по знаку зарядов квантоны, сцепляясь друг с другом, образуют квантованную упругую среду. Тетраэдрная форма расстановки ядер монополей в квантонах вносит элемент хаотичности в сцепления квантонов, делая случайным образом ориентацию их электрических и магнитных осей в пространстве и исключая какое-либо приоритетное направление ориентации. В целом создается электрически и магнитно нейтральная, однородная и изотропная среда, обладающая электрическим и магнитными свойствами, получившая название как вакуумное поле в виде статического электромагнитного поля (см. Богач В. А. Гипотеза о существовании статического электромагнитного поля и его свойствах. - Дубна: Объединенный институт ядерных исследований, 1996, препринт Р 13-96-463) [15], (Смирнов В.И. Экспериментальная проверка гипотезы о существовании статического электромагнитного поля. - Дубна: Объединенный институт ядерных исследований, 1999, препринт Р13-99-7) [16], (Неганов Б.С. О существовании в лоренцевой механике абсолютной системы отсчета. - Дубна: Объединенный институт ядерных исследований, 1998, препринт Р2-98-217) [17].Then, on the basis of the physical model of monopoly charges, it is possible to analyze the process of quanton formation shown in Fig.6. Four elastic monopole balls form a figure with the arrangement of their nuclei along the vertices of the tetrahedron, ensuring the orthogonality of the electric and magnetic axes of the generally neutral quanton. But the quanton cannot remain in this state. Naturally, the colossal forces of electromagnetic compression should deform the quadrupole from monopoles into the spherical particle shown in Fig. 7, preserving its integrity as a single particle, and preserving the orthogonality of the electric and magnetic axes. The monopole nuclei in the considered model of the spherical quanton are located at the vertices of the tetrahedron. This provides the quanton with the equivalence of electric and magnetic energies. In this case, the equivalent action of electric and magnetic fields inside the quanton is determined by the equality of the Coulomb forces for electric F _e and magnetic F _m charges acting at a distance r equal to the edge of the tetrahedron

From (55) we obtain the relation

From (56) we obtain the relation between the magnetic and electric elementary charges g = C _o e, corresponding to (53), but obtained in a different way (provided

in SI). Moreover, the nature of the speed of light is established by the actual quantization of the vacuum space by the electric and magnetic monopoles that are part of the quantons

The process of electromagnetic quantization of a large volume of space is associated with its filling with quantons. Due to the natural ability to adhere opposite charges in sign, quantons, coupled with each other, form a quantized elastic medium. The tetrahedral arrangement of the monopole nuclei in quantons introduces an element of randomness into the coupling of quantons, randomly orienting their electric and magnetic axes in space and excluding any priority orientation direction. On the whole, an electrically and magnetically neutral, homogeneous and isotropic medium is created with electric and magnetic properties, which is called a vacuum field in the form of a static electromagnetic field (see V. A. Bogach, Hypothesis on the existence of a static electromagnetic field and its properties. - Dubna: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 1996, preprint R 13-96-463) [15], (Smirnov VI Experimental verification of the hypothesis of the existence of a static electromagnetic field. - Dubna: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Niy, 1999, preprint Р13-99-7) [16], (Neganov BS On the existence of an absolute reference system in Lorentz mechanics. - Dubna: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 1998, preprint Р2-98-217) [17] .

It is not possible to imagine the structure of the discrete electric and magnetic fields of a quantized medium in projection onto a plane. A simplified model of a flat local area of a vacuum field of four quantons is presented in projection onto a plane in the form of electric and magnetic field lines (in Fig. 8). Naturally, the vacuum field can be considered in the form of a discrete grid with a discreteness of the order of 10 ^-26 m from the lines of force of static electric and magnetic fields, thrown over the entire Universe and connecting all objects together. We live in an electromagnetic universe.

 Due to the small size, the action of electrodynamic forces inside the quanton between monopole charges is so great that in nature there are no forces capable of splitting the quanton into separate monopoles. This is experimentally confirmed by the absence of free magnetic charges in nature, despite their numerous searches [14]. A certain excess of electric charges is due to the electric asymmetry of the Universe. But it is precisely the excess of electric charges that is the source of the creation of elementary particles and material matter from vacuum [7].

 Next, we proceed to the analysis of electromagnetic radiation, which in a vacuum field can propagate only in the water of transverse waves of polarization of a vacuum field, in contrast to longitudinal gravitational waves. It is believed that the electromagnetic field is derived from the fields of electric and magnetic, does not have its own carrier and is not associated with gravity. But this is just a consequence based on the laws of electromagnetic induction, when magnetism is born from electricity through an incomprehensible topology of space. And the reason for the electromagnetic interactions lies in the imbalance of the discrete static electromagnetic vacuum field, which has its own carrier in the form of an elementary quantum of space - a quanton that combines electricity and magnetism.

Условие прохождения электромагнитной волны как поляризационного возбуждения вакуумного поля определено постоянством суммарной электромагнитной энергии W_q квантона, являющегося переносчиком волнового возбуждения
W_q=W_e+W_g=const. (60)
Обеспечение условия (60) связано с тем, что растяжение квантона по электрической оси (фиг.9а) одновременно приводит к его сжатию по магнитной оси (фиг. 9б). При этом увеличение расстояний между электрическими зарядами внутри квантона ведет к уменьшению его электрической энергии и одновременному увеличению его магнитной энергии на такую же величину за счет уменьшения расстояний между магнитными зарядами. Сами поляризационные процессы в вакууме связаны с очень малыми перемещениями зарядов внутри квантона ввиду его сверхвысокой упругости. Это позволяет записать изменение энергии при изменении расстояния между зарядами как малой величины через соответствующие производные от (58) и (59) в виде соответствующих сил

Знак плюс в (62) означает, что энергия магнитного поля увеличивается. Учитываем, что изменение напряженности от одного заряда в области другого при изменении расстояния между ними определяется соответствующими производными, которые определяем из поля элементарного заряда (1_х и 1_y - единичные векторы)

Подставляем (63) и (64) в (61) и (62) соответственно, получаем

Учитывая, что условие (60) обеспечивается равенством изменения энергий (65) и (60), получаем искомое соотношение, связывающее между собой взаимное изменение напряженности электрического и магнитного полей в электромагнитной волне в условиях малого поляризационного смещения самих зарядов в квантоне (при x=y)

Учитывая (41) и μ₀C₀= (ε₀C₀)^-1, из (67) получаем

Выражение (68) приводим к виду, когда изменения напряженности полей наблюдаются во времени, выразив скорость v смещения зарядов внутри квантона соответствующими производными

С учетом (69) из (68) получаем искомое соотношение для электромагнитной волны

Или учитывая ортогональность векторов E┴H, запишем (70) через соответствующие индексы x и у (или единичные векторы, орты)

Сравнивая (71) с (48) и (49), получаем соотношение, аналогичное (50), для векторов плотности токов смещения с соответствующими индексами, учитывающими их ортогональность
j_my=C_oj_ex. (72)
Анализ изменения электрических параметров квантона электромагнитной волной был проведен при учете изменений поля внутри квантона. Но поскольку вакуумное поле как среда, находящаяся в нейтральном равновесном состоянии, выходит из этого состояния при нарушении электромагнитного равновесия самого квантона, то полученные выражения справедливы и для вакуумного поля в целом при электромагнитной поляризации множества квантонов, входящих в область волны.The transfer of electromagnetic energy in a vacuum in the form of an electromagnetic wave occurs as a result of the electromagnetic polarization of the vacuum field, which violates the electromagnetic equilibrium in the medium. In this case, the quanton is just a carrier of electromagnetic radiation, ensuring the constancy of its own energy. This was established experimentally by the absence of excess energy in an electromagnetic wave, which does not lead to the release of excess energy from the vacuum field. For this reason, the polarization of a quanton by an electromagnetic wave is associated with the periodic extension of the quanton along the electric axis and compression along the magnetic axis, and vice versa, while maintaining the constancy of its own energy (Fig. 9)
Since the electric and magnetic axes of the quanton are orthogonal to each other, we arrange them in the system of rectangular coordinates along the x and y axes, designating the distance between the charges inside the quanton as x and y under the condition x = y = r as the edges of the tetrahedron. Then the energy of the electric W _e and magnetic W _g fields interacting inside the quanton of charges is determined by well-known expressions

