RU215766U1 - RADIATION RECEIVING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of optical instrumentation and relates to a device for receiving radiation. The device contains an input optical system, a photodetector, a shutter installed between the input optical system and the photodetector with the possibility of its input/output from the optical path using a movement unit and a shutter return mechanism. In addition, the device contains a shutter latch equipped with a control unit and a latch return mechanism. The input of the movement unit and the input of the control unit are configured to be connected to the power source of the radiation receiving device. The control unit is configured to provide control of the latch when the supply voltage is turned off and contains a mechanism for moving the latch, a voltage converter, a diode, a capacitor, and a switching unit. The device additionally includes a charge level meter and a device for switching off the voltage converter. The inputs of the charge level meter are connected to the corresponding terminals of the capacitor, and the output is connected to the input of the device for turning off the voltage converter, the output of which is connected to the control input of the voltage converter. EFFECT: reducing the consumption of electrical energy consumed by the device by an average of 4-5 times due to periodic complete shutdown of the voltage converter in the open shutter mode while maintaining the control unit operability. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to optical instrumentation and can be used in systems with highly sensitive photodetectors operating under conditions where photodetectors can be affected by destructive radiation, for example, solar irradiation when systems are installed on aerospace-based objects.

A device for receiving radiation is known (US 2016004422 A1, IPC H04N 5/238, H04N 5/33, H04N 5/225, publication date 11.02.2016; Fig. 6 - embodiment with an input optical system and magnetic bias elements), containing an input optical a system, a photodetector, a shutter installed between the input optical system and the photodetector with the possibility of its input/output from the optical path using a movement unit and a shutter return mechanism.

The shutter can be set using the movement block either to the position when the optical flow enters the photodetector (open position), or, in the event of a power failure, using the return mechanism to the position when the optical flow is blocked (closed position). Blocking is necessary to protect the photodetector from damaging solar radiation.

The disadvantage of this device is the increased consumption of electrical energy when holding the shutter in the open position, which is usually equal to 4-6 W, associated with the need to compensate for the force of the shutter return mechanism aimed at setting the shutter in the closed position, which affects the overall power consumption. , the value of which in some cases should be extremely minimal.

The prototype is a radiation receiving device (RU 2766857 C1, IPC H04N 5/238, G02B 26/02, published 03/16/2022), containing an input optical system, a photodetector, a shutter installed between the input optical system and the photodetector with the possibility of input-output it from the optical path by means of a moving unit and a shutter return mechanism, a shutter latch equipped with a control unit and a latch return mechanism, the movement unit input and the control unit input are configured to be connected to the power source of the radiation receiving device, and the control unit is configured to provide control latch when the supply voltage is turned off and contains a mechanism for moving the latch, a voltage converter, a diode, a capacitor, a switching unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the mechanism for moving the latch, while the first input of the switching unit is connected to the input of the voltage converter and is the input of the control unit ion, the positive output of the voltage converter through a diode is connected to the second input of the switching unit and one of the terminals of the capacitor, the second terminal of which is connected to the negative output of the voltage converter and the second input of the latch movement mechanism.

The shutter, after being set to the open position, is held by a shutter lock that blocks the movement of the shutter, which ensures low energy consumption for holding it.

Return to the closed position when the power is turned off is carried out by the return mechanism of the shutter by unlocking the shutter by the mechanism for moving the latch, using the energy accumulated by the capacitor of the control unit.

The capacitor is charged by a voltage converter, which produces the required voltage level during the entire time of power supply to the radiation receiving device.

The power of the voltage converter is selected sufficient to charge the capacitor to the required level during the transition of the shutter from the closed to the open position, so that immediately after the transition to the open position, it would be possible to close the shutter when the supply voltage is turned off.

Required for the prompt execution of the task being solved, the time for the transition of the shutter from the closed to the open position is, as a rule, a few seconds, and therefore, to charge the capacitor during this time, a sufficiently powerful voltage converter is required, as a rule, with an output power of 5-8 W, and , therefore, a sufficiently large output current of several hundred milliamps.

After the capacitor is charged with the switching node closed, the value of the consumed output current of the voltage converter will be determined by the discharge rate (leakage currents) of the capacitor, the switching device and the diode and is a few microamperes, while the voltage converter is practically during the entire time when the supply voltage is applied to it (except for the time shutter from closed to open position, that is, when operating with an open shutter) will operate in a mode close to the idle mode.

The voltage converter, even when operating in idle mode, has internal conversion losses, which are usually equal to 10-15% of the rated output power, that is, a value of the order of 1.0-1.2 W, which for a number of systems aerospace-based, in which a radiation receiving device is used, is critical.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the increased consumption of electrical energy of the radiation receiving device, reaching up to 1.3 W in the mode when the capacitor is already charged to the required level, which practically coincides in time with the process of opening the curtain, that is, when working with the curtain set to the open position .

