RU2166145C1 - Composite-material pipe for transportation of gaseous and liquid products under high pressure and method of its manufacture (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction and laying of pipeline systems. SUBSTANCE: pipes have protective rubber layer, system of intermediate layers for reliable coupling with bearing carcass, bearing carcass, system of reinforcing rings and ends in the form of flanges, nipples or funnels. It is only fiber-glass plastic reinforced by braids or fabrics based on epoxy binder is used as a composite material. As a result, provision is made for prompt assembly of pipes, maximum unification of pipe construction and manufacturing technology and for guarantee service life of up to 50 years. EFFECT: enhanced abrasive wear resistance. 12 cl, 13 dwg

Description

 The technical field to which the invention relates. The invention relates to the field of construction and laying of field and technological pipeline systems for transporting aggressive and abrasive media under high pressure. It is used in the gas, oil, mining and chemical industries.

 The prior art. It is known that until recently, all pipeline systems in all industries and the national economy of the whole world were made of metals. The service life of such systems is: in the gas industry - up to 15 years; in the oil industry - up to 5-10 years; in mining - 2-5 years; in chemical - up to 1 year. Metal pipeline systems are subject to external and internal corrosion, as a result of which up to 40 thousand accidents per year occur in the northern fields of Russia alone, some of which are accompanied by a violation of the environmental safety of the regions. For these and a number of other reasons, a number of technically developed countries organized the production of more reliable elements of pipeline systems from plastics and composite materials. Analysis of known technical solutions [1-38] showed that they can serve as analogues of the invention.

 Thus, a fiberglass sheath pipe is known [2]. It consists of a fiberglass body and a tip for docking with adjacent pipes. The body is formed by spiral and tangential layers of glass fiber impregnated with a binder. The ending contains a metal clip with a thickened area for transferring loads and a gasket to ensure the tightness of the pipe joints. A metal ferrule connects one-piece adjacent pipes by means of rivets.

Design disadvantages:
1. The pipe is not tight, since reinforced plastics are in principle gas permeable. Therefore, it is not suitable for transporting gaseous products under high pressure.

 2. The pipe and metal ferrule are not abrasion resistant to the effects of solid particles contained in the transported product.

 3. The pipe and metal cage are not chemically resistant to aggressive products (acids, alkalis, salts and their solutions).

 4. The pipe does not provide quick installation and dismantling of sections of pipeline systems, since the design of its ends provides only one-piece pipe connection.

 5. In the pipe there are no endings for detachable connection of pipes using various methods of their joining (flanges, nipples, sockets).

 6. The pipe does not provide a guaranteed service life of up to 50 years, since the aging factor of the binder is not taken into account.

 7. The design of the pipe is not unified for the transportation of various products for various industries, as well as for various types of connections (flange, nipple, socket and their combinations) in pipelines.

 Known pipe [11], selected as the first prototype. It consists of a multilayer film sheath and tips in the form of two flanges at the ends. The power frame of the pipe fig. 6.45 p. 496 consists of circumferential layers of the mylar ribbon, on top of which there are spiral layers of the same ribbon. The endings are separately made plastic rings with shaped shanks and collars equipped with a groove for accommodating seal parts in it. 6.45c). The ends of the pipe are placed over the shanks of the flange blanks and pinched in a special groove of the latter with annular layers of high-strength fibers.

Design disadvantages:
1. The pipe is not abrasion resistant to the effects of solid particles contained in the transported product.

 2. In the pipe there are no endings for detachable connection of pipes using various methods of their joining (flanges, nipples, sockets).

 3. The pipe does not provide a guaranteed service life of up to 50 years, since the aging factor of lavsan and binder is not taken into account.

 4. The large mass of the pipe due to the low mechanical characteristics of the lavsan.

 For pipes with a flange at one end and a nipple or socket at the other, no analogues were found.

 For a pipe with a nipple at one end and a socket at the other, the Japanese application was selected as the second (in order of listing) prototype [25]. It refers to the nipple-socket (plug) connection of pipes.

 The nipple is a power frame made similar to the power frame of the pipe body with the same protective coating. The end of the power frame has a central annular protrusion on which a U-shaped profile ring (tip) is fixed. On the inside, this profile is covered with a protective coating on the pipe body.

 The bell is an extended section of the pipe with a chamfer at the end. The inner diameter of the socket is made somewhat larger than the outer diameter of the nipple. The inner surfaces of the bell are coated with a protective coating of a polymeric material. The wall thickness of the bell slightly exceeds the wall thickness of the pipe.

Disadvantages of the pipe:
1. The pipe is not abrasion resistant.

 2. The pipe is not chemically resistant to aggressive products (acids, alkalis, salts and their solutions) for a 50-year life.

 3. The pipe does not provide a guaranteed lifetime of 50 years, since the value of the tensile strength of its materials by the end of the 50-year service life has not been taken into account.

 4. The endings in the form of a nipple and a bell have insufficient strength and fracture rigidity when moving soils, supports and other tectonic and temperature deformations.

 5. Unreliable sealing of pipe connections with only one sealing element (especially for transporting gases) without duplication.

 6. The design of the pipe is not unified for the execution of the endings in a different combination: flange-flange, flange-nipple, flange-bell, bell-bell, etc.

 Analogs of the design of the pipe type "nipple-nipple" or "bell-bell" were not found.

 A known method of manufacturing pipes [II] according to the first prototype. It lies in the fact that the canvas of the mylar film is cut into ribbons of the required width. Then, the surface of the film is treated to improve adhesion with the adhesive composition based on the epoxy binder EDT-10 and then the specified adhesive composition is applied to its surface. The endings are made separately by injection molding from polyalkanimides using various fillers and modifiers.

 Before manufacturing the pipe, the ends (flanges) are installed on the cylindrical mandrel and then the pipe body is wound with lavsan ribbons according to the given law of their location in layers and with a given number of layers. At the end of the winding of the power layer of the pipe, its ends wound on the shanks of the flange blanks are fixed with ring layers of high-strength fibers. The resulting structure, together with the mandrel, is placed in a thermal furnace for the polymerization of glue, after which (after the end of the thermal curing mode) the cold pipe is removed from the mandrel.

 The disadvantages of the method of manufacturing the pipe are closely related to its design and repeat the above.

 A known method of manufacturing pipes with endings such as socket and nipple [25]. First, a power frame is made, which is the same for the pipe body and the nipple end portion. The bell-shaped section is made of a slightly larger thickness in comparison with the power frame of the pipe. An annular protrusion is made at the end of the pipe from the side of the nipple ending, onto which an annular U-shaped tip made in advance is fixed with an adhesive composition. After that, the entire inner surface of the pipe is coated with a polymer protective coating.

 The disadvantages of the method of manufacturing the pipe are closely related to its design and repeat the above.

