RU2162649C2 - Apparatus for extracting syrup from vegetable and fruit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing and canned food industry. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has auger-type tools working in the "auger-cutter-grid-pressing auger" sequence. Feeding auger, grinding cutter and pressing auger are rotated simultaneously in one direction at equal frequency. Grid mounted between augers is provided with slots positioned in lower parts and adapted for guiding of syrup from grinding portion to pressing portion. Grinding of raw material and syrup squeezing are performed for single operation. Such construction may be used for producing natural syrups from vegetable and fruit under home conditions, as well as in farms and processing houses. EFFECT: simplified construction and intensified syrup production. 2 cl, 2 dwg, 2 ex

Description

 The invention relates to food, mainly canning industry, and can be used to obtain juices from vegetables and fruits both at home and in small workshops when processing crops grown in personal subsidiary or farms.

 Known devices for extracting juice from berries and juicy fruits by pressing raw materials. As a continuous pressing mechanism in such devices, cone screw nozzles for manual and electric meat grinders or food processors are widely used. In this scheme, with a screw type juicer, a press cone screw of the juicer is put directly onto the feed auger of the meat grinder, a filter screen is installed and the structure is assembled. Two augers, assembled sequentially in one line, only compress the products during operation, feeding them to the exit, so fruits and vegetables should be pre-cut into thin longitudinal slices or cubes with a side of no more than 10 mm, and pre-crushed hard varieties of vegetables and fruits on a grater (see. Manual household meat grinder MA-S-5. Operation manual for Permtorgmash JSC, 1992, p. 6-7. Juicer attachment).

 With the versatility and good performance of such additional juicer devices, the drawback of such a design and working scheme, which work well in processing berries, is that it is not recommended to process hard vegetables such as raw carrots, beets and radishes and hard fruits, and apples and tomatoes before pressing, you must first grind, which leads to the oxidation of raw materials in the air and reduce the quality of the resulting juice. In addition, the preliminary preparation of raw materials (grinding) requires an additional investment of time, and the engine power of universal kitchen household machines (UKM) of average power in accordance with GOST 26499-85 is from 300 to 700 W, and it is not fully used for pressing a screw juicer.

 A device is also known (see German Patent DE 2550021 A, A 23 N 1/00, 7.07.77). The embodiment No. 1 shown in FIG. 1 with sections in FIG. 3, including a feeding screw, a grinding device and a pressing screw, placed in a housing with perforation for drainage of juice. In this device for obtaining juice, the supply of raw materials, grinding of raw materials and the extraction of juice is carried out sequentially in one operation. A design feature of the device according to DE 2550021 is that the feed auger is placed vertically and eccentrically to the axis of rotation. The auger has gear teeth in the lower part (at the auger outlet), which, in the process of auger rotation, run around the internal gear rim, performing grinding - crushing of the supplied product for further pressing. This design works according to the scheme "feed screw - device pressure (crushing) of the product in the form of a gear ring and an eccentrically moving gear - pressing screw" and it does not cut the product, which increases energy costs.

 The design flaws according to DE 2550021 include the difficulty in manufacturing, in particular, an eccentric feed screw and a gear crushing (crushing) device at the end of this screw, which has a gear ring of large diameter with internal gearing, which ultimately increases the cost of a special device and the resulting product.

 The objective of the invention is to develop a device for extracting juice from vegetables and fruits, including hard varieties, in domestic conditions or in farm conditions, which would simplify and speed up the process of obtaining juice with a more complete engine load of a universal kitchen machine (food processor) and the raw materials for obtaining juice would not require preliminary thorough grinding, while the productivity of the device and the quality of the resulting juice would not be lower than with the existing two-stage method of obtaining Ia juice compression screw of preground material.

 The problem is solved in that the proposed device for extracting juice works according to the type of "feeding screw - knife - grate - pressing screw", which allows you to consistently, without interrupting the process, first chop vegetables and fruits, including hard varieties, and then immediately and to squeeze the crushed raw materials with the pressing screw more fully and rationally loading the drive motor, while the crushed vegetable raw materials are pressed by the second screw and do not have time to oxidize with the surrounding air, improving the quality of the juice and reducing processing time. The chopping knife and the counter grill of the device are interchangeable and are selected depending on the processed raw materials, and in the lower part of the counter grill are grooves (one or several) for the flow of juice released during grinding of the raw material from the chamber of the feed screw to the chamber of the compression screw, moreover, the feed the screw, chopping knife and pressing screw rotate in the same direction and at the same frequency.

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device for extracting juice from vegetables and fruits.

 In FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the lattice of the device with grooves for the flow of juice.

 The device of FIG. 1 includes a feed screw 1 mounted in the housing 2, receiving rotation from the drive (not shown in the diagram).