The condition for the passage of an electromagnetic wave as a polarization excitation of a vacuum field is determined by the constancy of the total electromagnetic energy W _{q of the} quanton, which is a carrier of wave excitation
W _q = W _e + W _g = const. (60)
Providing conditions (60) is due to the fact that the extension of the quanton along the electric axis (Fig. 9a) simultaneously leads to its compression along the magnetic axis (Fig. 9b). Moreover, an increase in the distance between electric charges inside the quanton leads to a decrease in its electric energy and a simultaneous increase in its magnetic energy by the same amount due to a decrease in the distances between magnetic charges. The polarization processes in vacuum themselves are associated with very small charge movements inside the quanton due to its ultrahigh elasticity. This allows us to record the change in energy when the distance between the charges is changed as a small quantity through the corresponding derivatives of (58) and (59) in the form of the corresponding forces

The plus sign in (62) means that the magnetic field energy increases. We take into account that the change in tension from one charge in the region of another with a change in the distance between them is determined by the corresponding derivatives, which are determined from the field of elementary charge (1 _x and 1 _y are unit vectors)

Substituting (63) and (64) into (61) and (62), respectively, we obtain

Considering that condition (60) is ensured by the equality of the changes in energies (65) and (60), we obtain the desired relationship relating the mutual change in the electric and magnetic fields in the electromagnetic wave under conditions of a small polarization shift of the charges themselves in the quanton (at x = y )

Given (41) and μ ₀ C ₀ = (ε ₀ C ₀ ) ^-1 , from (67) we obtain

We express expression (68) when the field strength changes are observed in time, expressing the velocity v of the charge displacement inside the quanton by the corresponding derivatives

In view of (69), from (68) we obtain the desired relation for the electromagnetic wave

Or, taking into account the orthogonality of the vectors E┴H, we write (70) through the corresponding indices x and y (or unit vectors, unit vectors)

Comparing (71) with (48) and (49), we obtain a relation similar to (50) for the displacement current density vectors with the corresponding indices taking into account their orthogonality
j _my = C _o j _ex . (72)
An analysis of the change in the electrical parameters of the quanton by an electromagnetic wave was carried out taking into account changes in the field inside the quanton. But since the vacuum field as a medium in a neutral equilibrium state leaves this state when the quanton itself is disturbed by the electromagnetic equilibrium, the expressions obtained are also valid for the vacuum field as a whole with the electromagnetic polarization of many quantons entering the wave region.

 Thus, rotorless equations (70) - (72) were obtained that relate the electric and magnetic parameters of the electromagnetic wave field in vacuum, which determine the action of the laws of electromagnetic induction in it, when the magnetic component appears simultaneously with a change in the electric component, and vice versa.

Учитывая, что скорость света С_о в (73) определяет собой направление электромагнитной волны и представляет собой вектор С_о, выражение (73) удобнее представить в виде векторного произведения

Из выражения (74) следует, что все три указанные векторы ортогональны друг другу. А это означает, что векторы Е_х и Н_у лежат в плоскости, перпендикулярной вектору скорости С_о, и определяют электромагнитную волну как волну поперечной поляризации вакуумного поля (фиг. 10). По этой причине в плоской сферической поперечно поляризованной электромагнитной волне экспериментально не обнаружены роторы напряженности электрического и магнитного полей. Для возмущенного гравитацией вакуумного поля вектор скорости света С_о в (74) переходит в вектор С из (37).Integration (71) allows us to relate together the equivalent values of the electric and magnetic components of an electromagnetic spherical wave, expressing them through the equality of the vectors of the electric and magnetic field strengths, which vary in harmonic law

Given that the speed of light C _o in (73) determines the direction of the electromagnetic wave and is a vector C _o , it is more convenient to express expression (73) as a vector product

From the expression (74) it follows that all three of these vectors are orthogonal to each other. And this means that the vectors E _x and H _y lie in a plane perpendicular to the velocity vector C _o and define the electromagnetic wave as a wave of transverse polarization of the vacuum field (Fig. 10). For this reason, rotors of electric and magnetic fields are not experimentally detected in a plane spherical transversely polarized electromagnetic wave. For a vacuum field perturbed by gravity, the light velocity vector C _о in (74) transforms into vector C from (37).

 The nature of the formation of rotors of electric and magnetic fields in vacuum is associated with the orientational polarization of quantons, considered in [6, 7] and is observed in the region of the radiating antenna in the form of a conductor section through which a high-frequency current flows. The polarization of the vacuum field is associated with both deformation and orientation polarization of the quantons themselves, which are the carriers (carriers) of the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetic energy of the radiating antenna, due to the external manifestation of the imbalance of the vacuum field as a result of the electromagnetic polarization of the quantons themselves, ensuring their own energy and thereby action of the laws of electromagnetic induction in a vacuum field.

 In order to understand the energy of wave processes occurring in a vacuum field, when similar phenomena associated, for example, with a mass defect, manifest themselves as electromagnetic radiation in one case and gravitational waves in the other, it is necessary to eliminate one of the paradoxes of theoretical physics that allows the mutual existence of two mutually mutually exclusive principles.

 On the one hand, this is the principle of equivalence of electromagnetic energy and mass, defined by expression (13). But as was proved earlier, mass is a gravitational charge, that is, it is a parameter of the gravitational field, the energy of which is determined by the energies of the spherical deformation of the vacuum field (13). Thus, the principle of equivalence of mass and energy establishes the equivalence of energy of electromagnetic and gravitational fields.

где m_e = 0,91•10^-30 кг - масса покоя электрона.On the other hand, the theory of gravity has established the view that the energy of a gravitational field, such as an electron, is disproportionately small in comparison with its electric energy. Indeed, the well-known expressions for the energy of the gravitational W _m and electric W _e (58) fields of an electron make it possible to determine their ratio

where m _e = 0.91 • 10 ^-30 kg is the rest mass of the electron.

Отношение (77), в общем неверное в своей основе, базируется на том, что силы электрического взаимодействия намного больше сил гравитационных. Но силу, действующую на свободный электрон в вакуумном поле, необходимо рассматривать как производную от энергии (31). Тогда интеграл силы даст искомую величину энергии при правильном выборе постоянной интегрирования, которая в известных расчетах не учитывала энергию деформации вакуумного поля и привела к некорректному выводу (77).Dividing (76) by (75), we obtain the desired relation

Relation (77), which is generally incorrect at its core, is based on the fact that the forces of electrical interaction are much greater than the forces of gravitational. But the force acting on a free electron in a vacuum field must be considered as a derivative of energy (31). Then the force integral will give the desired energy value with the correct choice of the integration constant, which in known calculations did not take into account the strain energy of the vacuum field and led to the incorrect conclusion (77).

 On the other hand, the energy of the gravitational field of a free electron is determined by the energy of the spherical deformation of the vacuum, since only the presence of the spherical deformation of the vacuum field is the cause of gravity. The energy of the electric field is determined by the energy of the electric polarization of a spherically deformed vacuum field.

По сути дела при выводе (78) применен метод перенормировки гравитационного потенциала, когда фиктивный ньютоновский потенциал перенормируется действительным гравитационным потенциалом С² сферически деформированного вакуумного поля (фиг.2).The interaction data can be taken into account using the method of mirror imaging on a sphere, when the interaction energy of an electron with a vacuum field is taken into account by the interaction with a second electron mapped onto the sphere with mass m _e and charge e. In this case, the perturbing vacuum creates the gravitational fundamental electron in the vacuum φ = C ² from (15) and electric φ _e potentials, which determine the energy of the gravitational and electric fields of the electron

In fact, when deriving (78), the method of renormalization of the gravitational potential was applied when the fictitious Newtonian potential is renormalized by the actual gravitational potential C ^{2 of a} spherically deformed vacuum field (Fig. 2).

As can be seen from (78), the expression of the energy of the gravitational field of an electron, taking into account the spherical deformation of the vacuum, differs significantly from the known expression (75), and the energy of the electric field (79) completely coincides with (76). The paradox is that the energy of the gravitational field, like the energy of the electric field, is determined by the magnitude of the potential, which for the gravitational field decreases when approaching the gravitational interface of the medium (Fig. 2). In this case, the Newtonian potential actually acts as a fictitious potential, and the actual potential of the vacuum field is determined by C ² .