 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In solving the problem of equipping modern extractive industries and the chemical industry with piping systems from composite materials, the authors proceeded from a well-known position, which consists in the following. All piping systems of the extractive industries and the chemical industry can be divided into two groups: field and technological, as well as trunk. The first group of pipelines operates in the most difficult conditions, as it transports crude products and is subject to unsteady loads, depending on the situations in the places of their extraction. The main pipeline systems transport the cleaned product and operate in a significantly more “quiet” mode. The length of the first group of pipelines is 2/3 of the total length of all pipeline systems and it uses elements (pipes, fittings, etc.) with an internal diameter of up to 400 mm. This is the most expensive and wearing part of piping systems, requiring high reliability, ease of maintenance and quick replacement of worn or defective sections. It provides an uninterrupted supply of product pipelines, i.e. consumers.

The present invention relates to the production of pipes for the first group of pipeline systems and is aimed at achieving the following technical results:
- the creation of pipes resistant to abrasion by solid particles larger than 2 mm and the effects of chemically aggressive environments;
- the creation of pipes to ensure their quick assembly and dismantling as part of pipeline systems and various types of connections: flange, nipple, socket and their combination;
- the maximum unification of the design and manufacturing technology of pipes for their mass production with various types of compounds;
- ensuring the warranty service life of the pipe up to 50 years;
- the minimum cost of the pipe.

Ensuring technical results is achieved by the fact that in a pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers, laid and bound together in predetermined directions in a given direction law, which are bonded to each other and to other structural elements by a cured polymer binder, lined on the inner surface According to the invention, the protective coating is made in the form of concentric layers of chemically and abrasion-resistant rubber, which are formed by rubber bands laid in each layer in a spiral with an overlap, and connected to the power frame using intermediate layer system, which consists of concentric layers of a low-density material not impregnated with a binder with the possibility of penetration into it of an adjacent layer of protective entrances with the formation of strong mechanical adhesion and a layer of high-strength and high-density composite material, which contains a polymer binder and high-strength fibers with the latter located in the annular direction and is in contact with the power frame, while the protective coating together with the system of intermediate layers is pinched at both ends of the pipe between the power frame and retaining rings, which have a cross section in the form of a right triangle, while one of the legs is located on the inner surface spine tube has a length of 0.03 to 0,035 m, with the hypotenuse forms an angle of 7 ^o 30 'to 8 ^o, and the other leg is situated in the end plane of the pipe, made of composite material based on a polymeric binder, in the circumferential direction reinforced with high-strength fibers , the power frame is formed by concentric layers of composite material, each of which is formed by ribbons with a parallel arrangement of reinforcing fibers, laid with overlapping edges in a spiral with an angle of inclination to the longitudinal axis of the pipe from 52 to 56 ^o and impregnated with the number of layers of the power cage is proportional to the value of the internal pressure in the pipe, its diameter and inversely proportional to the long-term strength of the composite material after a 50-year period of operation, the reliability of the connection of the protective coating and the power cage is ensured by the strength of the permanent connection of the rubber layer with the adjacent layer low-density material, which is achieved due to the combination of the porosity of the low-density material, the thickness of its layers, percent the content of the binder in the intermediate layer with an annular arrangement of fibers and layers of the power cage, the radial pressure of pressing the layers against each other due to a certain tension of the tapes forming them, as well as due to a certain thermal softening regime and the connection of the protective coating layers with the introduction of a low-density intermediate layer and with the simultaneous impregnation of the latter with a binder, the pipe ends are made of composite material simultaneously with the manufacture of the pipe body, placed on top of the power frame, connected to it by a one-piece cured binder, have the shape of flanges in the form of an annular thickening of the ends of the pipe with a shank and contact with the power frame in the length from 0.27 to 0.29 m, include a thrust ring with a cross section in the form of a rectangular triangle wherein one of the legs is located on the outer surface of the power frame, has a length of 0.08 to 0.09 m, forms an angle from 8 ^o to 9 ^o 30 'with the hypotenuse, and the other leg is located in the plane of the pipe end, and the body of the flange, which is formed by concentric layers of woven about the material with the transition to the conical surface of the thrust ring and layers with annular fiber reinforcement, which are located between the layers of woven material in their cylindrical sections, as well as concentric layers on the periphery of the flange with an annular arrangement of fibers, while all structural elements made of composite materials contain as a base, one brand and composition of a binder, and as reinforcing fillers only glass fibers.

 In addition, the provision of technical results is achieved by the fact that in a pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers, laid and bound together in predetermined directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other and to other structural elements by a cured polymer binder, lined on the inside of the surface with a protective coating and having endings for connection with adjacent elements of the pipeline system according to the invention, retaining rings, protective coating, intermediate layer system, power frame and a flange ending at one end of the pipe are identical to the above-described pipe with two flanges at the ends and in addition it contains a nipple-shaped tip at the other end of the pipe, which is a reinforced section in the form of a cylinder with an outer diameter and length equal to at least 1.25 and 1.1 inner the diameter of the pipe, respectively, contains two reinforcing rings that are made of composite material with an annular arrangement of reinforcing fibers, are placed between the power frame and the intermediate system of layers, have the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, spaced relative to each other along the length of the nipple in increments from 0.41 to 0, 5 of the inner diameter of the pipe so that the reinforcing ring closest to the free end of the nipple overlaps part of the retaining ring, and the cylindrical shape of the outer surface of the nipple is formed by flat tape we unidirectionally reinforced composite material, which are tightly stacked to each other in an annular direction over the power frame.

 In addition, the provision of technical results is achieved by the fact that in a pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers, laid and bound together in predetermined directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other and to other structural elements by a cured polymer binder, lined on the inside the surface with a protective coating and having ends for connection with adjacent elements of the pipeline system according to the invention, a retaining ring, a protective coating, an intermediate layer system, a power frame and a flange ending at one end of the pipe are identical to the above-described pipe with two flanges at the ends and, in addition, it contains a tip in the form of a socket at the other end of the pipe, which is made in the form of a cylinder, coaxial with the main body of the pipe, and connected to it by a transition cone, the inner diameter of qi the indra of the bell interacts with the outer diameter of the ending cylinder in the form of a nipple of the adjacent pipe and forms an annular gap, the size of which corresponds to the requirements for pipeline systems, as a result of which the inner surface of the cylindrical section of the bell contains two annular grooves with a cross section in the form of a half drop, the roundings of which are turned towards the end of the socket, and the rounding diameter corresponds to the tightness of the pipe joints, while the grooves are made at a distance one from the other, at least 0.415-0.5 of the inner diameter of the pipe and combined with retaining rings that form the profile of the grooves, the multilayer protective coating on the cylindrical section of the bell is made single-layer and ends in the section of the groove closest to the pipe body simultaneously with the intermediate layers, and the power the frame is reinforced with additional layers of composite materials that are located on top of each spiral layer of the power frame, one of them is formed by a woven material with the direction of the base along and a pipe, and the other is wound over a woven layer with a circular direction of reinforcing fibers, while the reinforcement layers are placed along the entire length of the socket and capture the adjacent portion of the main body of the pipe from 0.4 to 0.5 of its inner diameter.

