RU2162284C1 - Root grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: root grinder has charging throat, housing, hydraulic cylinders 15, cutters 4 arranged so as to define two opposite walls. Grinding chamber 3 is made rectangular. One cutter wall is made immovable and other cutter wall is adapted for cyclic displacement along guides. EFFECT: increased efficiency, reduced extent of root destruction and decreased amounts of root liquor released in grinding chamber. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to machines for fodder preparation, is intended for grinding root crops when laying combined silage and can also be used in the food industry.

 Known chopper root crops, which is intended for cutting root crops into plates. It contains a loading neck, a bed and a cutting apparatus made in the form of fixed knives and a clamping mechanism, the knives are mounted on intersecting walls with the possibility of forming a Y-shaped grinding chamber, and the clamping mechanism is made in the form of a vertical plate mounted on a horizontal hinge, and is equipped with a mechanism displacement (SU 1611265 class A 01 F 29/00, 1990).

 The disadvantage of this device is that due to the Y-shaped grinding chamber formed by intersecting fixed knife walls with one clamping mechanism on both walls, high performance is not achieved, and the clamping mechanism, made in the form of a pushing plate, destroys the structure of root crops, accompanied by high juice removal.

 The objective of the invention is to increase productivity, reduce the degree of destruction of the structure of root crops and reduce juice production in the grinding chamber.

 The problem is solved in that, in contrast to the prototype, the grinding chamber is made in a rectangular shape, and the knives are grouped into two opposite knife walls, one of which is fixed motionless, and the second is made with the possibility of cyclic movement along the guides. Therefore, the proposed solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

 When studying other known technical solutions in the art, the claimed distinguishing features were not identified. Therefore, the proposed solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

 In FIG. 1 schematically shows a root crop chopper, general view; in FIG. 2 is a plan view, section AA; in FIG. 3 is a General sectional view; in FIG. 4 - section BB; in FIG. 3 is a view B in FIG. 2.

 The chopper contains a loading neck 1 (Fig. 1), passing into the housing 2. In the housing 2 of the chopper there is a grinding chamber 3 (Fig. 2, 3) of a rectangular shape, and the knives 4 are grouped into two opposite knife walls: fixed 5 and movable 6 , one of which is fixed motionless, and the second is made with the possibility of cyclic movement along the guides 7 (Fig. 2). The knives 4 in the fixed knife wall 5 and the movable 6 are mounted in a zigzag manner using pins 8 (Fig. 3) on the plates 9 arranged horizontally, while the plates 9 of the fixed knife wall 5 are rigidly fixed to the sidewalls 11 (Fig. 4). The movement of the movable knife wall 6 is possible thanks to the bearings 12 mounted on the shortened axles 13 and elongated axles 14. At one end, the latter are fixed to the sidewalls 11.

 The movement of the movable side wall 6 is carried out by hydraulic cylinders 15, which are pivotally fixed at one end to the body 2, the other (rod) to the elongated axles 14 of the sidewalls 11. In the lower part of the body 2 there are unloading windows 16 for unloading the chopped root crops.

 The device operates as follows.

 Root crops through the loading neck 1 enter the grinding chamber 3. The movable knife wall 6 under the action of hydraulic cylinders 15, which are pivotally fixed at one end to the body 2, and the other to the extended axles 14 of the sidewalls 11, moves along the guides 7 due to the bearings 12, on shortened and elongated semiaxes 13 and 14, towards the fixed knife wall 5. Root tubers are pressed through both knife walls 5 and 6, cut by knives 4 into slices. Having passed through the fixed knife wall 5, the crushed root tubers fall into the unloading window 16 located behind this knife wall and are used for further use. The movable knife wall 6, reaching the extreme left position, i.e. to the fixed knife wall 5, under the action of the hydraulic cylinders 15, it goes in the opposite direction, pushing the crushed root tubers passing through the movable knife wall 6 to the second unloading window 16. At this time, the next portion of unshredded root tubers is poured into the loading neck 1.

 The movable knife wall 6, reaching the extreme right position (the hydraulic cylinder rod has entered the hydraulic cylinder) and pushing the crushed root tubers into the second discharge window, again moves towards the stationary knife wall 5, forcing the newly loaded root tubers. The process is repeated.

 The present invention allows the process of grinding root crops without abundant allocation of juice and with minimal destruction of their structure with greater throughput. Productivity growth is achieved by increasing the volume of the grinding chamber.

 The root crop chopper is easily feasible in agricultural production.

Claims (1)

 A root crop chopper, including a loading neck, a body, hydraulic cylinders, cutting knives, grouped into two oppositely located walls, characterized in that the grinding chamber is made in a rectangular shape, while one knife wall is fixed motionless, and the second is made with the possibility of cyclic movement along the guides.

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