Из (80) находим точное значение классического радиуса электрона

Учитывая, что вторая компонента, входящая в (81), определяет гравитационный радиус (10) электрона, который несоизмеримо мал по сравнению с первой компонентой, обычно классический радиус электрона имеет упрощенную запись

По сути дела гравитационный потенциал С_o ² вакуумного поля выступает в (80) в роли калибровочного потенциала, уравнивающего энергию гравитационного и электрического полей электрона. И все же во всех представленных выше рассуждениях имеется определенная некорректность по отношению не к математике, а самой физике явления. Энергия гравитационного поля электрона в соответствии с (78) практически не зависит от расстояния до самого электрона и на бесконечности равна m_eC_o ², то есть действие гравитационного поля электрона распространяется на бесконечность без ослабления.But expressions (78) and (79) are already comparable in magnitude of energy and have a common point of intersection of the distance dependences, taken as the classical electron radius r _e , when the energy of the gravitational field is completely equalized with the energy of the field of a free electric electron in vacuum, that is, W _m = W _e

From (80) we find the exact value of the classical electron radius

Given that the second component in (81) determines the gravitational radius (10) of the electron, which is incommensurably small compared to the first component, usually the classical electron radius has a simplified notation

In fact, the gravitational potential C _o ^{2 of a} vacuum field appears in (80) as a gauge potential equalizing the energy of the gravitational and electric fields of an electron. And yet in all the arguments presented above there is a certain incorrectness in relation not to mathematics, but to the physics of the phenomenon itself. The energy of the gravitational field of the electron in accordance with (78) is practically independent of the distance to the electron itself and is equal to m _e C _o ² at infinity, that is, the action of the gravitational field of the electron extends to infinity without attenuation.

С учетом (84) из (78) определяем действительную энергию гравитационного поля электрона, эквивалентную его электрической энергии (76)

Выражение (85) определяет распределение гравитационной энергии электрона в вакуумном поле. Как видно из (85), в пределах границы классического радиуса электрона при r=r_е его гравитационная энергия соответствует энергии покоя m_eC_o ², и по мере удаления от электрона энергия его гравитационного поля ослабевает обратно пропорционально расстоянию, как и энергия электрического поля.This drawback of the theory of gravitational potentials is eliminated as a result of further application of the method of renormalization of the gravitational potential. Given the equivalence of the energies of the gravitational (78) and electric (79) fields, we find the expression for the real potential C ² satisfying the condition of equivalence of the energies of the gravitational and electric fields
m _e C ² = eφ _e (83)
From (83), taking into account (82), we find the value of the real potential C ² expressed in terms of the classical electron radius

Taking into account (84) from (78), we determine the actual energy of the gravitational field of the electron, equivalent to its electric energy (76)

Expression (85) determines the distribution of gravitational energy of an electron in a vacuum field. As can be seen from (85), within the boundary of the classical electron radius at r = r _e, its gravitational energy corresponds to the rest energy m _e C _o ² , and as it moves away from the electron, the energy of its gravitational field weakens inversely with the distance, as does the energy of the electric field .

Естественно, что проведенные расчеты эквивалентности энергии гравитационного и электрического полей электрона с учетом электромагнитной структуры вакуумного поля позволяют раскрыть структуру самого электрона, которая позволяет более глубже понять формирование в вакууме электромагнитных и гравитационных волновых процессов. Впервые раскрыт феномен образования самой массы в вакуумном поле при его сферической деформации.In this regard, the classical electron radius r _e performs the function of the gravitational boundary R _s of the medium (Fig. 2). In the general case, the energy distribution of the particle’s gravitational field can be written taking into account its gravitational boundary

Naturally, the calculations of the equivalence of the energy of the gravitational and electric fields of an electron, taking into account the electromagnetic structure of the vacuum field, allow us to reveal the structure of the electron itself, which allows us to better understand the formation of electromagnetic and gravitational wave processes in a vacuum. The phenomenon of the formation of the mass itself in a vacuum field during its spherical deformation is first revealed.

As was shown, the vacuum field is a static electromagnetic field densely filled with quantons with a resolution of about 10 ^-25 m (Fig. 8). Now imagine that a massless electric monopole charge of negative polarity (-1e) was introduced into the vacuum field. Such a situation actually arises when a pair of particles: an electron and a positron are born in a vacuum field. Naturally, the vacuum field will react to the introduction of an electric monopole, primarily electric polarization.

 Indeed, the radial electric field of the monopoly charge will try to deploy the quantons with the electric axis along the radial electric field line and stretch the quanton along the electric axis, showing signs of orientation and deformation polarization (Fig. 11). As can be seen, in the immediate vicinity of the monopole charge in the region of a very strong electric field, the polarization orientation of the quantons by the electric axis in the direction of the radial field of the monopole charge forms a magnetic field closed in a sphere.

Замкнутое по сфере магнитное поле также производит действие на квантоны, стягивая их к центру монопольного заряда e с силой N_g

Разделив (88) на (87), с учетом (53) получаем соотношение, из которого следует, что доминирующим фактором в стягивании квантонов к центру монопольного заряда является индуцированное магнитное поле, замкнутое по сфере при r = r_е (82)

Таким образом, замкнутое по сфере индуцированное магнитное поле производит сферическую деформацию вакуумного поля, формируя массу электрона, структура которого представлена на фиг.12. В центре электрона расположено ядро в виде центрального монопольного заряда. Вокруг монопольного заряда формируется область сферической деформации вакуумного поля, гравитационная граница которой не имеет четко выраженного раздела и как бы "размазана" относительно классического радиуса электрона, образуя переходную область. Далее наступает область разряжения вакуумного поля.The calculations show that the inhomogeneous electric field of the monopole charge creates a gradient force F _e acting on the quanton and directed along the radius to the center of the monopole charge e

A magnetic field closed in a sphere also acts on quantons, pulling them to the center of a monopoly charge e with a force N _g

Dividing (88) by (87), taking (53) into account, we obtain the relation from which it follows that the dominant factor in the contraction of quantons to the center of the monopole charge is the induced magnetic field closed in the sphere at r = r _е (82)

Thus, an induced magnetic field closed in a sphere produces spherical deformation of the vacuum field, forming the mass of the electron, the structure of which is shown in Fig. 12. In the center of the electron is the core in the form of a central monopole charge. Around the monopole charge, a region of spherical deformation of the vacuum field is formed, the gravitational boundary of which does not have a distinct section and is “smeared” with respect to the classical radius of the electron, forming a transition region. Next comes the vacuum field vacuum region.

The spherically closed magnetic field of the electron is a physical analogue of the spin (similar to the anapole moment, only more complex), endowing the electron with both electrical and magnetic properties, which can be expressed by the complex charge q _e (i is the imaginary unit)
q _e = e + ig. (90)
Expression (90) allows us to calculate the electric and magnetic parameters of the electron fields in the appropriate units of measurement, considering the magnetic component as imaginary. Unit of measure (90) can be reduced to a single value through (53). In any case, vector analysis in field theory should be supplemented with new functions that describe spherically closed fields (spherA ₁ ), induced by radial fields (radA ₂ ), connected by certain relations between themselves (where A is the intensity vector).

Отличие радиального электрического поля электрона от его сферического магнитного поля заключается в том, что электрическое поле нарушает электрическое равновесие вакуумного поля и проявляется внешне (может быть измерено), а сферическое магнитное поле не нарушает магнитного равновесия среды, а ведет лишь к изменению топологии вакуумного поля, обеспечивая сферически замкнутую магнитно уравновешенную систему.In this case, the electron field can be described by the complex intensity E + iH, the parameters of which are related to each other by the relation
radE = -C ₀ μ ₀ spher (iH) (91)
The imaginary unit in (91) indicates that the vector H is orthogonal to the vector E, i.e., H┴E. From (90) or (91) we find the imaginary value of the intensity of the spherical magnetic field of the electron

The difference between the radial electric field of an electron and its spherical magnetic field is that the electric field violates the electric equilibrium of the vacuum field and appears externally (can be measured), and the spherical magnetic field does not disturb the magnetic equilibrium of the medium, but only leads to a change in the topology of the vacuum field, providing a spherically closed magnetically balanced system.

 With the relative motion of the electron in an external magnetic field, a violation of the spherical symmetry of its magnetic field is observed, and it transforms into a rotary field (48). It can be assumed that the accelerated motion of an electron (and motion in jumps), as well as relative to another electron (proton, etc.), leads to a violation of the spherical symmetry of the electron’s magnetic field. When the electron moves uniformly in a vacuum field unperturbed by other fields, violation of the spherical symmetry of the electron’s magnetic field should not be observed.

 The motion of an electron in space is associated with the transfer of its monopoly charge and the transfer of fields: electric, magnetic, gravitational. Moreover, the energies of each of these fields are equivalent to each other. The summation of the field energies is unacceptable, since each of the energies is a manifestation of the same essence associated with the primary electric polarization of the vacuum field, the subsequent induction of a spherical magnetic field and the formation of a gravitational field in the form of a spherical deformation of the vacuum, which manifests itself as the mass of an electron.

 With increasing electron velocity in a vacuum field, the monopole charge begins to interact with an increasing number of quantons, intensifying the polarization processes of the vacuum field and thereby ultimately increasing the mass of the electron. In [7], the radiation of an orbital electron as a result of a defect in its mass, as well as the structure of a positron and nucleons, were considered.

