RU2156204C2 - Bicycle force direction changer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; bicycles. SUBSTANCE: device is designed for providing pedalling in two directions. Proposed force direction changer has shaft body 30, changing ring 40, carrier 50, sun gear 60 and/cap 70 of driving sprocket between pedal shaft 20 and driving sprocket 73. Cams 62 of sun gear 60 provide unidirectional rotation of carrier 50 at forward pedalling. Changing ring 40 lets cams 32 come out from holes on shaft body 30 and thus stops carrier 50 at backward pedalling. Carrier 50 is provided with ratchets 51 and 52 on outer and inner sides of left-hand section, respectively, and planetary gears 54 on right-hand section. Planetary gears 54 maintain, at forward pedalling, or change at backward pedalling, direction of force transmitted from pedal shaft 20 to inner gear 71 of cap 70 of driving sprocket and thus transmit force to driving sprocket. EFFECT: provision of possibility of mounting for direction changer onto standard bicycle, improved reliability of device. 15 cl, 11 dwg

Description

 The present invention relates to a device for changing the direction of effort for a bicycle, and more particularly, to a device for changing the direction of force connected to the hub of the pedal shaft, in which the bicycle can move forward all the time by controlling the shift lever when the bicycle is pedaled forward or backward, free wheeling it is also allowed, if required, when pedaling the bicycle backwards, similar to the way pedaling backwards on a regular bicycle.

 In general, a bicycle includes front and rear wheels in front and behind the bicycle frame and a pair of pedals between the wheels as a source of energy. The driving force for the bicycle is obtained by pedaling, and then this force is transmitted to the rear wheel through the drive sprocket, chain and drive sprocket. This regular bike moves forward when pedaling forward by a cyclist, and when pedaling back, the rear wheel of the bicycle rotates without load due to the unidirectional ratchet of the rear wheel hub, in which the rotation of the rear wheel without load is called "free wheeling".

 Inventions have been disclosed on new bicycle parts that allow bidirectional pedaling to a conventional bike, for which only unidirectional pedaling is allowed. In particular, the inventions of Mantzursos and others, as well as Foster and others, as set forth below.

 In accordance with the invention of Mantzursos et al. (EPO publication N 0369925), two gears are mounted on the pedal shaft and an auxiliary gear is installed between the two gears to be disconnected. In this case, the bicycle of this invention can move like a normal bicycle when pedaling is performed in a mode where the auxiliary gear is detached. However, the bicycle can move forward by changing the direction of rotation of the pedal shaft of the auxiliary gear when pedaling backwards, if the auxiliary gear is connected.

 On the other hand, in accordance with the invention of Foster et al. (US Pat. No. 5,435,583), the gearbox is mounted on the pedal shaft, including two gears, two couplings between them and a bevel gear between the teeth of the two gears. In this case, the bicycle of this invention can move like a normal bicycle - when pedaling while the clutch is connected to the right gear. However, the bicycle can move forward when the direction of rotation of the pedal shaft changes with a bevel gear when pedaling is performed backward while the clutch is connected to the left gear.

 The two aforementioned inventions are significant in the aspect of the bi-directional pedaling device, which can propel the bicycle forward by means of the middle gear when pedaling is performed backward. However, the service life of the bi-directional pedaling device is reduced due to the abrasion of a specific section, to which the force is applied to change the direction of the force, and there is also some inconvenience in the operation of the device to change the direction of the force.

 A bi-directional pedaling device with a solution to the aforementioned disadvantages is disclosed in Korean Patent Application No. 94-13391. In accordance with this application, a predetermined closed space is formed between one end of the pedal shaft and the drive sprocket, and two unidirectional ratchets are installed on the outer and inner sections of this space. In addition, a ratchet wheel is provided in the enclosed space to which a plurality of planetary gears are rotationally mounted, and a shift lever for controlling locking and unlocking of the external unidirectional ratchet. The bi-directional pedaling mechanism of a bicycle in a bi-directional pedaling device is described below.