 In addition to the foregoing, the provision of technical results is achieved by the fact that in a pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers laid and bound together in predetermined directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other and to other structural elements by a cured polymer binder, lined on the inner surface of the protective coating and having endings for connection with adjacent elements of the pipeline system according to the invention, retaining rings, protective coating, the system of intermediate layers, as well as the power frame are identical to the above-described pipe with two flanges at the ends, ending in the form of a nipple on one from the ends of the pipe is made identical to the flange-nipple specified above for the pipe, and the end in the form of a socket at the other end of the pipe is identical to the flange-socket indicated above.

 In addition, the provision of technical results is achieved by the fact that in a pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers stacked and interwoven in specified directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other and to other structural elements by a cured polymer binder, lined on the inside the surface of the protective coating and having endings for connection with adjacent elements of the pipeline system according to the invention, retaining rings, protective coating, the system of intermediate layers, as well as the power frame are identical to the above-described pipe with two flanges at the ends, and both endings in the form of nipples identical to that described above for a flange-nipple pipe.

 Finally, the provision of technical results is achieved by the fact that in a pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers, laid and interwoven with each other in predetermined directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other and to other structural elements by a cured polymer binder, lined on the inside the surface with a protective coating and having ends for connection with adjacent elements of the pipeline system according to the invention, the protective coating, the system of intermediate layers, as well as the power frame are identical to the above-described pipe with two flanges at the ends, and both ends in the form of sockets are identical to those described above for pipe "flange-bell".

Ensuring technical results is also achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a given location in each of them a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated with a binder for the formation of a power frame, the organization of endings for joining connection to the pipe of adjacent structural elements of the pipeline systems with subsequent curing of the binder for the permanent connection of all layers and pipe elements, according to the invention, in the manufacture of pipes with flanges at both ends of the pipe first on the release layer of the mandrel of the cylindrical mandrel at its opposite ends by roving, which is laid out in a flat tape and impregnated with a binder, wound two retaining rings in the form of isosceles triangles, the vertices of which are combined with the end surfaces of the pipe, then A prepared flat rubber tape 1 mm thick and 130 mm wide with an overlap of 8 to 12 tape thicknesses is wound on top of the retaining rings and on the outer surface of the mandrel in a spiral, which is turned in the opposite direction to the main direction of movement of the product transported through the pipe, and continue winding until the desired the number of layers of the protective coating, on top of it, in one pass, two layers of dry low-density material are wound, which are pre-formed in the form of a flat tape, then a packet of layers of coils is formed The roving is aforementioned until a homogeneous monolithic layer of a given thickness is formed, in which the reinforcing fibers are arranged in the annular direction, the magnitude of the tension force and the binder content are controlled, then a predetermined number of spiral layers of the tube frame with a predetermined tension force of the reinforcing fibers are wound, after of this, technological flanges are installed on prepared sections of the outer surface of the power frame one at a time from the ends of the pipe and two at a given distance from the first the body of the endings is formed to the middle of the pipe, between the end and inner flanges, for which the thrust rings are first wound with the aforementioned roving with the arrangement of reinforcing fibers in the annular direction, after that the conical surfaces of the thrust rings and the cylindrical surfaces of the power frame are covered with a layer of glass cloth, which is drawn from pre-cut and impregnated with a binder preforms with an overlap of the latter along the generatrices of the above surfaces of at least 30 mm, and wound it cylindrically a portion of the aforementioned roving until the formation of a layer of composite material with an annular arrangement of reinforcing fibers, and so on, continue to build up the body of the flanges until a predetermined number of layers of fabric and layers located on top of them are wound by roving with an overlap offset of one layer of fabric relative to the next, then wrap external peripheral layers of flanges with the aforementioned tapes of binder-impregnated roving with annular laying of reinforcing fibers in each layer until the specified diameter, while as binder applied uniform for the entire pipe structure of the epoxy resin, which curing is carried out at a predetermined regime to a maximum temperature of 165 ± 5 ^o C with the rotation of the mandrel, cured preform tube is machined to impart predetermined final shapes and sizes, while the end planes of the flanges are perpendicular to the axis of the pipe and combine with the tops of the retaining rings, the pipe in a known manner is removed from the mandrel, and the surfaces subjected to machining, degreased, dried and primed with an epoxy resin composition in an amount of 100 parts by weight and polyethylene polyamide in an amount of 12 parts by weight in two layers with an exposure of each not less than 16 hours.

 In addition, ensuring technical results is also achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a given location in each of them, a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated with a binder for the formation of a power frame, the organization of endings for I connect to the pipe adjacent structural elements of the piping systems, followed by curing the binder for the permanent connection of all layers and pipe elements, according to the invention, in the manufacture of pipes with a flange at one end and a nipple at the other, first wound two retaining rings, a protective coating, two a layer of dry low-density material and one layer of unidirectionally reinforced composite material as described above for a pipe with two flanges at the ends, after which at one end of the pipe In order to organize the nipple endings, two reinforcing rings in the form of isosceles trapezoidal are wound, for which a glass roving is used, which is laid out in a flat ribbon and impregnated with a binder, then a predetermined number of spiral layers of the pipe power frame with a given by the tension force of the reinforcing fibers, then two technological flanges are installed on the prepared surface of the power frame at the end section of the pipe, it is intended ohm for organizing a flange ending, one of which is located at the end of the pipe and the other at a predetermined distance from the first to the middle of the pipe, after which, in the gap between the technological flanges, the body of the pipe flange is formed in accordance with the method described above for a pipe with two flanges the ends and produce a layer-by-layer winding of the nipple ending with a roving, laid out in a flat tape and impregnated with a binder, with an annular arrangement of fibers in each layer until the specified external diameter of the nipple is reached, while TBE single binder is used for the entire pipe composition of the binder based on epoxy resin further manufacturing sequence starting from curing the binder before the final machining of its surfaces an epoxy composition produced according to the above tube with two flanges at the ends.

 In addition, ensuring technical results is also achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a given location in each of them, a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated with a binder for the formation of a power frame, the organization of endings for I attach to the pipe adjacent structural elements of the piping systems, followed by curing the binder for the permanent connection of all layers and pipe elements, according to the invention, in the manufacture of a pipe with a flange at one end and a bell, first lay an annular layer of glass cloth, covering it first on the side of the pipe body mandrel element, forming the shape of a drop-shaped annular groove of the socket, with access to the cylindrical surface of the socket mandrel of at least 20-25 mm on each side with an overlap of fabric along the forming mandrels of not less than 40 mm, for which the fabric is pre-cut and impregnated with a binder, then roving, which is laid out in a flat ribbon and impregnated with a binder, is wound on the prepared mandrel surfaces, three retaining rings with a circular direction of reinforcing fibers are wound, then a protective coating and a system are wound intermediate layers in accordance with the method described for a pipe with two flanges at its ends, which are located on the mandrel from the end of the pipe with a flange ending to the middle of the first the supporting ring of the socket from the side of the pipe, then spiral layers of the power frame of the pipe are wound with the roving mentioned above, each spiral layer of the power frame on the socket and the adjacent cylindrical section of the pipe is covered with one layer of woven material that is pre-cut and impregnated with a binder, with an overlap of blanks along the generatrices of the pipe and the bell, and wound around the ring with a layer of the above-mentioned roving and so on, they continue to build up the layers of the power frame until their specified number is reached, after f the formation of the power frame of the pipe and the bell form its flange according to the method described above for a pipe with two flanges at both ends or (which is the same) for a pipe with a flange and a nipple with a further manufacturing sequence, from curing the binder to the final processing of its surfaces epoxy, as indicated for a pipe with two flanges at the ends.