 Gravitational waves differ significantly from traditional transverse electromagnetic waves in their properties, but they have one nature associated with wave manifestations of a vacuum field. In the experiments of Weinik (Fig. 1), the change in time in space is not associated with the effect of the flow of hypothetical chronons on the quartz plate. The change in time is associated with the deformation of space-time (vacuum field) as a result of deformation of a substance with a change in mechanical stresses in it, as well as at the moment of phase transitions of one state of matter to another, leading to the generation of longitudinal gravitational waves in a vacuum field.

где m_о - масса покоя частицы, кг.This is due to the fact that the structure of the substance is inextricably linked with the structure of the vacuum, since the birth of mass m is due to the spherical deformation of the elastic vacuum, starting from the level of elementary particles. This conclusion follows from the Poisson equation (6) with (35) taken into account when passing to the theorem
Gauss, determining mass by the flow of the deformation vector (35) penetrating surface S in a spherically deformed vacuum

where m _o - rest mass of a particle, kg.

 A small change in mass was experimentally established during static deformation of the sample of the substance itself (see Gorokhov V.M., Doroshkevich E.A., Leutin V.M. Effect of deformation-gravimetric interaction in solids during their deformation and destruction. - News of the National Academy of Sciences Belarus, Ser.Fiz.-Tech. Sciences, 1998, 2, pp. 107-114) [18].

Для возбуждения в вакууме продольных колебаний квантовой плотности среды как изменение потока вектора деформации (94) необходимо периодически изменять компоненту возмущения Δ(m₀γ_n). Очевидно, что это можно сделать за счет изменения массы образца и/или направления и величины его скорости, входящей в нормализованный релятивистский фактор (23). В области нерелятивистских скоростей для возбуждения продольных колебаний вакуума основополагающим является изменение массы Δm образца, которое в идеальном случае можно описать периодическим законом как изменение амплитуды Δm_a, принимая таким образом тело с переменной массой за источник гравитационных волн
Δm = Δm_asinωt (95)
Такой подход позволяет записать волновое уравнение гравитационной волны через квантовую плотность среды ρ в упругом вакууме, представляя гравитационные волны как перемещающиеся области продольного сжатия и разряжения квантовой плотности среды в вакууме от источника (95) со скоростью С

В идеальном случае генерирование гравитационных волн желательно производить не источником (95), а идеальным источником (43). Однако данная задача требует своего технического решения и пока не реализована на практике.The vacuum deformation vector D is directed along the radius from the center of mass of each elementary particle in the sample of matter and is generally determined by the principle of superposition. For this reason, a change in the mass of the sample during deformation of the substance leads to a change in the vector ΔD _a (perturbation amplitude) of the elastic vacuum outside the sample, changing the total longitudinal flow Ψ of the deformation vector of the perturbed vacuum penetrating the closed surface around the sample, for example, according to the harmonic law

In order to excite longitudinal vibrations of the quantum density of the medium in a vacuum as a change in the strain vector flux (94), it is necessary to periodically change the perturbation component Δ (m ₀ γ _n ). Obviously, this can be done by changing the mass of the sample and / or the direction and magnitude of its velocity, which is part of the normalized relativistic factor (23). In the field of nonrelativistic velocities, for the excitation of longitudinal oscillations of vacuum, the fundamental change is the mass Δm of the sample, which in the ideal case can be described by a periodic law as a change in the amplitude Δm _a , thus taking a body with variable mass as a source of gravitational waves
Δm = Δm _a sinωt (95)
This approach allows us to write the wave equation of the gravitational wave through the quantum density of the medium ρ in an elastic vacuum, representing gravitational waves as moving regions of longitudinal compression and discharge of the quantum density of the medium in vacuum from the source (95) at a speed C

In the ideal case, the generation of gravitational waves is desirable not to produce a source (95), but an ideal source (43). However, this task requires its technical solution and has not yet been implemented in practice.

 When the sample is deformed, small changes in its mass lead to excitation in a vacuum of longitudinal vibrations of the medium in the form of gravitational waves, which were recorded in the experiments of Weinik on changing the frequency of oscillations of a quartz plate as a change in time. Given the inhomogeneity of the sample material, it can be assumed that during its deformation loading, many local zones (dislocations) arise inside the sample that can excite gravitational waves, forming their damped spectrum.

 Judging by the decrease in the frequency of quartz in the experiment of Fig. 1, under the influence of a gravitational wave, a certain asymmetry is observed, apparently due to the anisotropic susceptibility of quartz to a part of a wave with a discharged quantum density of the medium. The instability of the results of measurements of the frequency of quartz is apparently explained by the shock action of a gravitational wave excited by a non-periodic change in the deformation state of the sample, including the effect of a random phase shift between oscillations, which lead to stochastic beatings of frequencies, but so far do not allow us to judge the exact frequency of the gravitational wave, and only about the time of restoration of the deformation equilibrium of the sample after unloading. It can be assumed that the frequency of gravitational radiation lies in the region of radio frequencies and in the experiments of Weinik is in the frequency range of less than 10 MHz.

The source of the gravitational wave is the perturbation component Δ (m ₀ γ _n ) in (94), inside which the acceleration factor is determined by the change in velocity in γ _n (23). This factor can be significant if the body very quickly picks up speed close to the speed of light, and also quickly reduces it in the opposite direction, repeating the process cyclically. Such natural objects in nature have not yet been discovered, and their artificial creation is not possible. The bremsstrahlung of a relativistic electron is known, but it lies in the region of the electromagnetic range of x-ray and gamma radiation.

 As analysis shows, the source of gravitational waves can mainly be only the oscillating mass (95). The defect of variable mass observed in this case lies in the frequency region much lower than the frequencies of the quantum manifestations of electromagnetic radiation. For this reason, the oscillating mass in the regime of gravitational radiation does not emit photon radiation, which is observed, for example, as a result of a defect in the mass of the orbital electron upon transition to a stationary orbit in the atom, determining the equivalence of gravitational and electromagnetic energy [7].

In the general case, the presence of an elastic static electromagnetic structure of a vacuum field allows us to consider three types of wave disturbances and their combinations:
1. Transverse vibrations. This type of oscillation in a vacuum is manifested in the form of an electromagnetic wave due to the electric and magnetic polarization of the vacuum (electric and magnetic bias currents). Since electromagnetic waves do not change the quantum density of the medium, these waves appear only as transverse waves.

2. Longitudinal vibrations. This type of oscillation in a vacuum manifests itself in the form of a gravitational wave. The gravitational wave is formed by longitudinal periodic displacements of the zones of compression and rarefaction of the quantum density of the medium in vacuum and is described by the wave equation (96). It is convenient to represent solution (96) as a change in harmonic law of the magnitude and direction of the instantaneous value of the longitudinal strain vector ΔD _{r of the} vacuum, for example, at a distance r from the radiation source (for amplitude ΔD _a and phase shift θ)
ΔD _r = ΔD _a sin (ωt-θ) (97)
3. Torsional vibrations. This complex type of oscillations in an elastic vacuum, apparently, contains the main tangential (transverse) component that forms the rotor of the deformation vector rotD in the medium in combination with the radial (longitudinal) component, representing a kind of gravitational wave.

 All types of oscillations in an elastic vacuum can be considered as quantum fluctuations of a balanced vacuum field as a result of a violation of the established equilibrium [10, 19].

 Thus, the above detailed analysis of wave processes in a vacuum field allows one to scientifically substantiate the proposed method for generating and receiving gravitational waves as longitudinal perturbations of a vacuum field caused by deformation of an elastic quantized medium in the form of compression and rarefaction zones. A gravitational wave is a movement in space with the speed of light of the zones of compression and discharging of an elastic quantized medium. The compression and rarefaction zones of an elastic quantized medium are clusters and rarefactions of the quantum density of a vacuum field medium, characterized by the presence in the vacuum field of zones of periodically changing gradients of the quantum density of the medium. The gradient of the quantum density of the medium characterizes the deformation of the vacuum field, the vector of which coincides with the propagation velocity vector of the gravitational wave, but the strain vector changes its direction depending on the direction of the gradient of the quantum density of the medium in the compression and discharge zones of the quantum density of the vacuum field medium.

 To obtain a continuous gravitational wave with a harmonic change in the deformation vector of the vacuum field in the direction of wave propagation, it is necessary to redistribute the quantum density of the medium in space due to the periodic displacement of quantons in the vacuum field relative to the equilibrium state of the vacuum field in the direction of wave propagation. This became possible due to the disclosure of the structure of the vacuum field in the theory of UKS, including the structure of the quanton itself (Fig.7).