 When pedaling forward, the pedal, ratchet wheel and drive sprocket rotate integrally to propel the bicycle forward. Whereas when pedaling back the external unidirectional ratchet is activated instead of the internal unidirectional ratchet by the change lever. There are two cases where the external ratchet is locked and unlocked. First, when pedaling back while the external ratchet is locked, many planetary gears rotate around their own axes so that the direction of rotation of the pedal shaft changes, and then the force from the pedal shaft is transmitted to the drive sprocket, thereby driving the bicycle forward. Second, when pedaling back while the external ratchet is unlocked, planetary gears rotate and simultaneously rotate around the pedal shaft in conjunction with the ratchet wheel. As a result, the force from the pedal shaft cannot be transmitted to the drive sprocket, which leads to idle pedals.

 In accordance with the above Korean application N 94-13391, the concentration of power in a specific area by changing the direction of the force is prevented by the distribution of force using multiple planetary gears. Thus, the life of the bi-directional pedaling device is extended, and the direction of rotation of the pedal shaft can be changed in a simple way by using the shift lever. In addition, the bi-directional pedaling device can work efficiently by incorporating small and precise parts.

 However, according to the aforementioned Korean Patent Application No. 94-13391, the mass production of parts and the assembly of each part are difficult, and the bi-directional pedaling device cannot be placed on a regular bicycle, so that its parts need to be partially improved. In addition, each component may be broken by the reversal load caused by the backward movement of the bicycle.

 As an improvement with respect to the bicycle disclosed in Korean Patent No. 94-13391, the present invention aims to provide a force changing device for a bicycle that could be mass produced by improving the shape of each component suitable for simple manufacture and assembly, as well as directly mounted on a regular bike, by improving parts and incorporating accessories while preventing damage to parts caused by heat Coy reversal.

 The force direction changing apparatus of the present invention includes basic components for a bicycle, such as a pedal shaft, a rear wheel, a drive sprocket rotating on a pedal shaft, a drive sprocket for transmitting driving force to the drive sprocket to the rear wheel, and a chain connecting the drive sprocket and drive sprocket. The main characteristic of the present invention is the name: "Device for changing the direction of effort", made in the enclosed space between the pedal shaft and the drive sprocket. In this case, the shape of the parts used to make the device for changing the direction of the force is a hollow cylinder of a ring or gear type.

 The device for changing the direction of effort of the present invention is located between the pedal shaft and the drive sprocket and includes a shaft housing, a direction changing ring, carrier, sun gear and sprocket cap. The functions of each component are described below.

 The directional ring, carrier, sun gear are placed in the shaft housing and it supports the rotating pedal shaft and simultaneously controls the carrier using a variety of cams that go out and are inserted into many holes made on the inside of the rim of the right shaft housing cap when pedaling backwards. The direction-changing ring frees and inserts the cams into the shaft housing when pedaling backward, and the carrier having ratchets on the outer and inner sides of its left section, and in addition, the many planetary gears rotationally mounted on the right section, support or change the direction of effort from the pedal shaft , thus transmitting force to the drive sprocket. The sun gear transmits the driving force from the pedal shaft to the carrier in communication with the pedal shaft. In addition, the sprocket cap, having a gear on the right inner side of its rim, receives the force from the carrier to set the bicycle in forward motion all the time, regardless of the direction of pedaling - forward or backward.

 The bicycle moves forward while pedaling forward and backward when the device for changing the direction of force is mounted on the bicycle. The device for changing the direction of effort of the present invention, as one of the "bidirectional pedaling devices" is different from the usual bidirectional pedaling device with constituent parts and a working mechanism. In addition, in accordance with the force changing device of the present invention, the shapes of each of the constituent elements are optimized, thereby preventing stress concentration on a specific site. In addition, all component parts are made integrally, which simplifies the process of assembly. A device for changing the direction of effort includes a changing lever for ease of control, as well as an auxiliary ring for mounting the device on a regular bicycle without modification of a conventional bicycle.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a device for changing the direction of force for a bicycle in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a disassembled device for changing the direction of effort in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right-side view showing an example of a sun gear included in a force changing device in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4A is a working diagram of a device for changing the direction of force in section along the line AA of FIG. 1, when the change ring allows the first cams to protrude from the openings of the shaft housing;
FIG. 4B is a working diagram of a device for changing the direction of force in a section along line AA of FIG. 1, when the change ring blocks the output of the first cams from the openings of the shaft housing;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a device for changing the direction of force along line BB of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for changing a direction of force in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a view from the right side of the shaft housing included in the force direction changing apparatus shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a left side view of a carrier included in the force direction changing apparatus shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a left side view of an asterisk cap included in the force direction changing apparatus shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 10 is a right side view of a device for controlling a change ring in accordance with another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view when a device for changing the direction of force is mounted on a conventional bicycle in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

 The present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1-5.

