RU2182412C2 - Apparatus for separating light bulk mixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has flat electrodes arranged one above another at an angle one with respect to the other so that electrode spacing may be adjusted in the course of flow of material to be separated. Upper electrode lower surface is covered with dielectric. Lower electrode is arranged at an angle to horizontal plane, with electrode spacing reducing in the course of flow of material, and is overlapped with current-conductive conveyor belt extending transverse to lower electrode and arranged at the same angle to horizontal plane. Electrode with dielectric layer is located above conveyor for charging material to be separated. Apparatus may be used for separating seed mixtures due to electric properties of mixture components in electrostatic field. EFFECT: increased efficiency and improved quality of separated material. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, to a device for separating seed mixtures according to the electrical properties of their constituent components in an electric field.

 A device for separating grain mixtures by electrical properties, containing a longitudinally oscillating sieve with round holes and an electrode mounted above it, closed from below by a dielectric layer with a dielectric constant greater than unity, between which an electric field is created [1].

 The disadvantage of this device is that part of the particles can stick on the lattice, and part on the electrode, which complicates the separation.

 The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a device for electrostatic separation of bulk material, including a system of flat electrodes located one above the other. The electrodes are mounted at an angle to each other, with the lower electrode mounted horizontally, and the interelectrode distance increasing in the direction of movement of the material being separated. The device is used to separate particles of granular material having a circular shape [2].

 The disadvantage of this device is the low quality of the separation of particles of granular material having the shape of, for example, flattened ellipsoid and ball.

 The invention is aimed at improving the quality of separation of particles of granular material having the shape of, for example, flattened ellipsoid and ball.

 This is achieved by the fact that in the device for separating light bulk mixtures, including flat electrodes mounted one above the other at an angle with a change in the direction of movement of the material to be separated, the loading electrode, the upper electrode is closed from below by a dielectric layer, the lower electrode is installed at an angle to the horizontal with a decrease in the direction of movement of the shared material, the interelectrode distance and is partially blocked by a vehicle installed transversely to it and at the same angle to the horizon th of the conductive strip on which is mounted electrode with a dielectric material to charge shared.

 Figure 1 shows the device (view from the side of the inclined electrodes). Figure 2 shows the device (view from the side of the transverse conveyor).

 The device comprises an upper flat electrode 1 with a dielectric layer mounted at an angle to the lower electrode 2, which is installed at an angle to the horizon, a transverse conveyor 3, partially overlapping the electrode 2, with a tape of conductive material and an electric motor of the conveyor 4, receivers of separation products - receiver 5 for particles oriented in an electric field with a dielectric barrier 6 and a receiver 7 for particles not oriented in an electric field.

 The transverse conveyor 3 contains a loading device 4, which allows you to feed the seeds one after another, pre-charge them on the conveyor 4 thanks to the electrode 8 installed parallel to it, closed from below by a dielectric, to introduce them into the interelectrode space formed by electrode 1 with a dielectric layer and electrode 2, where seeds oriented by the electric field are removed, and non-oriented seeds are carried out by the conveyor from the field zone to the receiver 7.

 The device operates as follows. The source material comes from the loading device 4 (Fig. 2) into one particle in a row one after another and is charged due to the dielectric 8 installed above the conveyor. Further, the source material enters the separation zone with a lower field strength of electrodes mounted at an angle to each other. Charged particles with a higher dielectric constant are oriented in an inhomogeneous electrostatic field and are affected by a mechanical (ponderomotive) field force, which is greater than the forces of gravity, friction, the interaction of a charged particle with a plane (mirror image force) and the detachable forces of the interaction of a charged particle with field (Coulomb force) and torque of the electric field and carries the oriented particle from the zone of lower field strength to the zone with higher intensity Olya. Departing from the interelectrode space, the particles hit the dielectric barrier 6, are discharged, and fall into the receiver 5. Non-oriented particles of the starting material with a lower dielectric constant are transported by the transverse conveyor 4 to the receiver 7.

 The use of the invention provides an improvement in the quality of separation of particles of the starting material with different dielectric constants, having the shape of, for example, oblate ellipsoid and ball.

Sources of information
1.SU 234033 A, 12.24.1968.

 2. SU 961785 A, 09.30.1982.

Claims (1)

 A device for separating light bulk mixtures, including flat electrodes mounted one above the other at an angle with a change in the direction of movement of the material to be separated between the electrodes, a charging device and receivers of separation products, characterized in that the upper electrode is closed by a dielectric from below and the lower electrode is installed at an angle to the horizon with a decrease in the direction of movement of the shared material, the interelectrode distance and is partially blocked by being installed transversely to it and at the same angle ohm to the horizon by a conveyor from a conductive tape, over which an electrode with a dielectric is installed to charge the material to be shared.

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