RU2166115C2 - Fuel mixture net-type evaporator-homogenizer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; carburetor internal combustion engines of all types. SUBSTANCE: device can be installed in vehicles which are in service and in engines of power plants. Device for preparation of fuel-air mixture in internal combustion engine has net installed under carburetor over inlet hole of engine intake manifold. Device is of convex shape. Net has two or more layers. Summary area of meshes of each layer is either equal to or exceeds area of cross-section of carburetor outlet hole. Edges of device are either soldered over or lined with heat-, gasoline-, and oil-resistant material by press fitting. EFFECT: improved performance and ecological characteristics of engine main units and assemblies at minimum cost. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to engine building, in particular to fuel equipment of internal combustion engines.

 The invention is used in all types of carburetor internal combustion engines. The device can be installed in the engines of vehicles in operation, as well as in the engines of power plants.

 A device for preparing an air-fuel mixture containing a grid installed under the carburetor above the inlet of the engine gas supply manifold is known (see AS USSR N 1625335).

 This device cannot provide sufficient fire protection for the carburetor in the event of a flame breakthrough into the gas supply manifold.

 This device is selected as a prototype.

 The objective of the invention is to increase operational and environmental characteristics without changing the design of the main blocks and units of engines with minimal cost to achieve the effect.

 The problem is solved due to the fact that the known device for the preparation of a combustible air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine contains a grid installed under the carburetor above the inlet of the engine gas supply manifold and is made convex in shape, the grid has one, two or more layers, the total cell area each layer is equal to or greater than the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the carburetor, and the edges of the device are soldered or crimped with a gas-oil-resistant material.

 The list of figures of graphic materials.

In FIG. 1 shows a device with a single layer mesh,
figure 2 presents the device with a two-layer grid.

 A device for preparing a combustible air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine is made convex in shape and contains a grid mounted under the carburetor above the inlet of the engine gas supply manifold. The mesh 3 has one, two or more layers, the total cell area of each layer is equal to or greater than the cross-sectional area of the carburetor outlet, and the edges 4 of the device are soldered or pressed with a gas-oil-resistant material.

 The device operates as follows.

 The jet stream of the combustible mixture exiting the carburetor, which also carries a suspended fuel aerosol and has a variable speed from 0 to 150 m / s, falls on a single, double, or multi-row convex mesh device, where the total area of small cells of each mesh 3 is equal to or greater than cross-sectional area of the carburetor outlet. Here, the jet stream is crushed into many small jets with microturbulent turbulence, where aerosol particles are crushed a second time to the size of a non-settling mist (in liquid form less than 1.0 - 0.5 μm), evaporate and mix with the formation of a homogenized combustible mixture. The general flow rate decreases with a change in direction from the usual one and becomes more uniform over the cross section of all the nozzles of the gas-conducting manifold. Here the combustible mixture warms up better, finally evaporates and, in a better quality, enters the combustion chamber of the engine cylinders. The rate and completeness of combustion of vapors is higher than that of aerosol particles, and the temperature is also higher. The “lean mixture” effect disappears with an excess of fuel in the air. It becomes possible to control the composition of the mixture in the range of blue fuel combustion in all cylinders - from bright blue to colorless bluish when using a glow plug indicator, adjusting the speed using an electronic tachometer and controlling exhaust gases. At the same time, by adjusting the mixture with a quality screw, the idle speed increases by 20-30% of the initial one. For heavily tripled engines, i.e. having a significant difference in the number of revolutions, depending on the quality of the combustible mixture, the number of revolutions increases significantly more - by 60-80% with an increase in their stability. The number of revolutions is brought to normal by secondary adjustment of the number of revolutions with a screw. During adjustment using a tachometer, ignition adjustment is possible.

 The device is intended to improve the quality of preparation of a combustible air-fuel mixture in carburetor-type internal combustion engines in all modes of its operation, including extreme.

 The device has a low intrinsic resistance due to the large total area of the cells on the convex surface and does not change the characteristics of carburetors accepted for operation; it is installed under them above the inlet of the engine gas supply manifold. By adjusting the carburetor, you can get a combustible vapor-air mixture in the optimal proportion, close to complete combustion. Due to this, the effective engine power / torque / can increase by 10-15% compared with the standard with a decrease in fuel consumption by 5-8%, which in total allows to reduce fuel consumption by 15-20% per 100 km of the vehicle. Facilitates the cold start of the engine due to a sharp decrease in the effect of splashing candles and the combustion chamber with gasoline. The device can provide carburetor fire protection in case of a flame breakthrough in the gas supply manifold.

 The content of CO and CH in the exhaust gases becomes much lower than the established standards for transport, even if the engine has not completely run-in or has significant wear. Emissions of finely dispersed carbon-soot cease and engine noise is reduced in all operating modes by reducing the consumption of the benzine-air mixture per unit of power with an increase in the efficiency coefficient (Efficiency) and a corresponding reduction in the load on the muffler.

 The principle of secondary finely divided liquid crushing on a grid of an appropriate form can be used in chemical processes, where the reaction rate and efficiency depends on the degree of liquid crushing and the total area of interacting phases.

 During the trial operation of the ZMZ 402.10 engine with a K-126 carburetor operating on A-76, A-80 gasolines (UAZ-469 car), the results were obtained: there was no soot in the exhaust gases, CH dropped to 0.03%, and CO - up to 0.098%. Gasoline consumption per 100 kilometers decreased from 18-19 liters and 16-17 liters city - highway to 14 and 12 liters, respectively. The car easily develops a maximum speed of 120 km / h on the highway.

 Similar results were obtained in terms of saving gasoline on a VAZ car with an engine displacement of 1.5 liters and an Ozone carburetor.

 The characteristics of an engine with a gas cylinder installation are improved due to better mixing of the gas-air mixture and its better combustion.

 The most convenient to manufacture and reliable in operation are seamless devices from a mesh sheet.

Claims (1)

 A device for preparing a combustible air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine containing a grid installed under the carburetor above the outlet of the engine gas supply manifold, characterized in that it is convex in shape, the grid has one, two or more layers, the total cell area of each layer is equal to or exceeds the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the carburetor, and the edges of the device are sealed or crimped with a gas-oil-resistant material.

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