RU2181632C2 - Gas flow swirl generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: air spraying, liquid fuel atomizing, stack gas circulation in boiler furnaces burning fuel of any kind. SUBSTANCE: device has hollow cylindrical housing with admission and discharge pipe connections and screw conveyer installed along housing axis and equipped with hollow blades and central perforated duct with interblade holes. Novelty is that additional swirling member is provided in the form of boss on front wall of blades that has through guide ducts running to screw conveyer space. Perforation holes of central duct and guide ducts are threaded+ADs- part of gas flow is admitted to hollow blades due to entry edge on blade first along gas flow. Proposed design ensures fast and high-quality dispersion and atomization of liquid fuel fed to combustion chamber or circulation of stack gases, as well as more efficient burnout. EFFECT: enhanced heat energy generation efficiency. 4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to pneumatic spraying devices and can be used to ensure high-quality atomization of liquid fuel and its distribution over the volume of the combustion chamber, for example, in internal combustion engines, as well as to create recirculation flows of flue gases in boiler furnaces when burning any kind of fuel (gaseous, liquid, solid).

 Known nozzle for spraying liquid (1), consisting of a cylindrical conical housing with a gas supply channel and installed in it with an annular gap tube for supplying liquid with screw guides on the outer surface and a side opening tangential and unidirectional with screw guides. The nozzle allows to obtain gas and gas-liquid flows swirled in one direction, which, interacting at the outlet, provide additional dispersion of the liquid particles and their atomization.

 The use of the said nozzle is limited to the use of only liquid and, possibly, gas fuel to create flare, in addition, it creates inconvenience in the layout of fuel systems and air supply.

 Closest to the mechanical nature of the claimed invention is a device for gas purification and drying of a substance in a gas stream (2), comprising a cylindrical body with inlet and outlet pipes, a screw swirl with hollow blades and a central channel mounted along the axis of the body, the channel being made perforated with holes extending into the cavity between the blades, and the hollow blades are connected to the coolant supply device.

 The device is based on the turbulence of a gas stream, but is intended to create a fundamentally different process, implying the creation of flows of several different media, preventing their mixing, and is used only in combination with additional devices for, for example, creating a vacuum in the central channel.

 The objective of the invention was to create a compact device for swirling the gas flow in order to increase combustion efficiency in combustion chambers and furnaces for any type of fuel.

 This problem is solved by a device containing a hollow cylindrical body with inlet and outlet pipes, a swirl element mounted along the axis of the body in the form of a screw with hollow blades formed by the frontal and rear helical walls and a central perforated channel. Perforation holes are made between the auger blades. New in the device is the execution on the wall of each blade of an additional swirling element in the form of a protrusion with guide cylindrical channels. The guide channels can be made with a thread, the direction of the turns of which coincides with the direction of the turns of the screw. In this case, the thickness of the protrusion should correspond to at least 2-3 turns of thread. To ensure access to the cleaning tool when disassembling the device, the guide channels are expediently performed on the frontal walls of the hollow blades. To ensure that part of the gas enters the hollow blades, the first blade along the gas flow is made with an inlet cut.

 The device is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a longitudinal section of a swirl of the gas stream.

 The gas flow swirl contains a hollow cylindrical body 1 with an inlet 2 and outlet 3 nozzles, a swirl element mounted along the axis of the body in the form of a screw 4 with hollow blades 5 formed by the frontal 6 and back 7 screw walls and a central perforated channel 8 with perforations 9, located between the blades 5. On the frontal wall 6 there is made a swirl element in the form of a protrusion 10 with guide channels 11. A thread is cut in the perforations 9 of the central channel and the guide channels 11. The direction of the threads is the same (unidirectional) with the direction of the turns of the screw 4. The first blade 5 along the gas flow is made with an inlet cut 12.

 Swirl gas flow is as follows.

 Gas (air) is supplied to the inlet pipe 2 under a certain pressure, part of which enters the working space of the cylindrical body 1 and is twisted by the blades 5 of the screw 4. The other part of the gas enters through the inlet section 12 of the first blade 5 along the gas stream in the cavity formed by the helical walls 6 and 7, and then through the guide channels 11 in the protrusion 10 into the space of the cylinder 1, swirling and colliding with the main stream. The third part of the gas passes through the central channel and the threaded holes of the perforation 9 between the blades 5, also swirling and flowing into the common gas stream. Thus, gas with three swirling components enters the outlet pipe 3, which ensures fast and high-quality dispersion and atomization of liquid fuel supplied to the combustion chamber, or recirculation of flue gases and better burnout, and therefore, a higher efficiency when receiving thermal energy.

 The gas flow swirl is a universal device. It can be installed in diesel engines (between the air cleaner and the intake manifold) and gasoline engines (between the carburetor and the intake manifold) without any significant alterations, in the spray air or steam supply systems in boiler plants. In the latter case, it is possible to install the nozzle in the end part of the central channel and the fuel supply system passing through the central channel.

Sources of information
1. SU 1419736 A1, 08/30/1988.

 2. RU 4240 U1, 06.16.1997.

Claims (4)

 1. A gas flow swirl comprising a hollow cylindrical body with inlet and outlet pipes, a swirl element mounted along the axis of the body in the form of a screw with hollow blades formed by the front and rear helical walls and a central perforated channel with perforations connecting the central channel to the body cavity characterized in that it is provided with an additional swirl element in the form of a protrusion at least on the frontal screw wall of the screw with guide cylindrical channels from the strips ty blades into the cavity of the body, with a diameter of 1-2 thickness of the protrusion, and the first blade along the gas flow is made with an inlet cut.  2. The swirl of the gas stream according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide channels are threaded.  3. The swirl of the gas stream in paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the thread of the guide channels is made unidirectional with screw walls of the screw.  4. The swirl gas stream according to any one of paragraphs. 1 or 2, characterized in that the perforation holes of the Central channel are threaded.