RU2157716C2 - Method of separation of unstable emulsions and device for realization of this method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: separation of emulsions consisting of two immiscible liquids at different densities; separation f water and oil at considerable gas phase during operation of submersible pump at depth. SUBSTANCE: feed pipe with longitudinal cuts is sunken in separable media and hydrophobic and hydrophilic separation is performed. Provision is made for circular passage with radial partitions and at least two stage for light liquid and one stage for discharge of heavy liquid; separation process is performed in field of gravitational and centrifugal forces at successive flow (circular flow inclusive) through holes available in radial partitions from first stage of separation to last stage of discharge. For realization of proposed method, use is made of mechanisms of centrifugal, gravitational-and-centripetal, hydrophobic and hydrophilic separation. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of separation. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of oil and gas production, in particular to the separation of emulsions from two or more non-miscible liquids with different densities and can find application primarily for the separation of water and oil with a significant gas phase at a depth of submersible pumps. The invention can be used to separate various emulsions used in metallurgical, chemical and other industries, as well as in metal processing.

 A known method of operation and the device of a sump for oil and gas containing water (ed. St. N 1681883 authors Niyazov and others). This technical solution provides the separation of media only during periodic loading and unloading.

 Closest to the proposed solution is known from the patent of the Russian Federation N 2053008, class. B 01 D 17/038, 1996 an invention comprising a method for separating unstable emulsions, including gravitational separation processes with the movement of pre-separated liquids towards each other in the vertical direction, and then in the opposite direction with the fraction enriched in light components up, heavy components down .

 A device for separating unstable emulsions is known, which includes a gravity separator with baffles that ensure the flow of liquids towards each other in the vertical and horizontal direction (patent N 2053008, authors Milchakova V.I. and others).

 The well-known technical proposal does not solve the problem of separation, for example, of water and oil directly in an oil well at a depth of 1000 - 3000 meters. The organization of a rectilinear cascade movement of liquids from the entrance to the output inappropriately increases the size and does not allow the creation of a device with a diameter of about 100 mm. The recessed centrifugal separator during its operation will provoke the release of the gas component and the sparging of the liquid components of the emulsion. In the known device, the components of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic separation elements are poorly implemented.

 The invention solves the problem of providing effective separation of the aqueous phase with a low content of oil fractions in the water during oil production directly in the well at a depth of the submersible pump.

 The problem is achieved in that in the method of separation of unstable emulsions, including gravitational separation processes with the movement of pre-separated liquids towards each other in the vertical direction, and then in the opposite direction with the removal of the fraction enriched in light components up, heavy components down, according to the invention are introduced feeding tube with longitudinal cuts, flood it in separation media and carry out the process of hydrophobic and hydrophilic separation, enter the ring a howling channel with radial partitions, as well as at least two stages of removal for light liquids and at least one stage for removal of heavy liquids, they carry out the process of separation of liquids in the field of gravitational-centrifugal forces in a sequential flow, including circular, through openings in the radial partitions from the first stage to the last stage of the tap.

 In a device for separating unstable emulsions, including a gravity separator with baffles, ensuring the flow of fluids towards each other in the vertical and horizontal direction, according to the invention, the separator is made in the form of an annular container with radial baffles that form sectors, and in the initial sector there is a feeding pipe with at least three tubes, two of which are designed for light liquids with sequential t chenii through radial holes in the partitions separating the first stage to the last stage of discharge.

 Figure 1 shows a General view of the separator. In FIG. 2 shows its elements. The separator consists (Fig. 1) of the inner casing 1, outer 2, lateral sectors 3 (may not be present), radial partitions 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, the feed pipe 13, the first pipe oil drain 14, second oil drain pipe 15, water drain pipe 16 and bottom 17. FIG. 2 shows the principal implementation of elements 13, 4, 5, 6, 14, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 11 16, 10 and their relative position (see levels (H, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, i, j).

 To describe the operation of the separator, we first turn to figure 1. The oil-water mixture enters the pipe 13. This pipe is mostly flooded in the sector and has only a slit outlet, where the relative flow rate is less than the product speed in the pipe itself. The specific gravity of oil is up to 15-20% less than that of water, and oil has a hydrophobic property with respect to water. Fluids are hydrophilic to their own environment. Both of these qualities are implemented in the immersion sector of the pipe, where the bottom is mostly water and where the top is more oil. Further, the products pass through elements 4, 5, 6 and oil enters the pipe 14. Separation continues at elements 8, 9, 10. The second stage of oil drainage is 15. Water passes through element 11 and is discharged through pipe 16. Oil and water are collected in appropriate containers (not shown) and from there the oil is sucked up by the oil pump through the transportation sector (TrH) and fed up. Pure water is pumped down by the water pump. All tanks, including the inlet pipe and separator, are vented with gas exhaust communication.

During the feasibility study of the invention, the following was established. The average power of electric motors of submersible pumps is 200 kW. Of this capacity, 20% is spent on raising oil, the remaining 160 kW go on raising hot water. In the process of sedimentation, the water is cooled. Then it is heated to a temperature of 80-90 ^o C or cold is pumped into the oil reservoir. In some cases, extremely unfavorable environmental situations are created. The injection of already hot water from the separation level (2000 meters) to a relative depth of 100-200 meters (i.e. 2100 - 2200 m) will require approximately 16-20 kW. The energy savings at each well will be about 140 kW. This invention can be performed with one step of the tap, and more. When used on the surface, for example, for separating emulsions in metal processing, the device may contain its own pumps, filters to delay mechanical components and all the necessary automation.

Claims (2)

 1. The method of separation of unstable emulsions, including gravitational separation processes with the movement of pre-separated liquids towards each other in the vertical direction, and then in the opposite direction with the removal of the fraction enriched in light components up, heavy components down, characterized in that the feeding pipe is introduced with longitudinal cutouts, flood it in separation media and carry out the process of hydrophobic and hydrophilic separation, introduce an annular channel with radial partitions, and t At least two stages of removal for light liquids and at least one stage for removal of heavy liquids carry out the process of separation of liquids in the field of gravitational-centrifugal forces in a sequential flow, including circular, through openings in radial partitions from the first separation stage to the last retraction steps.  2. A device for separating unstable emulsions, including a gravity separator with baffles, ensuring the flow of fluids towards each other in the vertical and horizontal direction, characterized in that the separator is made in the form of an annular container with radial baffles forming sectors, and a feed pipe is installed in the initial sector with longitudinal cuts, and in the sectors of the drain placed at least three tubes, two of which are designed for light fluid with sequential flow and through holes in the radial partitions of the first separation stage to the last stage of discharge.

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