 As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, the shaft housing 30, the change ring 40, the carrier 50, the sun gear 60 and the sprocket cap 70 are connected in series on the shaft of the bicycle pedal 20 to form a complete device for changing the direction of effort by attaching the fixing nut 90 to the outside of the sprocket cap 70. Structure each part and their functions will be described sequentially.

 The shaft housing 30 supports the rotating shaft of the pedal 20 and has many holes 31 on the inner side of the rim of the right cap of the shaft housing 30, into which a plurality of cams 32 are inserted. In addition, an opening 33 is made in the side wall of the right cap, into which the gear 81 is introduced to control the ring changes 40. The shaft housing 30 having the aforementioned structure holds the change ring 40, carrier 50 and the sun gear 60 in series and simultaneously performs the function of carrier rotation 50 or preventing carrier rotation 50 through PTO cam 32 located on the rim of the housing 30 when pedaling backwards. Here, a spring is inserted between the shaft housing and the cams 32 for resiliently holding the cams 32 in the holes 31.

 The change ring 40 has a gear 41 on one side of it toward the pedal shaft and a plurality of holes 42 on the surface portion, the gear 41 is meshed with the gear 81 to rotate the change ring 40, and the holes 42 allow the cam 32 to protrude or recess. can rotate when the cams 32 slip into the openings 42, but the carrier 50 can rotate when the change ring 40 blocks the cams 32 in the openings 31 of the shaft housing 30.

 The carrier 50, which has the shape of a hollow cylinder, has ratchets 51 and 52 on the outer and inner sides of the left section, respectively, and the ring 53, which has many holes, in the right section of the carrier 50, where the right section is integrally connected to the left section, so that there are many planetary the gears 54 are rotationally mounted by the shaft of the planetary gears 55 in the ring 53. The external ratchet 51 of the carrier 50 having the aforementioned design interacts with the cams of the shaft housing 30, and the internal ratchet 52 interacts with the cams of the sun gear 62 60, which will be described below. On the other hand, the inner portion of the planetary gears 54 of the carrier 50 interacts with the gear 61 of the sun gear 60, and their outer portion interacts with the gear 71 made on the inside of the sprocket cap 70, which will be described later.

 The carrier 50 has the function of transmitting force from the pedal shaft 20 to the sprocket cap 70 by maintaining or changing the direction of the force from the pedal shaft 20, which is the most important in the present invention. The planetary gears 54 of the carrier 50 dissipate the force concentrated in a particular area by changing the direction of the force and it is preferable that the number of planetary gears is eight.

 The sun gear 60 is in the form of a hollow cylinder with ledges, and the left portion with a smaller diameter of the sun gear 60 has many holes 63 on the outside, where the cams 62 are installed, and the inside of the left portion has a hexagonal center hole; spline-shaped, so that the left section is integrally attached to the shaft of the pedal 20. In addition, the right section with a large diameter sun gear 60 has a gear 61 on the outside. In the sun gear 60 having the aforementioned structure, the cams 62 interact with the inner ratchet 52 of the carrier 50, and the gear 61 interacts with the planetary gear 54 of the carrier 50. Here, the preferred number of cams is four.

 The elasticization of the cams 32 and 62 can be provided by the following methods. First, a coil or band spring is inserted under the cams. Second, a groove with a predetermined angle is made in each cam, as shown in FIG. 3, and then each cam is connected by an annular spring 65 to provide linear tension.

 In addition, in accordance with the present invention, the cams 32 and the change ring 40 are located on the outside of the carrier 50 to control the carrier only when the shaft of the pedal 20 rotates in the opposite direction. In addition, the cams 62 are located on the outside of the sun gear 60 and provide the carrier 50 unidirectional rotation when rotating forward.

 Since the sun gear 60 is integrally connected with the shaft of the pedal 20, the sun gear 60 transfers the force from the pedal shaft 20 to the carrier 50, rotating in the same direction in the direction of rotation of the pedal shaft 20.