 In addition to the foregoing, the provision of technical results is also achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a given location in each of them, a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated with a binder for the formation of a power frame, the organization of endings to attach adjacent structural elements of the pipeline systems to the pipe, followed by curing the binder for permanent connection of all layers and elements of the pipe, according to the invention, in the manufacture of a pipe with a nipple at one end and a socket at the other, use the sequence and method of manufacturing the pipe body in accordance with above for a pipe with both flanges at the ends, the sequence and methods of manufacturing the ending in the form of a nipple in accordance with the above for a pipe with a ending E in the form of a flange and the pin, as well as methods of making and sequence ending in a socket according to the above-mentioned pipe endings in the form of a flange and a horn.

 In addition, ensuring technical results is also achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a given location in each of them, a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated with a binder for the formation of a power frame, the organization of the endings for connecting adjacent structural members of the piping systems to the pipe, followed by curing the binder for permanent connection of all layers and pipe elements, according to the invention, in the manufacture of a pipe with both ends in the form of a nipple, the sequence and methods of manufacturing the pipe body according to the above for a pipe with both flanges on the ends, as well as the sequence and methods of manufacturing the endings in the form of a nipple according to the above for a pipe with endings in the form of a flange and nipple.

 Finally, ensuring technical results is also achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a predetermined arrangement in each of them of a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated with a binder for the formation of a power frame, the organization of endings for connecting to the pipe adjacent structural elements of the piping systems with subsequent curing of the binder for the permanent connection of all layers and pipe elements, according to the invention, in the manufacture of pipes with both ends in the form of a socket using the sequence and methods of manufacturing pipes according to the above for pipes with both flanges at the ends, as well as the sequence and methods of manufacturing the ending in the form of a socket according to the above for a pipe with a flange and a socket at its ends.

 It is the claimed design of the pipes and methods for their manufacture that, according to the variants of the invention, provide a solution to all the assigned technical problems and achieve the desired technical results. This allows us to conclude that the claimed invention is interconnected by a single inventive concept.

 Comparison of the claimed inventions with prototypes allows us to establish their compliance with the criterion of "novelty." In the study of other well-known technical solutions in these areas of technology, signs that distinguish the claimed invention from prototypes were not identified and therefore they provide the claimed technical solutions with the criterion of "significant differences".

 In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the pipe with flanges at the ends.

 In FIG. 2 shows a cross-section of a pipe in the flange area.

 In FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a pipe with an arrangement and laying of layers of a protective layer and a system of intermediate layers.

 In FIG. 4 shows a pipe blank with flanged ends.

 In FIG. 5 shows a general view of a pipe with a flange ending at one end and a nipple ending at the other.

 In FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a pipe in a nipple zone.

 In FIG. 7 shows the pipe blank in the nipple termination zone.

 In FIG. Figure 8 shows a general view of a pipe with a flange ending at one end and with a end in the form of a socket at the other.

 In FIG. 9 shows a cross-section of a pipe in a bell zone.

 In FIG. 10 shows a pipe billet in the area of the bell end.

 In FIG. 11 shows a General view of the pipe with nipple and socket ends.

 In FIG. 12 shows a general view of a pipe with nipple endings.

 In FIG. 13 shows a General view of the pipe with bell-shaped ends.

In FIG. 1-13 indicated:
1 - a protective coating; 2 - an intermediate system of layers; 3 - power frame; 4 - ending in the form of a flange; 5 - retaining ring; 6 - a persistent ring; 7 - rubber tape; 8 - tape of low-density non-woven material; 9 - an intermediate layer with a circular direction of the reinforcing fibers; 10 - annular thickening; 11 - shank; 12 - layer of woven material; 13 - layer with an annular arrangement of fibers; 14 - mandrel; 15 - a separation film; 16 - technological flange; 17 - ending in the form of a nipple; 18 - reinforcing ring; 19 - bell; 20 - bell cylinder; 21 - conical transitional section of the socket; 22 - an annular groove; 23 - forming element of the bell; 24 - forming element of the grooves of the socket.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. As an example, consider the construction of a composite pipe with two flanges at the ends of FIG. 1, designed to transport aggressive products with abrasive particles. Initial data: inner diameter - 265 mm; internal pressure - 4.0 MPa (40 kg / cm ² ); lining material - rubber grade 51-1615 TU 1051236-85; non-woven material of low density - canvas brand S3.10.030.070.3 TU17-28-OP-142; reinforcing filler - glass roving of the grade RBN 10-1260-78 TU 6-48-70-91 and fiberglass brand T-11 GOST 19170-73; a binder based on epoxy resin ED-20 GOST 10587-84.

The pipe consists of the following main parts of FIG. 1: the inner protective coating 1, the system of intermediate layers 2, the power frame 3 and the endings in the form of a flange 4. In more detail, the pipe construction is presented in FIG. 2, where its cross section is shown in the flange zone and additional details are shown: retaining ring 5, thrust ring 6 and structure for constructing individual parts. The retaining ring 5 is made with a cross section in the form of a rectangular triangle, the height of which is 4 + 0.5 mm, and the width is -30 + 5 mm. It is formed by 12 layers of glass roving tape with a direction of reinforcing fibers in a ring. Its function is, firstly, to prevent peeling of the protective coating at the end of the pipe and, secondly, to create a closed volume between the protective coating and the power frame to prevent leakage of the binder in the process of permanent connection of the above-mentioned pipe parts. The protective coating 1 is made in the form of three concentric layers of rubber. Each of them is formed by rubber bands 7 (Fig. 3) with a width of 130 mm and a thickness of 1.0 mm. They are laid in a spiral with an overlap in each layer along the edges. The width of the overlap is 8-12 thicknesses of the tape and in the first layer the overlap is turned in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the transported product. This direction is indicated by the arrow. On top of the protective coating layers are two layers of low-density non-woven material. Each of them is formed by ribbons 8 (Fig. 3) 70 mm wide, which are arranged in a spiral overlap at half the width of the ribbon. The non-woven material of the tapes 8 has a porous loose structure with the possibility of penetration into it at certain softening temperatures and the pressing force of the "raw" rubber layer of the protective coating. At the same time, the nonwoven material does not prevent the penetration of a binder from the side of the third intermediate layer 9 (Fig. 2 and 3), which is located on top of the intermediate layers of nonwoven material and directly contacts the power frame 3 (Fig. 2). This layer consists of high-strength glass fibers, which are located in the annular direction, and is impregnated with an epoxy binder. The protective coating 1 in FIG. 1 and 2 and the system of intermediate layers are enclosed in a cylindrical power frame 3. It consists of 15 layers of fiberglass. Each of them is formed by a unidirectionally reinforced tape of a composite material, which is formed from glass roving and impregnated with a binder. Tapes in each layer are laid in a spiral with an angle of inclination to the longitudinal axis of the pipe from 52 to 56 ^o with overlapping longitudinal edges.