To redistribute the quantum density of the medium inside the vacuum field, it is necessary to cause gradient forces that can shift the quantons in one direction, providing a gradient of the quantum density of the medium. Presented in FIG. 7, the quanton scheme allows us to consider it as two dipoles: magnetic and electric, with dipole moments p _g and р _е, respectively, whose magnetic and electric axes are orthogonal to each other.

A magnetic dipole in an inhomogeneous magnetic field of intensity H is affected by a gradient force F _g directed to the region of highest magnetic field strength. An electric dipole in an inhomogeneous electric field of intensity E is affected by a gradient force F _e directed to the region of greatest electric field strength (see I. Tamm, Fundamentals of the Theory of Electricity. Tenth Edition. - M.: Nauka, 1989, p. 241, 118 ) [20]
F _g = p _g grad (μ ₀ H) + p _g rot (μ ₀ H _i ) (98)
F _e = p _e grad (E) + p _e rot (E _i ) (99)
Expressions (98) and (99) additionally include the intensities of the magnetic H _i and electric E _i fields induced by the vortex nature of the fields during rotation of the vectors H and E.

In general, expressions (98) and (99) determine the magnitude and direction of the gradient forces F _g and F _e in the form of a scalar product of incoming vectors. In the absence of a variable nature of the fields, as a result of their rotation, the component with rotors in (98) and (99) disappears, determining the purely static character of the dipole interaction in a gradient inhomogeneous field.

In FIG. 13 is a diagram of the occurrence of a gradient force F _g acting on a magnetic dipole 6 of quanton 7 in an inhomogeneous magnetic field of a magnetic system 8, the poles of which 9 (+ N) and 10 (-S) are angled to each other. The magnetic dipole 6 is oriented along the field line of an inhomogeneous magnetic field and is affected by the forces F _g ⁺ and F _g ^- on the magnetic charges inside the quanton 7 from the magnetic poles 9 (+ N) and 10 (-S) of system 8. The gradient force F _g is resulting forces F _g ⁺ and F _g ^- .

In FIG. 14 is a diagram of the occurrence of a gradient force F _e acting on an electric dipole 11 of quanton 7 in an inhomogeneous electric field of a system of electrodes 12 of opposite polarity 13 (+) and 14 (-), mounted at an angle to each other. The electric dipole 11 is oriented along the force line of an inhomogeneous electric field and is affected by the forces F _e ⁺ and F _e ^- on the electric charges inside the quanton 7 from the electrodes 13 (+) and 14 (-) of the system 12. The gradient force F _e is the resultant force F _e ⁺ and F _e ^- .

Naturally, in the diagrams of FIG. 13 and 14, the quanton is enlarged so that it is possible to discern the interaction of the quanton charges with external magnetic and electric fields. In fact, the size of the quanton is very small and is about 10 ^-25 m.

 The direct effect on the vacuum field by the system of inhomogeneous magnetic and electric fields shown in FIG. 13 and 14, is not so effective in comparison with the effect of fields on a working fluid with magnetic and electrical (dielectric) properties. Since the working fluid, as shown above, is formed from a vacuum field as a result of its spherical deformation by elementary particles, the real body, in the end, is a bunch of a vacuum field consisting of a large number of quantons, and the action of a system of inhomogeneous fields leads to a displacement quantons into the region of greatest field strength, realizing a redistribution of the quantum density of the medium.

 In FIG. 15, the working fluid 15 is in an inhomogeneous magnetic field created by the magnetic system 8 with the field winding 16 and the poles 9 and 10. The shape of the working fluid 15 corresponds to the configuration of the magnetic system 8, covering the working fluid with a minimum gap. The lines of force of the gradient magnetic field of the magnetic system 8 are concentrated in the region of greatest field strength.

The concentration of the magnetic flux in the region of maximum magnetic field strength is due to the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field, providing a gradient effect on the quantons inside the working fluid 15. The gradient forces acting on the quantons (indicated by dots) are directed along the arrows to the region of the highest magnetic field strength, providing a redistribution of the quantum density of the medium within the working body 15. in this quanton displaced to the greatest intensity of the magnetic field, creating a deformation vector va D ₂ Uspekhi Mat field within the working body 15 in the direction opposite to the displacement quantons.

 In FIG. 16, the working fluid 15 is in an inhomogeneous electric field created by a system of electrodes 12 of opposite polarity 13 (+) and 14 (-), which are installed at an angle to each other with a minimum air gap. The shape of the working fluid 15 corresponds to the configuration of the system of electrodes 18 covering the working fluid. The electrodes 13 and 14 are mounted using an insulator 18. The force lines of the gradient electric field intensity of the electrode system 12 are concentrated in the region of greatest tension.

The concentration of the electric flow in the region of maximum electric field strength is due to the inhomogeneity of the electric field, providing a gradient effect on the quantons inside the working fluid 15. The gradient forces acting on the quantons (indicated by dots) are directed along the arrows to the region of the highest electric field strength, providing a redistribution of the quantum density of the medium inside the working fluid 15. At the same time, the quantons are shifted to the region of greatest electric field strength, creating Ktorov deformation D ₂ vacuum field within the working body 15 in the direction opposite to the displacement quantons.

 Further, a combination of the actions of gradient magnetic and electric fields on the working fluid 15 is required. A simple combination of FIG. 15 and 16 will not give the expected result, since the electric axes of the quantons are orthogonal to each other. Therefore, the magnetic and electric fields in space must be separated so that their intensity vectors are also orthogonal to each other, and the inhomogeneous electric and magnetic fields themselves are crossed.

 For inhomogeneous magnetic or electric fields, the intensity vectors are directed along the lines of force and are not parallel to each other. Therefore, the orthogonality of the vectors of electric and magnetic fields can be discussed as the orthogonality of the main intensity vectors. By the main tension vector we mean the vector connecting the poles of a magnetic system or a system of bipolar electrodes along the shortest line, which is a straight line. In the general case, the presented picture of the fields is a system of electric and magnetic crossing fields.

In FIG. 17 shows the combined effect of magnetic and electric fields on the working fluid 21 in cross section under the condition of orthogonality of the intensity vectors E┴H. Consider the section of FIG. 15 and 16 and rotate the system of electrodes 12 in space by 90 ^o , ensuring the crossing of the fields. As a result, we find that the magnetic poles 9 and 10 create a magnetic field, the main vector of intensity H of which is orthogonal to the main vector of electric field strength E created by electrodes 13 and 14. Since the electrodes 13 and 14 are under high electric voltage, they are equipped with gradient electrodes 19 eliminating the concentration of electric field strength on electrodes with sharp edges.

To enhance gravitational radiation, it is proposed to provide rotation of the fields of a system of inhomogeneous magnetic and electric crossing fields. To this end, it is proposed to ensure the rotation of the field system and / or the working fluid 15 with the rotation frequency ω ₁ relative to the axis 17 directed along the deformation vector D _{2 of the} vacuum field (Fig. 15-17). In this case, additional forces appear that act on the quantons and are determined by the rotors of the magnetic and electric fields (98) and (99), which provide an increase in the strain vector D ₂ . In General, the device that provides the formation, amplification and change of the deformation vector D ₂ is an activator of the vacuum field.

 The task of generating a continuous gravitational wave is reduced to creating an alternating strain vector in a vacuum field, which varies according to the harmonic law (97). For this, it is necessary to create conditions not only for retracting quantons into the region of maximum field strength, but also for pushing them out, ensuring the cyclicity of the process, alternating pulling with pushing out. This is achieved by the fact that, first, the working fluid 15 is exposed to static magnetic and electric fields when the winding 16 of the magnetic system 8 is supplied with direct current (or the use of permanent magnets) and the system of bipolar electrodes 12 is supplied with constant voltage. This ensures the retraction of quantons in the region of maximum field strength.

 To ensure the expulsion of quantons from the region of maximum field strength, it is necessary to remove the field strength itself, for example, using pulse power. But the best option is to superimpose on a static field, created by a system of inhomogeneous electric and magnetic crossing fields, an additional variable harmonic component at the carrier frequency of the field, providing periodic retraction and pushing of quantons from the region of maximum tension of the working fluid, exciting harmonic gravitational waves in the vacuum field.

 The presence in the vacuum field of a continuous harmonic gravitational wave makes it possible to form a stable communication channel using a gravitational wave receiver identical to the radiation source. To transmit a useful signal, it is proposed to modulate the carrier frequency of the field in the transmitter of the gravitational wave itself by acting on the working medium, which is a gravitational antenna, by the field of the carrier frequency.

 Upon reaching the gravitational wave of the receiver in the working fluid, which acts as a receiving antenna, there is a change in the electrical and magnetic properties of the working fluid. These changes in the properties of the working fluid make it possible to convert the energy of the gravitational wave into an electrical signal. By filtering the electric signal at the resonant frequency of the gravitational wave with the help of a tunable receiver oscillatory circuit and ensuring its detection, a useful electric signal is obtained at the output of the gravitational wave receiver.