 The sprocket cap 70 has a gear 71 on the right side of FIG. 1 of the inner side of its rim and a plurality of threads or mounting brackets 72 on the outer side of the rim, so that drive sprockets 73 having multiple steps are attached to it. In addition, the bearing 74 is fixed in the center of the sprocket cap 70 so that the sprocket cap 70 can rotate independently and independently on the pedal shaft 20. The gear 71 of the sprocket cap 70 having the aforementioned design interacts with planetary gears 54, thereby absorbing force from the pedal shaft 20 through carrier 50.

 The sprocket cap 70 rotates forward all the time, regardless of the direction of rotation of the pedal shaft 20.

 Positions 10, 11, 21 and 22 in FIG. 1, which have not been explained above, respectively represent a bicycle frame, a pedal shaft hub, a shaft bearing and a washer.

 When connecting the shaft housing 30 with the cap of the sprocket 70 on the shaft of the bicycle pedal 20, a closed space is formed between them, and the change ring 40, carrier 50 and the sun gear 60 are assembled so that they interact with each other in this space, then the fixing nut 90 is fixed to the outer side of the sprocket cap 70, thereby constituting an integral device for changing the direction of the force.

 The force change device is assembled in the following sequence. First, the pedal shaft 20 is rotationally mounted in the shaft housing 30, and then the change ring 40, carrier 50, the sun gear 60 and the sprocket cap 70 are assembled in sequence, centering the pedal shaft 20 of the shaft housing 30. Then, the locking nut 90 is fixed on the outside of the sprocket cap 70, thereby providing a one-piece device for changing the direction of the force.

 In addition, the change lever 80 for controlling the change ring 40 is mounted on the side of the shaft housing 30 and is attached to the gear 81. The change lever 80 moves the change ring 40 using the movement of the gear 81.

 The operation and effect of the device for changing the direction of effort in accordance with the present invention having the above construction will be described below.

 For convenience of description, the operation of the present invention will be described with the division of the method of operation into "forward movement by pedaling forward," forward movement by pedaling backward "and" free running by pedaling backward ".

 First, “moving forward by pedaling forward” means that the bicycle moves forward when the pedal shaft 20 is driven clockwise (this direction is indicated based on the case when the bicycle is viewed from the right with respect to the direction of movement of the bicycle, which also applies to the following description), as shown in FIG. 4 and 5. Here, the force from the pedal shaft 20 is transmitted as described below.

 When the pedal shaft 20 is driven clockwise, the sun gear 60 rotates clockwise in cooperation with the pedal shaft 20. Here, since the cams 62 interact with the internal ratchet 52, the carrier 50 rotates in the same direction as the pedal shaft 20. Accordingly, planetary gears 54 do not rotate, while the gear 71 of the sprocket cap 70, which interacts with planetary gears 54, rotates clockwise. Thus, the pedal shaft 20 and the cap of the sprocket 70 rotate in the same direction of each other, allowing the bicycle to move forward.

 Second, “forward pedaling backward” means that the bicycle moves forward when the pedal shaft 20 is driven counterclockwise. In this case, the force from the shaft of the pedal 20 is transmitted as follows. For this mode, the cams 32 and the external ratchet 51 must interact with each other by controlling the change ring 40, as shown in FIG. 4A.

 When the pedal shaft 20 is driven counterclockwise, the sun gear 60 rotates counterclockwise in cooperation with the pedal shaft 20. In this case, since the cams 62 slip along the inner ratchet 52, it is not possible to transmit force to the carrier 50. Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 5, the gear 61 of the sun gear 60 transmits force to the planet gears 54, which cooperate with the sun gear 60, thereby rotating the planet gears 54 clockwise. In this case, the rotation of the planetary gears 54 provides a force for rotation of the carrier 50, which is integrally connected with the planetary gears 54. However, the carrier 50 cannot rotate counterclockwise, since the cams 32 interact with the external ratchet 51 of the carrier 50, as shown in FIG. 4A. Thus, the cap of the sprocket 70 interacting with the planetary gears 54 rotates clockwise, while only the planetary gears 54 rotate as shown in FIG. 5. By this operation, the direction of the driving force applied to the pedal shaft 20 counterclockwise changes through the force direction changing device of the present invention by rotating the cap of the sprocket 70 clockwise.