 At the output end, the feeding screw 1 has an elongated shaft 3, an interchangeable knife 4 is mounted on the shaft and the shaft protruding passes through the opposing grill 5 installed in the housing 2. At the end of the elongated shaft 3 protruding from the opposing grill 5, a conical pressing screw 6 is attached juicers located in the additional housing 7 having a replaceable filter screen 8 and a spin regulator. The large base of the conical screw 6 is made in the form of a flat knife adjacent to the grill 5 and cleans it from the product during operation. The housing 7 of the juice extractor attachment is fixed to the main body 2 with a union nut 9. The grill 5 is fixed in the housing 2 using a groove 10 and a pin in the upper part of the housing (not shown in the diagram). In the lower part of the lattice 5, a groove 11 (one or more) is made for the juice to flow from the housing 2 into the additional housing 7 and then onto the replaceable filter mesh 8 of the juicer.

 The device operates as follows.

 Using components and parts of a screw meat grinder for a universal kitchen machine and a juicer attachment, they assemble a device for extracting juice from vegetables and fruits.

 Some mechanical refinement requires a feed screw shaft, a pressing screw and a grill. A shaft extension is installed at the output end of the feed screw shaft, the juice extractor attachment screw is cut from a large base to obtain a plane in the form of a knife for cleaning the grate from the side of the juicer, and grooves are made in the lower part of the grate for the juice to flow onto the filter screen.

 Using the modified parts, collect the proposed device and, after checking at idle, proceed to obtain juice. Small vegetables and fruits are fed into the loading funnel of the working device as a whole, while large ones are cut into pieces and receive natural juice at the outlet of the filter mesh, and compressed waste (squeezing) at the outlet of the juicer. The quality and quantity of the juice obtained is regulated by the size of the replaceable filter screen and the spin regulator (screw at the output of the juicer), as well as a replaceable counter grill having openings of various cross sections or a change of the chopper of the meat grinder (four or two blades).

 An experimental verification of the proposed device for extracting juice from durum fruits and vegetables without preliminary grinding of raw materials was carried out using the Belka household universal kitchen machine with a power consumption of 360 W (Belka household universal kitchen machine. Operation manual. - Yekaterinburg, OAO Uralhimmash ", 1996, 44 pp.). The retrofitting of the “Belka” UKM consisted in the fact that the output end of the shaft was replaced at the feed screw of the meat grinder, increasing its length for fixing (putting on) the pressing screw of the juicer, taking into account the knife and grill. When assembling the device, a knife with four blades and a modified lattice with additional grooves in the lower part for juice flow were installed on the feed screw shaft, and a juice extractor screw was installed on the screw shaft protruding from the lattice and the structure was assembled according to the presented scheme with a filter mesh.

 The device was tested to obtain juice from carrots and beets.

 Prepared (washed and peeled raw) vegetables were fed into the device cut into pieces of 15-20 grams so that they passed into the loading neck and then sent by the pusher.

 Example 1. Carrots, after six months of storage, peeled and cut in an amount of 630 grams, processed into juice in the proposed device. Processing time about 10 minutes. The output of juice with pulp 200 ml or 32% by weight of the feedstock.

 Example 2. Beets 1060 grams, after washing and cleaning 920 grams, processed into juice in the proposed device. Processing time 10 minutes. The yield of juice is 260 ml or 28.3%.

 The tests showed that the proposed device for extracting juice from fruits and vegetables in one operation without preliminary fine grinding of raw materials is workable and technically feasible.

 The introduction of a removable chopping knife and a counter grill between the screws in combination with the refinement of the grill and the installation of a modified pressing screw on an elongated shaft allow processing vegetable raw materials in one operation, obtaining natural juice without preliminary grinding of vegetables and fruits, similar to juice in two-stage pressing, but with less labor costs .

 It was established that the novelty is that to obtain juice by pressing from hard varieties of vegetables and fruits, preliminary thorough grinding of raw materials is not required, which shows the novelty of the device, expands the range of application of UKM, in particular, the Belka combine, and reduces the time for obtaining juice, improving its quality, since the process is continuous in one operation without intermediate contact with air.

 The proposed device for obtaining juice from vegetables and fruits of hard varieties without preliminary grinding does not require large manufacturing costs and can be included in the kit for a food processor, while the kit should include lattices (interchangeable) with grooves for the flow of juice, and the feed shaft the screw can be extended or equipped with a mounting point for the shaft extension to assemble the device.

 The proposed device can be used to expand the range of operations performed by a food processor in a domestic environment and in farm conditions, helping to process the grown crop of vegetables and fruits.

Claims (2)

 1. A device for extracting juice from vegetables and fruits, including a drive mechanism, a housing, sequentially installed feeding and pressing augers, a filter screen and a rotating chopping knife, characterized in that between the feeding and pressing augers a fixed counter grill and a rotating chopping knife are installed, and the base of the pressing screw is made with a plane in the form of a knife for cleaning the counter guard on the side of the pressing screw.  2. The device for extracting juice from fruits and vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower part of the opposing grill there are one or more grooves for the juice to flow from the feeding screw section and grinding to the pressing screw section.

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