 As an example of the implementation of the proposed method for generating and receiving gravitational waves in FIG. 18 shows a communication channel (additionally FIG. 19) operating in a wide frequency range of longitudinal gravitational waves.

 The communication channel includes a transmitter 20 and a receiver 21 of gravitational waves, made in an identical manner and including a gravitational antenna 22, direct current sources, high voltage direct current sources (not shown). The working fluid 15, the magnetic system 8 and the system of bipolar electrodes 12 are a gravitational antenna 22. The system of bipolar electrodes 12 is powered by a high-voltage direct current source (not shown in FIG. 18) through terminal 23 and a choke 24 restricting the flow of high-frequency currents to the power source. The power of the magnetic system 8 is provided from a direct current source (not shown in FIG. 18) through terminal 25 and an inductive choke 26, restricting the flow of high-frequency currents to the power source. In addition, the circuit provides an electric drive (not shown in FIG. 18) for rotating the working fluid 15.

 To create a harmonic gravitational wave, it is necessary to impose a variable field on the static field, capable of exciting the reciprocating motion of the quantons inside the working fluid 15 in the direction of the deformation vector of the vacuum field. This is achieved by the fact that from the master high-frequency generator (not shown in Fig. 18), the high-frequency voltage is supplied through the terminals 27 to the high-frequency transformer 28, the secondary windings of which 29 and 32, through the capacitors 30 and 31, feed the systems of bipolar electrodes 12 and the magnetic system 8. Capacitors 30 and 31 do not allow direct currents from voltage sources to penetrate into high-frequency circuits. The secondary high-voltage winding 29 of the high-frequency transformer 28 increases the supply voltage to the electrode system 12 to the desired value. The presence of a variable component of the electric and magnetic fields leads to the generation of gravitational waves emitted by the working fluid 15, the continuous signal of which can be modulated by the transmitted useful signal using amplitude, frequency, and phase modulation methods (the modulator is not shown in the drawing).

 A receiver 21 is used to receive a gravitational wave, in which a method for receiving gravitational waves is implemented, which involves converting longitudinal oscillations of a vacuum field by a gravitational wave into an electrical signal in a receiver 21. The power of the magnetic system 8 and the electrode system 12 of receiver 21 is similar to that of the transmitter 20. Longitudinal gravitational wave from the source 20 acts on the working fluid 15 of the receiver 21, causing in it high-frequency longitudinal oscillations of the quantum density of the medium. In the following description, the quantum density of the medium will be referred to as the density of the vacuum elastic medium. A change in the density of the vacuum elastic medium affects the electrical and magnetic properties of the material of the working fluid 15, causing changes in accordance with the frequency of the gravitational wave. Changes in the electrical and magnetic properties of the material of the working fluid lead to excitation in the magnetic system and electrode system of a variable component of electric and magnetic fields, inducing an alternating component of electric current on the electrode system 12 and in the winding of magnetic system 8, which is supplied to the primary component through filter capacitors 33 and 34 the winding 35 of the mixing high-frequency transformer 36, the secondary winding of which 37 and the capacitor 38 of variable capacitance form an electric oscillating circuit, which which tunes to the resonant frequency of the gravitational wave. The gravitational wave is converted in the receiver 21 into an electrical signal, which is removed from the terminals 39.

 If there is a modulated signal, an appropriate detector is connected to the output (terminal 39) of the receiver 21. In the diagram of FIG. 18, the correcting phase-rotation circuits, which are necessary in the circuits with inductive-capacitive elements and are designed to combine the phases of the high-frequency signals exciting the winding of the magnetic system 8, the electrode system 12 of the transmitter 20, and the signals converted by the receiver 21 of gravitational waves, are not shown.

 On Fig presents a diagram of the transmission of gravitational waves in the communication channel from the transmitter 20 and the receiver 21. Gravitational waves are the compression and extension zones of the quantum density of the medium in a vacuum field moving in the longitudinal direction, characterized by a longitudinal deformation vector of the vacuum field, indicated by arrows . As can be seen, the longitudinal gravitational wave differs significantly from the transverse electromagnetic wave (figure 10) in a vacuum field.

 Thus, the proposed method for generating and receiving gravitational waves is not only more effective than the known ones, but is also based on a high theoretical level, fully confirming the longitudinal nature of gravitational waves and convincingly substantiating all the distinguishing features of the present invention.

 The implementation of the proposed method for generating and receiving gravitational waves is considered in more detail using two specific devices (options) as an example.

 According to the first embodiment, a device for generating and receiving gravitational waves (Fig. 18) includes a spatially separated receiver 20 and a transmitter 21 of gravitational waves forming a communication channel. The receiver 20 and the transmitter 21 contain identical gravitational antennas 22.

The gravity antenna 22 (Fig. 20) includes a housing 40, a working fluid of rotation 41 with a shaft 42 and bearings 43, an electric motor 44 consisting of a rotor 45 and a stator 46, a magnetic system 8 with windings 47, a system of bipolar electrodes 12. The working fluid of rotation 41 the gravitational antenna 22 is made of a ferromagnetic dielectric material in the form of a body of revolution in the form of a truncated cone, the base of which is coaxially aligned with the rotor 45 of the electric motor 44. On the side of the cone of the working body of rotation 41, a magnetic system 8 with a winding is installed with a gap and a system of bipolar electrodes 12, covering the cone of the working fluid of rotation 41. A system of bipolar electrodes 12 is installed in the housing 40 on insulators 48 with a low relative permittivity (fluoroplastic, etc.). Moreover, the poles of the magnetic system 8 are rotated relative to the system of unlike electrodes 12 by an angle of 90 ^o so that the main vectors of the magnetic and electric fields remain orthogonal to each other (Fig. 22), forming a system of intersecting electric and magnetic fields. A gyromotor with an external charge rotor 45 and a short-circuited winding 49, a fixed charge stator 46 and a three-phase winding 50, powered by a high-frequency voltage converter, was used as an electric motor 44. As the electric motor 44, any suitable type of electric motor may be used.

 In addition, the transmitter 20 (Fig. 18) of gravitational waves includes a master high-frequency generator, a high-frequency generator modulator, a direct current source, a high-voltage direct current source (not shown in Fig. 18), two capacitors 29 and 31, two chokes 24 and 26 High-frequency transformer 28 with two secondary windings. The first secondary winding 32 is connected through a capacitor 31 to the magnetic system 8. The second secondary winding 29 is connected through a capacitor 30 to a system of bipolar electrodes 12. A inductor 24 connects a high voltage DC source through terminals 23 to a system of bipolar electrodes 12. A inductor 26 connects a DC source through terminals 25 with a winding of the magnetic system 8.

 The gravitational wave receiver 21 includes a gravitational antenna 22, a direct current source, a high voltage direct current source (not shown), an oscillating circuit, three capacitors 33, 34, 38, two high-frequency chokes 24 and 26, a high-frequency transformer 36, and a detector (in FIG. 18 is not shown). Inductor 24 connects the DC voltage source through terminals 23 to a system of bipolar electrodes 12. Inductor 26 connects a DC source through terminals 25 to the coil of magnetic system 8. Capacitor 34 connects the winding of magnetic system 8 to the primary winding 35 of high-frequency transformer 36. Capacitor 33 connects systems of bipolar electrodes 12 with a primary winding 35 of a high-frequency transformer 36. The oscillating circuit is formed by the secondary winding 37 of a high-frequency transformer 36 and a capacitor 38. The capacitor 38 is a capacitor of variable capacitance and serves to adjust the oscillatory circuit to a specific resonant frequency. The signal is removed from the terminals 39 of the oscillatory circuit and fed to the detector and amplifier.

 A device for generating and receiving gravitational waves works as follows.

 The transmitter 20 generates a longitudinal gravitational wave. This is achieved by the fact that the working body of rotation 41 of the gravitational antenna 22 is first exposed to static magnetic and electric fields created by the magnetic system 8 and the system of bipolar electrodes 12, and then a variable modulated component from the master high-frequency generator and modulator is applied to the static field, causing variable deformations a vacuum field inside the working fluid 41, which excite longitudinal gravitational waves in a vacuum field. To enhance the gravitational wave, the working fluid of rotation 41 is brought into rotational motion from an electric motor.