 Third, “free running by pedaling backwards” means that the bicycle cannot move, since the force is not transmitted to the cap of the sprocket 70 while only idling occurs when the pedal shaft 20 is driven counterclockwise. In this case, the force from the shaft of the pedal 20 is transmitted as follows. For this mode, the cams 32 of the shaft housing 30 and the external ratchet 51 of the carrier 50 should not interact with each other by controlling the change ring 40, as shown in FIG. 4B.

 In this case, the process of transmitting the force for the aforementioned operation is the same as when “moving forward by pedaling backward” to the phase where the counterclockwise force is applied to the carrier 50 by planetary gears 54, except that the carrier itself rotates counterclockwise around the pedal shaft 20 arrows while the planetary gears rotate because the cams 32 do not interact with the external ratchet 51. Thus, the force from the shaft of the pedal 20 is transmitted only to the carrier 50, not to the cap of the sprocket 70, so that the bicycle cannot move sya.

 The idle pedaling backwards in a conventional bike is different from the idle pedaling backwards by the device for changing the direction of effort of the present invention in the following aspects. When idling, pedaling backwards in a normal bicycle, the drive sprocket and chain rotate in the opposite direction in cooperation with the pedal shaft. However, the drive sprocket and chain do not rotate in the present invention.

 As described above, the device of the present invention, as one of the "bidirectional forward movement devices", transmits the force in a manner different from the conventional device by including new parts. In addition, since the shape of each component part is optimized, the concentration of load on a specific area is prevented. Each part is given a finished shape, so assembly can be performed in a simple manner. In addition, to simplify the operation of the device, a lever is attached, the shaft housing structure is modified for direct mounting on a conventional bicycle, which will be explained in the following embodiments of the present invention.

 The first, second and third embodiments of the present invention are described below. In the first embodiment, the unidirectional ratchet used to rotate forward and the ratchet to control reverse rotation bias each other. In the second embodiment, the change lever is replaced by wire. In addition, in the third embodiment, the shape of the shaft housing is modified, so that the device for changing the direction of effort can be connected directly without modification of a conventional bicycle.

Option 1
In FIG. 6 to 9, the main feature of this option is to change the locations of the unidirectional ratchet used to rotate forward and the ratchet to control reverse rotation. This means that the location of the ratchet used to rotate forward is shifted from the inside of the carrier to the outside of it, while the location of the ratchet used to control the reverse rotation is shifted in the reverse order.

 To offset the locations of the aforementioned two ratchets, each component is made in a shape different from the above described invention. However, the number of parts is the same as that of the aforementioned invention, and its operation is similar to the aforementioned invention. The shape of the modified parts will be described below.

 As shown in FIG. 6 and 7, the shaft housing 130 has a hollow cylindrical extension on the right side and a plurality of holes 131 on the outside, into which a plurality of cams 132 are inserted. The shaft housing 130 has a circular plate-type side wall and an opening 133 for positioning the gear 81 of the present invention in position close to the shaft 120 compared to the hole 33 of the present invention, since the shaft housing 130 is formed by removing the rim of the shaft housing 30.

 The change ring 140 in this embodiment differs from the change ring 40 in the aforementioned invention in that the gear 141 is formed on one side thereof to the outside of the pedal shaft 120. The change ring 140 is located between the cams 132 and the inner ratchet 151 of the carrier 150.

 As shown in FIG. 6 and 8, the carrier 150 of this embodiment has a plurality of holes 153a into which a plurality of cams 152 are inserted on the outside of the left portion of the carrier 150, and a ratchet 151 on the inside of the left portion. In addition, the right portion of carrier 150 is the same as carrier 50 of the present invention. In a carrier 150 having the aforementioned construction, the cams 152 interact with the ratchet 172 of the sprocket cap 170, and the ratchet 151 of the carrier 150 interacts with the cams 132 of the shaft housing 130.

 The sun gear 160 of this embodiment has an inner side attached to the pedal shaft, and an outer one having gear 161 that interacts only with a plurality of planetary gears 154.

 In addition, as shown in FIG. 6 and 9, the sprocket cap 170 has a gear 171 to the right of FIG. 6 on the inside of the rim and ratchet 172 on the left. Thus, gear 171 interacts with planetary gears 154 of carrier 150, and ratchet 172 interacts with cams 152 of carrier 150.