On top of the power frame at the ends of the pipe ends are placed in the form of flanges 4 (Fig. 1 and 2). They have annular thickenings 10, a shank 11 and are in contact with the power layer over a length of 0.27 to 0.29 m, which guarantees the strength of the flange connection on the contact surface during installation and subsequent operation of the pipe. Each flange is equipped with a thrust ring 6 with a cross section in the form of a rectangular triangle. The ring is made of composite material and consists of concentric layers with the direction of the reinforcing fibers along the ring. The leg, located on the surface of the force layer, has a size of from 0.08 to 0.09 m and forms an angle from 8 ^o to 9 ^o 30 'with the hypotenuse. The flange body is formed by concentric layers 12 of woven material and layers 13 of unidirectionally reinforced fiberglass with an annular arrangement of reinforcing fibers. Layers of fabric 12 (Fig. 2) are located on the cylindrical surface of the force layer 3 with the transition to the conical surface of the thrust ring 6. On the cylindrical sections of the fabric layers they are reinforced with layers 13 in which the reinforcing fibers are located in the annular direction. This design of the body of the flange significantly increases its shear strength when assembling pipes using clamps with coupling bolts in comparison with the known designs [7, 24, 35]. The peripheral portion of the annular thickening 10 of the flange consists of annular layers 13 in which the reinforcing fibers are located in the annular direction.

 The design of the pipe and the materials used are unified and uniform for pipes of any size. The exception is only the number of spiral layers in the power layer of the pipe, which depends on the magnitude of the internal pressure and the diameter of the pipe.

 The manufacture of the pipe is as follows. Two retaining rings 5 are wound on a cylindrical mandrel 14 (Fig. 4) coated with a release compound or a release film. They are wound with a tape composed of glass rovings and impregnated with an epoxy binder. The winding direction is along the ring. The cross-section of the retaining ring is made in the form of an isosceles triangle and, when its top is formed, the rope is roped. The retaining rings on the mandrel are arranged at such a distance from each other so that their vertices coincide with the working planes of the pipe ends, that is, they are in the planes I-I in FIG. 4.

 Next, 3 layers of rubber tape with a winding pitch of 120 mm are wound on the mandrel and over the retaining rings to form an inner protective coating 1 (Fig. 4).

 On top of the rubber coating, 2 layers of dry nonwoven fabric prepared in the form of a tape are wound in one pass. Thus, the first two layers of the system of intermediate layers 2 are formed (Figs. 1 and 2).

 After this, the third intermediate layer 9 is wound with the roving tape mentioned above with a winding pitch of 25 mm and a belt tension of 25-30 kg.

The resulting layer system is covered with a power skeleton 3, which (for a given pipe) consists of 15 spiral layers, each of which is formed by an roving impregnated with epoxy adhesive tape. The winding angle is 52-56 ^o , the tape tension is 25-30 kg, the temperature of the binder is 55 + 5 ^o C.

 The surface of the power frame at the ends of the mandrel in the area of future pipe ends is covered with a release film 15 (Fig. 4). The same operation is repeated at a distance equal to the width of the flange to the middle of the pipe. Technological flanges 16 are mounted on surfaces thus prepared (Fig. 4). Between them form a blank flange of the pipe.

 To this end, thrust rings 6 are first wound for both pipe ends. The winding procedure is similar to that mentioned above for retaining rings. The material used is the same.

 Further, in the intervals between the technological flanges, layers 12 of glass T11 fabric are laid out from pre-cut and impregnated with epoxy binder preforms. They cover the cylindrical surface of the power frame 3 with the transition to the conical surface of the thrust rings 6. The workpieces are laid out with an overlap of at least 30 mm along the generatrices of the surfaces to be covered. The cylindrical sections of the layers 12 are wrapped with a roving tape to form a layer 13 with a thickness of not more than 0.4 mm and the arrangement of reinforcing fibers in a ring. The procedure for laying out the woven layers 12 with winding them in layers 13 from the roving is continued until 15 woven layers are obtained. After this, the formed shoulder is wrapped layer by layer with roving ribbons until an annular thickening of 10 predetermined sizes is formed.

 The mandrel with the wound billet of the pipe is removed from the machine and placed in a thermal furnace, where the binder is cured with the vulcanization of the rubber protective coating and its penetration into the nonwoven material of the intermediate layers.

Curing is carried out according to a given thermal regime with rotation of the mandrel and a maximum temperature of 165 + 5 ^o C. The cured and cooled billet of the pipe with the mandrel (after removing the technological flanges 16) is placed on a lathe for machining sections of the flange ends and pipe ends that combine with the vertices retaining rings 5 (Fig. 4) along the plane II. After machining, the final geometric shape of the pipe and its dimensions are obtained (Figs. 1 and 2). The treated surfaces are degreased and coated (primed) with a composition that consists of epoxy in an amount of 100 weight. hours and polyethylene polyamide in the amount of 12 parts by weight in two layers with an exposure of each not less than 16 hours.

 Each pipe is subjected to appropriate control and bench tests.

 Pipe manufacturing technology, like its design, is unified and uniform for pipes of any size.

 As a second example, we consider the construction of a pipe made of composite material with a flange at one end and a nipple 17 at the other (Fig. 5). The initial data for this pipe are similar to those adopted for the pipe in the first example. Due to the unification of the pipes, the pipe in question has the same design as in the first example, and has features only in the nipple zone. They consist in the fact that the ending in the form of a nipple 17 is a cylinder with an outer diameter and a length equal to at least 1.25 and 1.1 of the inner diameter of the pipe, respectively. Inside this cylindrical section, on top of the intermediate system of layers 2 (Fig. 6), there are two reinforcing rings 18. They are in cross section an isosceles trapezoid whose base is located on the intermediate layer 9. The reinforcing rings are spaced apart from each other by a distance (step) from 0 , 41 to 0.5 of the inner diameter of the pipe, and the ring closest to the end of the nipple closes with its base part of the retaining ring 5 (Fig. 6). The cylindrical shape of the nipple 17 is formed by annular layers 13, consisting of flat tapes of unidirectionally reinforced composite material.

 Pipe production is carried out in the same way as a pipe with two flanges, taking into account the features of the nipple ending. Support rings, a rubber protective coating and an intermediate layer system are wound on a cylindrical mandrel 14 (Fig. 7) in the manner described above. Then, from the side of the nipple ending, two reinforcing rings 18 are wound (Fig. 7). For this purpose, glass roving, laid out in a flat tape and impregnated with an epoxy binder, is used. The direction of the reinforcing fibers in the rings is circular. The size of the base of the reinforcing rings is maintained equal to 110 + 5 m. After this, the power frame with the above number of layers is wound in the manner described above. A separating film 15 is wound on the surface of the power frame 15 (Fig. 7) and the process flange 16 is installed. Next, with the same roving tape used for winding the power frame, the nipple body is wound with annular layers 13 (Fig. 7) until the specified dimensions are reached. A flange is formed at the opposite end of the mandrel as described above (Fig. 4). Next, the pipe billet is subjected to heat and mechanical processing similarly to the pipe in the first example. The ends of the pipe, as mentioned above, form along the planes I-I (Fig. 4, 7). Further pipe operations are similar to those indicated for a flange-to-flange pipe.