The technical result of the utility model is to reduce the consumption of electrical energy by periodically turning off the voltage converter when working with the shutter in the open position while maintaining the voltage on the capacitor in the required interval, sufficient to trigger the shutter latch mechanism.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a radiation receiving device containing an input optical system, a photodetector, a shutter installed between the input optical system and a photodetector with the possibility of its input/output from the optical path using a movement unit and a shutter return mechanism, a shutter latch, equipped with a control unit and a latch return mechanism, wherein the input of the movement unit and the input of the control unit are configured to be connected to the power source of the radiation receiving device, the control unit is configured to provide control of the latch when the supply voltage is turned off, while the control unit contains a mechanism for moving the latch , voltage converter, diode, capacitor, switching unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the latch movement mechanism, while the first input of the switching unit is connected to the input of the voltage converter and is the input of the control unit, position The positive output of the voltage converter is connected through a diode to the second input of the switching unit and one of the terminals of the capacitor, the second terminal of which is connected to the negative output of the voltage converter and the second input of the latch movement mechanism, according to the present invention, a charge level meter and a device for turning off the voltage converter are additionally introduced, with In this case, the inputs of the charge level meter are connected to the corresponding terminals of the capacitor, and the output is connected to the input of the device for turning off the voltage converter, the output of which is connected to the control input of the voltage converter.

In FIG. 1 shows a device for receiving radiation.

In FIG. 2 shows the latch control unit.

The radiation receiving device (Fig. 1) contains an input optical system 1, a photodetector 2, a shutter 3 installed between the input optical system 1 and the photodetector 2, with the possibility of its input-output from the optical path using a movement block 4 and a return mechanism 5 curtain 3, latch 6 of the curtain 3, equipped with a control unit 7 and a return mechanism 8.

The input of the block 4 for moving the shutter 3 and the input of the control block 7 are made with the possibility of connecting to the power source of the radiation receiving device (not shown in the drawings).

The control unit 7 is configured to provide control of the latch 6 when the supply voltage is turned off.

The control unit 7 contains a mechanism 9 for moving the latch 6, a voltage converter 10, a diode 11, a capacitor 12, and a switching unit 13.

The output of the switching node 13 is connected to the first input of the mechanism 9 for moving the latch 6, while the first input of the switching node 13 is connected to the input of the voltage converter 10 and is the input of the control unit 7.

The positive output of the voltage converter 10 through the diode 11 is connected to the second input of the switching unit 13 and one of the terminals of the capacitor 12, the second output of which is connected to the negative output of the voltage converter 10 and the second input of the mechanism 9 for moving the latch 6.

The difference of the proposed device for receiving radiation is that it additionally introduced a charge level meter 14 and a device 15 for turning off the voltage converter 10.

The inputs of the charge level meter 14 are connected to the corresponding terminals of the capacitor 12.

The output of the meter 14 of the charge level is connected to the input of the device 15 to turn off the converter 10 voltage.

The output of the switching device 15 is connected to the control input of the voltage converter 10 .

The radiation receiving device operates as follows.

Before the supply voltage is applied to the radiation receiving device due to the action of the return mechanism 5 of the shutter 3, which can be used, for example, as a spring, the shutter 3 is in the closed position and blocks the optical flow to the photodetector 2 (this position of the shutter 3 is shown by a dotted line in Fig. 1). The spring is under tension.

When the supply voltage is applied to the radiation receiving device, the movement block 4, which can be performed, for example, on a stepper motor equipped with a control module (not shown in the drawings), overcoming the resistance of the return mechanism 5 of the curtain 3, compressing the spring, moves the curtain 3 to the open position .

In this case, when the shutter 3 reaches the open position, the latch 6, which can be made, for example, in the form of a solenoid armature (for the case when the mechanism 9 for moving the latch 6 is made, for example, in the form of a solenoid winding), blocks the possibility of returning the shutter 3 to the closed position.

After a certain, pre-known number of steps of the stepper motor of the movement unit 4, which ensures the open position of the shutter 3, the voltages on the windings of the stepper motor are set to zero volts, that is, the power part of the movement unit 4 (stepper motor) is de-energized. In this case, the shutter 3 remains in the open position due to the latch 6. The consumption of the movement unit 4 in this mode is minimal (approximately 50 mW).

Also, immediately after the supply voltage is applied to the radiation receiving device, it also goes to the voltage converter 10, which charges the capacitor 12 through the diode 11, and to the first control input of the switching unit 13, which ensures its installation in the closed state, that is, its second input is turned off. from his exit.

The output voltage of the voltage converter 10 corresponds to the required supply voltage of the mechanism 9 for moving the latch 6.

Switching node 13 can be made, for example, on a solid-state normally closed opto-relay (opto-relay consumption is not more than 40 mW).

In the event of an emergency or normal shutdown of the supply voltage of the radiation receiving device, the voltage to the first control input of the switching unit 13 ceases to flow, which leads to the closure of its second input and output.