 Other details are the same as those of the aforementioned present invention. In addition, in FIG. 6-9, reference numeral 110 denotes a bicycle frame, 111 indicates a pedal shaft hub, 153 a carrier ring, 155 a planetary gear shaft, and 173 an asterisk fastener.

 The operation and effect of this embodiment having the above construction will be described below.

 First, “forward pedaling forward” is performed by the following mechanism. When the pedal shaft 120 rotates clockwise, the sun gear 160 rotates in the same direction as the pedal shaft 120, planetary gears 154 rotate counterclockwise. However, the carrier 150 rotates clockwise at a speed different from the speed of the pedal shaft 120, and the cams 152 of the carrier 150 interact with the ratchet 172 of the sprocket cap 170, thereby rotating the cap of the sprocket 170 clockwise.

 The following, “forward pedaling backward” occurs when the cams 132 of the shaft housing 130 interact with the ratchet 151 of the carrier 150 after the change ring 140 allows the cams 132 to exit the openings of the change ring 140. This means that the forward movement by pedaling backwards is the time when the carrier 150 was fixed. Thus, the planetary gears 154 change the direction of the force from the sun gear 160, rotating relative to their own axes and transmitting the force to the cap of the sprocket 170 clockwise.

 And finally, the “idle pedaling back” is carried out through the following mechanism. The change ring 140 blocks the exit of the cams 132 from the openings of the shaft housing, so that the carrier 150 rotates in the same direction as the pedal shaft 120. As a result, the force from the sun gear 160 cannot be transmitted to the cap of the sprocket 170.

Option 2
A second embodiment of the present invention relates to control of a change ring 40.

 The change ring 40 releases and locks the cams 32 by using the gear 81 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) made on the side wall of the shaft housing 30. To control the gear 81 in the shaft housing 30, the shaft housing 30 must be drilled to obtain an opening 33, through which the change lever 80 is inserted externally. When the shift lever 80 is turned back and forth, the gear 81 rotates in cooperation with the shift lever 80, and the change ring 40, in cooperation with the gear 81, rotates in the same direction as the shift lever 80, thereby releasing and locking the cams 32.

 Said lever 80 protrudes to the outside of the shaft housing 30, so that the protruding change lever 80 prevents the attachment of the force changing device to the conventional bicycle.

 Thus, the second option is an improvement with the elimination of the aforementioned disadvantage. In this case, steel wire is used instead of a change lever for ease of attachment of the device for changing the direction of force to a conventional bicycle, thereby controlling the change ring.

 As shown in FIG. 10, the change ring control device 43 of the second embodiment has a loop 44 at one end of the change ring 43 having a plurality of holes 45. In this case, the loop 44 serves to connect the steel wire 46 from the outside of the shaft housing 30 through the hole 33, thereby controlling change ring 43. This means that change ring 43 blocks the cams 32 when the steel wire is pulled, and change ring 43 releases the cams 32 when the steel wire 46 is pushed.

Option 3
A third embodiment relates to a shaft housing 30 in which the shape of the shaft housing 30 is modified into a shape that is convenient for directly attaching the force changing device of the present invention to a conventional bicycle without modifying a conventional bicycle.

 FIG. 11 shows a force direction changing apparatus of the present invention attached to a conventional bicycle. In the third embodiment, the external shape of the shaft housing 30 having the shape of a hollow cylinder is improved.

 The shaft housing 34 of this embodiment has a multi-stage view. This means that the cylindrical shaft housing 34 is multi-stage sequentially to the left side, where the diameter of the left side is smaller than the right side of the shaft housing 34. In addition, a connecting pipe 15 is introduced to ensure compatibility when connecting the device for changing the direction of effort to the hub of the pedals 11 of a conventional bicycle. On the outside of the connecting pipe 15 there is a right-hand thread 35. In addition, the external diameter of the connecting pipe 15 is the same as the hub of the pedals 11, and its inner diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the shaft housing 34. On the other hand, an additional nut 36 is made as follows. The left-hand thread 37 is on the outside of the nut 36, and the left inner side of the nut 36 is processed so that it has a narrowing 38.

 Accordingly, the shaft housing 34 is mounted on a conventional bicycle by the following operations. First, the connecting pipe 15 is connected to the shaft housing 34 through a key connection. Then, the nut 36 is screwed on the opposite side by means of a left-hand threaded connection using a left-hand thread 37, and then the assembly is completed using the washer 39.