 When the gravitational wave of the receiver 21 in the working fluid rotates 41 of the gravitational antenna 22, rotating in a static magnetic and electric field, excited by the magnetic system 8 and the electrode system 12, as a result of longitudinal deformation of the vacuum field, changes in the magnetic and electrical properties of the material of the working fluid, from which the working fluid of rotation 41 is manufactured. As a result, in the winding of the magnetic system 8 and on the electrodes of the system of bipolar electrodes 12, an alternating component of one current and voltage with a frequency gravitational waves. An oscillating circuit from a winding 37 and a variable capacitor 38 connected to a magnetic system 8 and a system of bipolar electrodes 12 operates as a filter, isolating the variable component of the signal. A detector is used to isolate the useful modulated signal. From the detector, if necessary, a useful signal is fed to an electronic amplifier.

 According to the second embodiment, the device for generating and receiving gravitational waves (Fig. 28) includes a spatially spaced transmitter 62 and a receiver 70 of gravitational waves.

 The transmitter 62 and receiver 70 have gravitational antennas 63 and 71. The gravitational antenna 63 is transmitting, and the antenna 71 is receiving. Each gravity antenna 63 and 71 is equipped with a working fluid 51 and 56 made of dielectric and ferromagnetic materials, has a magnetic system with two windings 64, 65 and 57, 58, and windings 65 and 57 are magnetizing windings, and windings 64 and 58 are windings excitation, and has a system of bipolar electrodes 53 and 72.

 The gravitational antenna 63 (Fig.23, 24) of the transmitter 62 includes a working fluid 51, a magnetic system 52 with windings 64 and 65 (Fig.28), a potential electrode or a system of bipolar electrodes 53, a gyromotor 54, rotating relative to the axis 55. The working body 51 made of dielectric and ferromagnetic material in the form of a body of revolution in the form of a ring with a trapezoidal cross section, the apex of which is turned inward to the ring, and magnetization windings 65 and excitation 64 of the magnetic system 52 are uniformly laid on the inside of the working fluid 51. A potential electrode or electrode system 53 is included. Inside the ring of the working fluid 51, an electric drive is installed to rotate the gravitational antenna in the form of a gyromotor with an external rotor integrated inside the ring.

 The gravity antenna 71 (Fig.25-27) of the receiver 70 includes a working fluid 56, made in the form of a quadrangular pyramid, on the top of which there is a magnetic system with magnetization windings 57 and excitation 58, and a system of bipolar electrodes 59 is located inside the pyramid and on opposite sides and 60 with alternating polarity between them so that the vectors of the magnetic and electric fields inside the pyramid are orthogonal to each other.

 The transmitter 62 (Fig. 28) includes a gravitational antenna 63 that sets the high-frequency generator 67, a high-frequency generator modulator 68, a direct current source, a high-voltage direct current source (not shown), two high-frequency chokes 24 and 26, a capacitor 30, a high-frequency transformer 28 with three windings: primary 66, low voltage 32 and high voltage 29. The primary winding 66 is connected to a master high-frequency generator 67 through a modulator 68 of the high-frequency generator. The low voltage winding 32 is connected to the excitation winding 65 of the magnetic system 52. The high voltage winding 29 is connected via a capacitor 30 to a potential electrode or a system of bipolar electrodes 53. A direct current source is connected via terminal 23 and a high-frequency inductor 24 to the magnetizing winding 65 of the magnetic system 52. The high voltage source direct current through terminal 25 and a high-frequency inductor 26 is connected to a potential electrode or a system of bipolar electrodes 53.

 The receiver 70 (Fig. 28) includes a gravitational antenna 71, a direct current source, a high voltage direct current source (not shown), two oscillatory circuits, an inductor 73, two capacitors of variable capacitance 74 and 78, two high-frequency chokes 24 and 26 The inductor 24 connects the DC source through terminal 23 to the magnetization coil 57 of the magnetic system. Inductor 26 connects the DC high voltage source through terminal 25 to a system of bipolar electrodes 72 (59 and 60). The first oscillatory circuit is formed by an inductor 73 and a variable capacitor 74 and connected to a system of bipolar electrodes 72. The second oscillatory circuit is formed from an excitation coil 58 of the magnetic system and a variable capacitor 78. The output signal from the oscillatory circuits is supplied to the diodes 75 and 79 for detection and amplification by amplifiers 76 and 80. The amplified signal is removed from terminals 77 and 81.

 The implementation of the gravitational antenna 63 of the transmitter 62 in the form of a ring with a trapezoidal cross section, the apex of which is directed into the inside of the ring of the working fluid 51 from dielectric and ferromagnetic material, allows the formation of a toroidal magnetic field inside the ring, which is non-uniform with the maximum field strength directed into the inside of the ring. This allows you to create within the working fluid 51 forces displacing the quantons to the center of the ring. The electrode system 53 includes a potential electrode mounted inside the working fluid, and the winding 52, which is grounded, is simultaneously a low-potential electrode, creating a non-uniform electric field inside the working fluid 51, under the influence of which the quantons are also shifted to the center of the ring. When the working fluid 51 is rotated with a winding 52 and a system of electrodes 53 using a gyromotor 53 about an axis 54, centrifugal forces displace the quantons inside the ring to its periphery, straining the vacuum elastic medium. The radiation of gravitational waves by the antenna 63 is not so directed and covers most of the surface of the sphere, allowing you to set a large number of receivers in different directions.

 The implementation of the gravitational antenna 71 (Fig.25-27) of the receiver 70 of gravitational waves includes a working fluid 56, a magnetization winding 57, an output winding 58, a system of bipolar electrodes 59, a system of integrated electrodes 60. The working fluid 56 of the activator of the receiver 21 of the gravitational waves is made of ferromagnetic dielectric material in the form of a quadrangular pyramid, while on the side of the top of the pyramid there is a magnetic system with windings 57 and 58 and a system of external bipolar electrodes 59, covering opposite faces of the pyramids ides so that the main vectors of the magnetic and electric fields remain orthogonal to each other. Inside the pyramid’s working fluid 56, additional electrodes 60 are mounted, connected to external electrodes with alternating polarity between them using busbars 61.

 The implementation of the gravitational antenna 71 (Fig.25-27) of the receiver 70 of gravitational waves in the form of a pyramid allows you to concentrate the intensity of the magnetic and electric fields in the region of the apex of the pyramid. The presence of a plurality of electrodes with alternating polarity inside the working fluid 56 of the gravitational antenna makes it possible to obtain high electric field strengths in the pyramid working fluid at low voltages. The absence of rotating parts in the gravitational antenna allows you to make it more compact. This is especially important for small mobile receivers.

 A device for generating and receiving gravitational waves according to option 2 works as follows.

 In the transmitter 62, the high-frequency modulated transmitted signal from the high-frequency generator 67 through the high-frequency generator modulator 68 is supplied to the primary winding 66 of the high-frequency transformer 28. From the high-frequency transformer 28, the signal is supplied to the gravitational antenna 63 by connecting the low-voltage winding 32 to the excitation winding 64 of the magnetic system 52 and connecting high-voltage winding 29 through a capacitor 30 with a potential electrode or a system of bipolar electrodes 53 of a gravitational antenna s transmitter.

 Previously, the gravitational antenna 63 of the transmitter 62 is exposed to static magnetic and electric fields excited by a magnetizing coil 65 and a potential electrode or a system of bipolar electrodes 53. For this, the magnetizing coil 65 is fed from a direct current source through a high-frequency inductor 24 and terminal 23, and onto the potential electrode or a system of bipolar electrodes 53 supplies high voltage from a high-voltage direct current source through a high-frequency inductor 26 and terminal 25.

 As a result of these actions in the working fluid 51 in the form of a ring (Fig. 23, 24) of the gravitational antenna 63 of the transmitter 62, longitudinal gravitational waves are modulated by the transmitted signal. This is achieved by the fact that in a vacuum elastic medium inside the ring of the transmitter’s gravitational antenna, fluctuations in the density of the vacuum elastic medium are created, which propagate outside the gravitational antenna into the surrounding space in the form of a gravitational wave.

 Upon reaching the gravitational wave of the gravitational antenna 71 of the receiver 70 in the working fluid 56 located in a static magnetic and electric fields excited by the winding 57 and the electrode system 59-60 (or 72), the magnetic and electrical properties of the material change as a result of longitudinal deformation of the vacuum elastic medium working body of the gravitational receiver antenna. As a result, an alternating component of electric current and voltage with the frequency of the gravitational wave is induced in the winding 58 and on the electrodes of the system of bipolar electrodes 59-60. To select a useful signal, two oscillatory circuits are used, which are tuned into resonance with the frequency of the gravitational wave by capacitors 74 and 78 of variable capacitance. To isolate and detect a useful modulated signal, diodes 75 and 79 are used. From diodes 75 and 79, the signal is fed to electronic amplifiers 76 and 80 and removed from terminals 77 and 81.