 As a third example, we consider the construction of a pipe made of composite material with a flange at one end and a socket 19 at the other (Fig. 8). The initial data for this pipe are similar to those adopted for the pipes of the previous examples. Due to the unification of the pipes, the pipe in question has the same basic design as the first (first example), as well as some features in the socket zone. They are as follows.

 The end in the form of a bell has the shape of a cylinder 20, coaxial to the main body of the pipe, and connected to it by a transitional conical section 21 (Fig. 9). The inner diameter of the cylinder of the socket 20 interacts with the outer cylindrical surface of the nipple 17 (Fig. 5 and 6) of the adjacent pipe pipe. Their diameters are consistent with the requirements of the tightness of the pipe connection and are made different in size so that a predetermined annular gap is provided between them. It is known that the sealing of such a joint is provided by appropriate seals in the form of a ring of elastic materials. To place these rings on the inner cylindrical surface of the socket, two annular grooves 22 are made (Fig. 9). Their cross section is made in a shape resembling a half drop. The rounding of the grooves is turned towards the end of the socket, and their diameter meets the requirements of the tightness of the junction of the two pipes. The grooves are spaced along the cylindrical portion of the socket at a distance from one another of at least 0.415-0.5 of the inner diameter of the pipe and are aligned with two retaining rings on the rounding side of the grooves. The protective rubber coating 1 on the cylindrical section of the bell is made single-layer and ends on the inclined section of the first groove from the pipe together with the system of intermediate layers 2 (Fig. 9). The retaining ring, the protective coating, the system of intermediate layers, the flange blank and the power frame of the pipe in its section to the socket are made of the same design as in the first example for the pipe "flange-flange". However, in the area of the socket and in the zone of the pipe adjacent to it at a length of 0.4 to 0.5 of the inner diameter of the pipe, the power frame has a gain. It is made in the form of two additional layers of composite material, which are placed on top of each spiral layer of the power frame. One of them 12 is made of fabric with the direction of the base along the axis of the pipe, and the second 13 is formed by ring winding of a glass roving tape and is located on top of the woven layer.

 Pipe production is carried out in the same way as the pipe of the first example with some additions reflecting the specific design of the socket. On the cylindrical mandrel 14 install and fix the forming cylindrical element of the socket 23 and on it are two forming elements of the grooves 24 of the socket. First, on the forming element of the groove 24, closest to the pipe body, lay an annular layer of glass cloth 12 with access to the cylindrical surface of the forming element 23 by at least 20-25 mm on each side of the groove. The fabric is pre-impregnated with a binder and cut. Layout of the layer is carried out with an overlap of the fabric blanks along the forming mandrels of at least 40 mm. After that, the retaining rings 5 are wound from the side of the pipe flange and the socket grooves in the same manner as for the pipe of the first example. Next, the rubber protective coating 1 (Fig. 10) and the intermediate layer system 2 are wound in the same manner as for the pipe of the first example. At the same time, in the area of the bell, the winding of these layers is completed on an inclined section of the groove covered with a layer of fabric 12 and, in addition, the protective coating 1 on the cylindrical section of the bell is single-layer. Then, the layers of the power frame are wound in the same manner and with the same characteristics as for the pipe of the first example. At the same time, two reinforcing layers of composite materials are wound on top of the bell and the adjacent cylindrical section of the pipe over each spiral layer of the power frame. The first layer 12 is formed from woven blanks impregnated with a binder, which are laid with an overlap along the forming mandrels, and the second layer 13 is formed by roving tapes with a circular direction of reinforcing fibers. The number of spiral layers of the power frame remains the same as for the pipes of the previous examples. The remaining pipe manufacturing operations are similar to those for the pipe of the first example.

 By combining the design of the endings and the methods of manufacturing the pipes of the examples described above, pipes with nipple and socket ends (Fig. 11), with two nipple endings (Fig. 12) and with two bell ends (Fig. 13) are made.

 The pipes of the described structures manufactured by the method proposed in the invention satisfy all the requirements of consumers and solve all the technical problems posed above.

 Their design is as unified as possible, which, in turn, made it possible to unify the manufacturing technology (method). This made it possible to organize production of pipes from composite materials with a capacity of 120 km of pipes per year.

The cost of manufactured pipes is minimized due to the fact that:
- the country's cheapest starting products were used in the form of glass tows and fabrics, "raw" rubber, non-woven fabrics, epoxy binders based on D-20 resin;
- pipes are optimized for strength and stiffness, which allows them to be manufactured with a minimum weight, and therefore with an optimal amount of starting products;
- minimized the curing time of the pipes due to the developed composition of the binder, which reduced the time of their production and energy consumption.

 Comparison with the prices of pipes of a similar purpose made by foreign companies shows that the pipes proposed in this invention are 30-40% cheaper than pipes, for example, from Ameron (USA).

 The use of a rubber protective coating made it possible to make the pipes airtight, resistant to aggressive environments and abrasive wear, and to guarantee pipe durability up to a 50-year service life. The effectiveness of the proposed protective coating and the pipe as a whole can be illustrated by the following example. At the Bereznyakovsky potash mine department 1 (BKRU-1 of Bereznyaki) a pipeline was laid from the fiberglass pipes considered in this invention. It serves to transport salt waste under a pressure of 4.0 MPa. After pumping through it more than 400 thousand tons of the mentioned product, routine inspection showed that no changes and pipe violations occurred and they are suitable for further operation. Metal pipes after a similar period of operation require repair and partial replacement. The payback of fiberglass pipes in this case is 1-1.2 years.

 Metal parts in contact with the transported product are excluded from the design of the pipes. This avoided corrosion processes and dramatically increased pipe durability.

 The organization of pipe ends in the form of flanges, nipples and sockets made it possible to make their connections in pipelines quickly collapsible. This allowed, for example, to increase the laying speed of pipeline systems by 3-5 times. The small mass of pipes (in comparison with steel pipes of a similar purpose) also contributed to this to a considerable extent, which made it possible to abandon heavy sedentary transport and lifting equipment.

 Ensuring a guaranteed pipe service life of 50 years was achieved due to the structural and technological solution for the connection of the protective coating with the power frame, as well as due to the use of the value of the tensile strength of fiberglass, corresponding to the 50-year term of its operation, as a reliability criterion.