In this case, the voltage from the charged capacitor 12 is supplied to the mechanism 9 for moving the latch 6.

The capacitor 12 is discharged, that is, the current flows through the mechanism 9 for moving the latch 6 (the solenoid winding).

During the flow of the discharge current of the capacitor 12, the latch 6, overcoming the resistance of the return mechanism 8 of the latch 6 (spring), is displaced (drawn into the solenoid) and goes beyond the shutter 3.

Curtain 3 is unlocked and under the action of the return mechanism 5 curtain 3 returns to the closed position.

After the discharge of the capacitor 12 (the discharge time depends on the capacitance of the capacitor 12, the value of which is chosen sufficient to return the curtain 3 to the closed position), the return mechanism 8 of the latch 6 (spring) is released. The diode 11 prevents the discharge of the capacitor 12 through the voltage converter 10 when the supply voltage of the radiation receiving device is turned off.

During the entire time the power supply voltage is supplied to the radiation receiving device, the charge level meter 14 measures the voltage across the capacitor 12.

For normal operation of the mechanism 9 for moving the latch 6, this voltage must be at least a certain value U _min .

From the voltage converter 10, the capacitor 12 receives (taking into account the drop across the diode 11) voltage U _max .

The charge level meter 14 operates in comparator mode with a hysteresis equal to ΔU=U _max -U _min .

At the beginning, when the supply voltage is applied to the radiation receiving device, the voltage across the capacitor 12 will be equal to zero volts.

In this case, the charge level meter 14 turns on the voltage converter 10 via the switching device 15 .

The voltage on the capacitor 12 begins to rise and when the value U _max is reached, the charge level meter 14 switches off the voltage converter 10 through the switch-off device 15.

The capacitor 12 is slowly discharged (due to the leakage currents of the capacitor 12, the switching unit 13 and the diode 11), and when the voltage on it reaches the level U _min , the charge level meter 14 through the switching device 15 turns on the voltage converter 10 again.

The voltage on the capacitor 12 will again increase to the level U _max , that is, the voltage on the capacitor 12 will periodically (with a period T) vary from U _max to U _min . In this case, the time t _on. finding the voltage converter 10 in the on state will be significantly less than the time spent in the off state.

The ratio between T and t _incl. , that is, the duty cycle, will be determined by the quality (leakage currents) of the capacitor 12, the switching unit 13 and the diode 11. Typically, the duty cycle in such cases has a value of the order of 200-1000.

The power consumed by the voltage converter 10 when charging the capacitor 12 from voltage U _min to voltage U _max , insignificant, as a rule, no more than 30% of its rated power, and depends, among other things, on the value of hysteresis ΔU, which, as a rule, is small .

The average power consumption of the voltage converter 10 in the considered mode does not exceed 10 mW.

The total power consumed by the charge level meter 14, which can be performed, for example, on a low-power comparator, and the device 15 for turning off the voltage converter 10, which can be performed, for example, on a low-current opto-relay, does not usually exceed 10 mW.

In this case, the average power consumed by the control unit 7 in the operating mode with the curtain 3 in the open position (main operating, the longest mode), taking into account the consumption of the switching node 13, equal to 40 mW, does not exceed 60 mW.

The total power consumed by the radiation receiving device will average up to 300 mW (0.3 W), taking into account the fact that the shutter transition time from the closed to the open position is much less than the time the shutter is in the open position (from several hundred to several thousand times ).

Thus, the implementation of the device for receiving radiation in accordance with the proposed technical solution allows to reduce the consumption of electrical energy consumed by it by an average of 4-5 times due to the periodic complete shutdown of the voltage converter 10 in the open shutter mode using a capacitor charge level meter 14 and device 15 shutdown with permanent preservation of the operability of the control unit.

Claims (1)

A radiation receiving device comprising an input optical system, a photodetector, a shutter installed between the input optical system and the photodetector with the possibility of its input/output from the optical path using a movement unit and a shutter return mechanism, a shutter latch equipped with a control unit and a latch return mechanism , while the input of the movement block and the input of the control unit are configured to be connected to the power source of the radiation receiving device, and the control unit is configured to provide control of the latch when the supply voltage is turned off, while the control unit contains a mechanism for moving the latch, a voltage converter, a diode, a capacitor , the switching unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the latch movement mechanism, while the first input of the switching unit is connected to the input of the voltage converter and is the input of the control unit, the positive output of the voltage converter is black Without a diode, it is connected to the second input of the switching unit and one of the capacitor terminals, the second terminal of which is connected to the negative output of the voltage converter and the second input of the latch movement mechanism, characterized in that it additionally contains a charge level meter and a device for turning off the voltage converter, while the inputs charge level meters are connected to the corresponding terminals of the capacitor, and the output is connected to the input of the device for switching off the voltage converter, the output of which is connected to the control input of the voltage converter.

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