 Using the proposed technical solution allows you to generate and receive longitudinal gravitational waves and create new information channels for mobile communications, as well as for radio, television and the Internet; including communication channels passing through conductive media such as metal screens, water, and earth.

 In addition, the expansion of the scope of the proposed technical solution allows: non-destructive testing of metals, composites and materials in various industries and transport, as well as monitoring the fatigue of metals and composites in critical conditions before failure, to monitor and control the processes of melting and solidification of metal in black and non-ferrous metallurgy; search for minerals in geological exploration; predict earthquakes and other disasters in meteorology; register gravitational waves from cosmological objects in astrophysics and communicate with extraterrestrial civilizations; to diagnose the state of biological systems in medicine and biology and be used for medical and other purposes.

 This technical solution is unknown by available sources of information and is pioneering.

Literature
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 2. Amaldi, Pizella G. Search for gravitational waves. In the book: "Astrophysics, quanta and the theory of relativity." - M :. Mir, 1982, pp. 241-396, 259, 270, 280, Fig. 4.2.

 3. Grischuk L.P., Lipunov V.N., Postnov K.A. Gravitational-wave astronomy: in anticipation of the first registered source. - Advances in Physical Sciences, 2001, 1, pp. 3-59.

 4. Veinik A.I. Thermodynamics of real processes. - Minsk: Science and Technology, 1991, pp. 387-391, Fig. 15 and 16.

 5. Veinik A.I., Komlik S.F. Comprehensive determination of the chronophysical properties of materials. - Minsk: Science and Technology, 1992, pp. 24-31, Fig. 1.5 and 1.6.

 6. Leonov B.C. The theory of elastic quantized medium. Part 2. New sources of energy. - Minsk: Polybig, 1997, p. 116.

 7. Leonov B. C. Four reports on the theory of elastic quantized medium (UKS). (A separate publication based on the materials of the 6th conference of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Modern problems of natural science"). - St. Petersburg, 2000, pp. 3-65.

 8. Minkowski G. Space and time. In: The Principle of Relativity. - M .: Atomizdat, 1973, pp. 167-180.

 9. Poincare A. On the dynamics of an electron. In the book: The principle of relativity. - M.: Atomizdat, 1973, pp. 133-134.

 10. Sakharov A. D. Vacuum quantum fluctuations in curved space and the theory of gravity. Doklady of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1967, volume 177, 1, pp. 70-71.

 11. Novikov I.D. Gravity. Physical Encyclopedic Dictionary. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1984, p. 772.

 12. Dmitriev V.P. Elastic model of physical vacuum. Proceedings of the RAS. Solid Mechanics, 1992, 6, pp. 66-79.

 13. Bessonov L.A. Theoretical foundations of electrical engineering (in three parts). Sixth Edition. - M.: Higher School, 1973, pp. 633-637.

 14. Monopol of Dirac (collection of articles). - M.: Mir, 1979, p. 27.

 15. Bogach V.A. The hypothesis of the existence of a static electromagnetic field and its properties. - Dubna: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 1996, preprint P13-96-463.

 16. Smirnov V. I. Experimental verification of the hypothesis of the existence of a static electromagnetic field. - Dubna: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 1999, preprint P13-99-7.

 17. Neganov B.S. On the existence in Lorentz mechanics of an absolute reference system. - Dubna: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 1998, preprint P2-98-217.

 18. Gorokhov V.M., Doroshkevich E.A., Leutin V.M. The effect of deformation-gravimetric interaction in solids during their deformation and destruction. - News of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Ser. physical Sciences, 1998, 2, pp. 107-114.

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Claims (3)

 1. A method of generating and receiving gravitational waves, including the formation of longitudinal gravitational waves in a vacuum elastic medium, characterized in that the formation of longitudinal gravitational waves in a vacuum elastic medium is performed by creating moving zones of compression and discharge of the vacuum elastic medium in a given direction of propagation of the gravitational wave, and the compression and rarefaction zones of the vacuum elastic medium form according to a harmonic law in the form of a sinusoidal or cosine change in the defect vector the formation of a vacuum elastic medium in a given direction of propagation of a gravitational wave due to periodic redistribution of the density of a vacuum elastic medium inside a gravitational antenna by exposure to a system of inhomogeneous electric and magnetic crossing fields, the intensity gradient of which is also set in a given direction of propagation of the gravitational wave, while the radiation of the gravitational wave is amplified by due to the use of rotating inhomogeneous electric and magnetic crossing of fields and / or as a result of rotation of the gravitational antenna, the communication channel is formed from identical transmitter and receiver of gravitational waves by additionally setting the modulated carrier frequency of oscillations in the system of inhomogeneous electric and magnetic crossing fields inside the gravitational antenna of the transmitter, and the subsequent conversion of the gravitational wave into an electromagnetic signal, allocated in the gravitational antenna of the receiver by filtering the transmitted signal and its detection.  2. The device for generating and receiving gravitational waves contains spatially spaced transmitter and receiver forming a communication channel, the transmitter and receiver containing identical gravitational antennas, including a housing, a rotational working fluid made of a truncated cone-shaped ferromagnetic material mounted on a shaft in bearings in the housing, a magnetic system with windings and a system of bipolar electrodes rotated in space at an angle to each other to form a crossing system electric and magnetic fields, covering the working fluid of the rotation of the gravitational antenna with a gap, the electric motor of the drive of the working fluid of rotation of the gravitational antenna, the rotor of the electric motor is coaxially aligned with the shaft of the working fluid of the gravitational antenna, while the transmitter additionally includes a master high-frequency generator, a high-frequency generator modulator, and a direct current source , DC high voltage source, two capacitors, two chokes, high-frequency transformer, one of the secondary the windings of which are connected through the first capacitor to the winding of the magnetic system, and the second secondary winding is connected through the second capacitor to the system of bipolar electrodes, while one of the chokes connects the direct current source to the winding of the magnetic system, and the second inductor connects the high voltage direct current source to the system of bipolar electrodes, the receiver further includes a direct current source, a high voltage direct current source, three capacitors, two chokes, one of the dros oil connects the direct current source to the winding of the magnetic system, and the second inductor connects the high voltage direct current source to the system of bipolar electrodes, the first capacitor connects the winding of the magnetic system to the primary winding of the high-frequency transformer, the second capacitor connects the system of bipolar electrodes to the primary winding of the high-frequency transformer, the third the capacitor is a capacitor of variable capacitance and is connected to the secondary winding of the high-frequency ransformatora forming an oscillatory circuit.  3. The device for generating and receiving gravitational waves contains spaced apart transmitter and receiver forming a communication channel, the transmitter and receiver containing gravitational antennas, one of them transmitting and the other receiving, each of the gravitational antennas equipped with a working fluid of dielectric ferromagnetic material , a magnetic system with two windings, one of the windings is a magnetization winding, and the second is an excitation winding, a system of bipolar electrodes, moreover, at a gravity transmitter the ion antenna has a working fluid made in the form of a ring-shaped body of revolution with a trapezoidal cross-section, the apex of which is turned into the inside of the ring, magnetization and excitation coils of the magnetic system are laid on the ring surface, equipped with an electric drive for rotating the gravitational antenna in the form of a gyromotor with an external rotor built-in inside the ring, has a potential electrode or a system of bipolar electrodes installed inside the ring, at the receiver the gravitational antenna has a working fluid made in the form a quadrangular pyramid, on the top of which the magnetic system is installed, and inside the pyramid and on opposite sides there is a system of bipolar electrodes with alternating polarity between them, so that the magnetic and electric field strength vectors inside the pyramid are orthogonal to each other, in addition, the transmitter additionally includes a master high-frequency generator, a high-frequency generator modulator, a direct current source, a high-voltage direct current source, two high-frequency inductor, capacitor, high-frequency transformer with three windings: primary, low-voltage and high-voltage, with the primary winding connected to a high-frequency generator, the low-voltage winding connected to the excitation winding of the magnetic system, the high-voltage winding connected through a capacitor to a potential electrode or a system of bipolar electrodes, and the source current is connected through one high-frequency inductor to the magnetization winding of the magnetic system, a high voltage source A DC link is connected through a second high-frequency inductor to a potential electrode or a system of bipolar electrodes, in addition, the receiver further includes a direct current source, a high voltage direct current source, two oscillatory circuits, an inductor, two capacitors of variable capacitance, two inductors, one of the inductors connects a direct current source to the winding of the magnetic system, and a second inductor connects a high voltage direct current source to a system of different polarities electrodes, the first oscillatory circuit is connected to a system of bipolar electrodes, includes an inductor and one capacitor of variable capacitance, the second oscillatory circuit is formed from the excitation winding of the magnetic system and the second capacitor of variable capacitance.

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