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Claims (12)

 1. A pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers laid and interlocked in predetermined directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other other and with other structural elements a cured polymer binder, lined on the inner surface with a protective coating and having endings for connection with adjacent elements of the pipeline system, characterized in that the protective coating is made in the form of concentric layers of chemically and abrasion-resistant rubber, which are formed by rubber bands laid in each layer in a spiral with an overlap, and connected to the power frame using an intermediate layer system, which consists of concentric layers of a low-density material not impregnated with a binder with the possibility of penetration of an adjacent layer of a protective coating into it with the formation of strong mechanical adhesion A high-strength and high-density composite material that contains a polymeric binder and high-strength fibers with an arrangement of the latter in the annular direction and is in contact with the power frame, while the protective coating together with the system of intermediate layers is pinched at both ends of the pipe between the power frame and the retaining rings, which have a transverse a cross-section in the form of a right triangle, while one of the legs is located on the inner surface of the pipe, has a length of 0.03 to 0.035 m, forms with hypotenuses the angle is from 7 ° 30 'to 8 °, and the other leg is located in the plane of the end of the pipe, made of a composite material based on a polymer binder, reinforced in the annular direction by high-strength fibers, the power frame is formed by concentric layers of composite material, each of which is formed by ribbons with parallel arrangement of reinforcing fibers, laid with overlapping edges in a spiral with an angle of inclination to the longitudinal axis of the pipe from 52 to 56 ° and impregnated with a binder, the number of layers of the power frame is proportional the internal pressure in the pipe, its diameter and inversely proportional to the long-term strength of the composite material after 50 years of operation, the reliability of the connection of the protective coating and the power frame is ensured by the strength of the permanent connection of the rubber layer with the adjacent layer of low-density material, which is achieved due to the found combination of the porosity of a low-density material, the thickness of its layers, the percentage of binder in the intermediate layer with rings by the location of the fibers and the layers of the power cage, the radial pressure of pressing the layers against each other due to a certain tension of the tapes forming them, as well as due to a certain thermal mode of softening and connection of the protective coating layers with the introduction of a low-density intermediate layer and simultaneous impregnation of the latter with a binder , the pipe ends are made of composite material simultaneously with the manufacture of the pipe body, placed on top of the power frame, connected to it with one piece solidified binder, have the shape of flanges in the form of an annular thickening of the ends of the pipe with a shank and contact with the power frame at a length of 0.27 to 0.29 m, include a thrust ring with a cross section in the form of a rectangular triangle, while one of the legs is located on the outer surface of the power frame, has a length of 0.08 to 0.09 m, forms an angle from 8 ° to 9 ° 30 'with the hypotenuse, and the other leg is located in the plane of the pipe end, and the body of the flange, which is formed by concentric layers of woven material with transition to the conical surface of the thrust rings and layers with ring fiber reinforcement, which are located between the layers of woven material in their cylindrical sections, as well as concentric layers on the periphery of the flange with the ring arrangement of fibers, while all structural elements from composite materials contain as a base one brand and the composition of the binder, and only glass fibers as reinforcing fillers.  2. A pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers laid and interlocked in predetermined directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other other and with other structural elements a cured polymer binder, lined on the inner surface with a protective coating and having endings for connection I with adjacent elements of the pipeline system, characterized in that it contains retaining rings, a protective coating, an intermediate layer system, a power frame and a flange ending at one end of the pipe, made according to claim 1, and also a ending in the form of a nipple at the other end the pipe, which is a reinforced section in the form of a cylinder with an outer diameter and length equal to at least 1.25 and 1.1 of the inner diameter of the pipe, respectively, contains two reinforcing rings that are made of composite material with rings by the location of reinforcing fibers, placed between the power frame and the intermediate system of layers, have the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, spaced relative to each other along the length of the nipple in increments of 0.41 to 0.5 of the inner diameter of the pipe so that the reinforcing ring closest to the free end of the nipple overlaps part of the retaining ring, and the cylindrical shape of the outer surface of the nipple is formed by flat ribbons of unidirectionally reinforced composite material, which are tightly stacked to each other in the annular direction on top of the power frame.  3. A pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers laid and interlocked in predetermined directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other other and with other structural elements a cured polymer binder, lined on the inner surface with a protective coating and having endings for connection with adjacent elements of the pipeline system, characterized in that it contains retaining rings, a protective coating, an intermediate layer system, a power frame and a flange ending at one end of the pipe, made according to claim 1, as well as a bell end at the other end of the pipe , which is made in the form of a cylinder coaxial with the main body of the pipe and connected to it by a transition cone, the inner diameter of the socket cylinder interacts with the outer diameter of the ending cylinder in the form of a nipple of an adjacent pipe according to claim 2 and forms a stake a gap, the size of which meets the requirements for pipeline systems, as a result of which the inner surface of the cylindrical section of the socket contains two annular grooves with a cross section in the form of a half drop, the roundings of which are turned towards the end of the socket, and the rounding diameter corresponds to the tightness of the pipe joints, when this groove is made at a distance from one another of not less than 0.415-0.5 of the inner diameter of the pipe and combined with retaining rings, which form a rounded In the groove profile, the multilayer protective coating on the cylindrical section of the socket is single-layer and ends in the area of the groove closest to the pipe body simultaneously with the intermediate layers, and the power frame is reinforced with additional layers of composite materials that are located on top of each spiral layer of the power frame, one of them is woven material with the direction of the base along the axis of the pipe, and the other is wound over a woven layer with an annular direction of reinforcing fibers, while They extend along the entire length of the socket and capture the adjacent portion of the main body of the pipe over a length of 0.4 to 0.5 of its inner diameter.  4. A pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers laid and interlocked in predetermined directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other other and with other structural elements a cured polymer binder, lined on the inner surface with a protective coating and having endings for connection with adjacent elements of the pipeline system, characterized in that it contains retaining rings, a protective coating, a system of intermediate layers, as well as a power frame, which are made according to claim 1, the ending in the form of a nipple at one end of the pipe, which is made according to claim 2, and the ending at the other end of the pipe in the form of a bell, which is made according to claim 3.  5. A pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers laid and interlocked in predetermined directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other other and with other structural elements a cured polymer binder, lined on the inner surface with a protective coating and having endings for connection with adjacent elements of the pipeline system, characterized in that it contains retaining rings, a protective coating, a system of intermediate layers, as well as a power frame, which are made according to claim 1, and two ends in the form of a nipple, which are located at both ends of the pipe and made according to item 2.  6. A pipe made of composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, containing a power frame corresponding to its profile, formed by layers of composite materials consisting of a system of reinforcing fibers laid and interlocked in predetermined directions according to a given law, which are bonded to each other other and with other structural elements a cured polymer binder, lined on the inner surface with a protective coating and having endings for connection with adjacent elements of the pipeline system, characterized in that it contains a protective coating, a system of intermediate layers, as well as a power frame of the pipe body, which are made according to claim 1, and two ends in the form of a bell, which are located at both ends of the pipe and made according to .3.  7. A method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel, corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a given arrangement in each of them of a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated binder, for the formation of the power frame, the organization of the endings for connecting to the pipe adjacent structural elements of the pipeline systems with the last by curing the binder for permanent connection of all layers and elements of the pipe, characterized in that when manufacturing a pipe with flanges at its both ends, first on the release layer of the cylindrical mandrel at its opposite ends with roving, which is laid out in a flat tape and impregnated with a binder, wound two retaining rings in the form of isosceles triangles, the vertices of which are aligned with the end planes of the pipe, then over the retaining rings and on the outer surface of the mandrel are wound in a spiral an oval flat rubber tape with a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 130 mm with an overlap of 8 to 12 tape thicknesses, which are turned in the opposite direction to the main direction of movement of the product transported through the pipe, and continue winding until a predetermined number of layers of the protective coating is formed, wound over it in one pass two layers of dry low-density material, which is preliminarily formed in the form of a flat tape, then the formed packet of layers is wrapped with the above-mentioned roving until a uniform monolithic layer is formed thickness, in which the reinforcing fibers are arranged in an annular direction, control the magnitude of the tension force and the binder content, then wind a predetermined number of spiral layers of the pipe power cage with a given tension force of the reinforcing fibers with the same roving, then install the prepared sections of the outer surface of the power cage technological flanges one at a time from the ends of the pipe and two at a predetermined distance from the first to the middle of the pipe, between the end and inner flanges form the body of the ends ok, for which the thrust rings are first wound with the aforementioned roving with the arrangement of reinforcing fibers in the annular direction, then the conical surfaces of the thrust rings and the cylindrical surfaces of the power frame are covered with a layer of glass cloth, which is drawn from pre-cut and impregnated with binder blanks with an overlap of the latter along the generatrix the above surfaces of at least 30 mm, and wrap its cylindrical section with the above-mentioned roving until the formation of a layer of composite material Ala with a circular arrangement of reinforcing fibers, and so on, continue to build up the body of the flanges until a specified number of fabric layers and layers located on top of them are wound by roving with an overlap offset of one fabric layer relative to the next, then the outer peripheral layers of the flanges are wound with the aforementioned tapes impregnated with a binder roving with ring laying of reinforcing fibers in each layer until a specified diameter is reached, while the composition used for the whole pipe as a binder is the same and on the basis of epoxy resin, the curing of which is carried out according to the specified mode with a maximum temperature of 165 + 5 ° C with the rotation of the mandrel, the cured billet of the pipe is machined to give the specified final shapes and sizes, while the end planes of the flanges are perpendicular to the axis of the pipe and combine with the tops of the retaining rings, the pipe in a known manner is removed from the mandrel, and the surfaces subjected to machining are degreased, dried and primed with an epoxy resin composition in an amount of 100 weight parts and polyethylene polyamide in an amount of 12 parts by weight in two layers with an exposure of each not less than 16 hours  8. A method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel, corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a given arrangement in each of them of a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated binder, for the formation of the power frame, the organization of the endings for connecting to the pipe adjacent structural elements of the pipeline systems with the last by curing the binder for permanent connection of all layers and elements of the pipe, characterized in that when manufacturing a pipe with a flange at one end and a nipple at the other, two retaining rings, a protective coating, two layers of dry low-density material and one layer of unidirectionally reinforced composite material are wound first according to paragraph 7, after which two reinforcing rings in the form of isosceles trapezoidal are wound on one end of the pipe, designed to organize the nipple ending, for which I use glass roving, which is laid out in a flat ribbon and impregnated with a binder, then over a wound layer and reinforcing rings, a specified number of spiral layers of the pipe power cage with a given tensile force of the reinforcing fibers are wound with the aforementioned roving, then two technological flanges are installed on the end section of the end frame pipes intended for the organization of the flange ending, one of which is located at the end of the pipe, and the other at a given distance from the first to in the middle of the pipe, after that, in the interval between the technological flanges, they form the body of the pipe flange in accordance with clause 7 and produce a layer-by-layer winding of the nipple ending with roving, laid out in a flat tape and impregnated with a binder, with an annular arrangement of fibers in each layer until the specified external diameter of the nipple is reached, in this case, as a binder, a single composition of the binder based on epoxy resin is used, the further sequence of manufacture, from curing the binder to the final oh processing of its surfaces with an epoxy composition, is carried out according to the one specified in clause 7.  9. A method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel, corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a specified arrangement in each of them of a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated binder, for the formation of the power frame, the organization of the endings for connecting to the pipe adjacent structural elements of the pipeline systems with the last by curing the binder for permanent connection of all layers and elements of the pipe, characterized in that when manufacturing a pipe with a flange at one end and a socket at the other, first lay out an annular layer of glass cloth, covering them with the first mandrel-shaped element from the side of the pipe body, forming a drop-shaped annular grooves of the socket, with access to the cylindrical surface of the mandrel of the socket of at least 20-25 mm on each side with an overlap of fabric along the forming mandrel of at least 40 mm, for which the fabric is pre-cut they are wound up and impregnated with a binder, then roving, which is laid out in a flat ribbon and impregnated with a binder, is wound on three prepared rings with the annular direction of the reinforcing fibers, then a protective coating and a system of intermediate layers are wound in accordance with paragraph 7, which are placed on the mandrel from the end of the pipe with a flange ending to the middle of the first retaining ring of the socket from the side of the pipe, then spiral layers of the power frame of the pipe are wound with the roving mentioned above, while m, each spiral layer of the power frame on the socket and the adjacent cylindrical section of the pipe is covered with one layer of woven material, which is pre-cut and impregnated with a binder, overlapping the blanks along the pipe and socket forming, and wrapped around the ring with a layer of the above-mentioned roving and continue to build layers of the power cage until their predetermined number is reached, after the formation of the power cage of the pipe and the bell, form its flange according to paragraphs 7, 8 with a further manufacturing sequence, start from curing the binder to the final treatment of its surfaces with an epoxy composition, as specified in paragraph 7.  10. A method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel, corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a given arrangement in each of them of a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated binder, for the formation of the power frame, the organization of the endings for connecting to the pipe adjacent structural elements of the pipeline systems with by curing the binder for permanent connection of all layers and elements of the pipe, characterized in that in the manufacture of a pipe with a nipple at one end and a socket at the other, the sequence and methods for manufacturing the pipe body according to claim 7, the sequence and methods for making the ending in the form of a nipple according to p. 8, the sequence and methods for manufacturing the ending in the form of a bell according to claim 9.  11. A method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel, corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a given arrangement in each of them of a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated binder, for the formation of the power frame, the organization of the endings for connecting to the pipe adjacent structural elements of the pipeline systems with by curing the binder for permanent connection of all layers and elements of the pipe, characterized in that in the manufacture of a pipe with both ends in the form of a nipple, the sequence and methods of manufacturing the pipe body according to claim 7, as well as the sequence and methods of manufacturing the ending in the form of a nipple according to 8.  12. A method of manufacturing a pipe from composite materials for transporting gaseous and liquid products under high pressure, which consists in sequentially applying to the mandrel, corresponding to its internal profile, an internal protective coating, a system of layers of composite material with a predetermined arrangement in each of them of a system of reinforcing fibers impregnated binder, for the formation of the power frame, the organization of the endings for connecting to the pipe adjacent structural elements of the pipeline systems with by curing the binder for permanent connection of all layers and elements of the pipe, characterized in that in the manufacture of a pipe with both ends in the form of a socket, the sequence and methods of manufacturing the body of the pipe according to claim 7, as well as the sequence and methods of manufacturing the ending in the form of a socket according to 9.

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