 When the device for changing the direction of the effort of this embodiment is connected to a conventional bicycle, the shaft housing 34 is very tightly attached to the hub of the pedals 11 even when the reverse load caused by rolling the bicycle back is applied to the device for changing the direction of the force of the present invention through the drive sprocket. This means that the reverse load applied to the device for changing the direction of the force increases, the shaft housing 34 is very tightly connected to the hub of the pedals 11 by means of a conical restriction 38 made on the inside of the nut 36, since the right-hand thread of the connecting pipe 15 and the left-hand thread 37 of the nut 36 are connected in the opposite direction to each other.

 In addition, the shaft housing 30 and the hub of the pedals 11 can be tightly connected to each other by processing the contact area between the sides of the shaft housing 30 and the hub of the pedals 11 so as to have a rib and a groove.

 The bicycle moves forward while pedaling forward and backward when the device for changing the direction of force is mounted on the bicycle. In addition, idling may occur, if necessary, when pedaling backwards when the device for changing the direction of effort is mounted on the bicycle. The device for changing the direction of effort of the present invention as one of the "bidirectional pedaling devices" differs from the conventional bi-directional pedaling device in its components and mechanism of operation. In addition, in accordance with the device for changing the direction of the force of the present invention, the shapes of each component element are optimized, thereby preventing the concentration of the load on a specific area. In addition, all components are made in perfect shape, thereby simplifying the process of assembling them. The device for changing the direction of effort includes a change lever for ease of operation of the device and an auxiliary ring, which serves to establish a device for changing the direction of effort on a conventional bicycle without modifying a conventional bicycle.

Claims (15)

 1. A device for changing the direction of effort for a bicycle as a bi-directional pedaling device, comprising a sun gear connected to the pedal shaft, a carrier to which a plurality of planetary gears are rotationally attached, and a drive sprocket with a gear on the right side of the rim of the sprocket cap, and also containing a shaft housing for supporting a rotating pedal shaft, having at least one or more holes on the inner side of the rim of the right cap of the shaft housing, into which many the number of cams, and an opening on the side wall of the shaft housing, into which the device for controlling the change ring is inserted, the cams of the shaft housing interacting with the external ratchet of the carrier, the change ring located between the shaft housing and the external ratchet of the carrier having a gear on one side of it facing to the pedal shaft, in conjunction with a device for controlling the change ring and at least one or more holes on the surface portion, allowing the protrusion or sinking of the cams of the shaft housing, In fact, the hollow cylinder carrier has ratchets on the outer and inner sides of the carrier’s left section, and the right section contains a ring with at least one or more openings located where the right section is integrally connected to the left section so that one or more planetary gears are rotationally mounted by means of a shaft of planetary gears in the ring, and the inner ratchet of the carrier interacts with the cams of the sun gear, and the inner portion of planetary gears interacts with the gear, p located on the outer side of the sun gear, and the outer portion interacts with the gear made on the inside of the sprocket cap, and the sun gear in the form of a hollow cylinder with ledges has at least one or more holes on the outside of the left portion of its smaller diameter, while the cams are introduced into these holes, and the central hole is connected with the pedal shaft on the inside of the left section, and the gear on the outside of the right section is larger in diameter, with the asterisk cap It comprises a pinion gear on the right side of its inner rim, and wherein the sprocket cap freely rotates independently on the pedal shaft and is fixed to the pedal shaft fixing nut.  2. The device according to claim 1, in which eight cams are located in the holes of the shaft housing.  3. The device according to claim 1, in which the device for controlling the change ring is a gear.  4. The device according to claim 3, in which the device for controlling the change ring, which is a gear, is controlled by setting the change lever on the outside of the shaft housing.  5. The device according to claim 1, in which the number of holes of the change ring is eight.  6. The device according to claim 1, in which the number of planetary gears of the carrier is eight.  7. The device according to claim 1, in which four cams are inserted into the holes of the sun gear.  8. The device according to any one of paragraphs.2, 7, in which the spring device is inserted between the holes and cams.  9. The device of claim 8, in which the spring device is one annular spring for connecting the grooves of the cams.  10. The device according to claim 1, in which the sun gear has a central hole of a hexagonal shape.  11. The device according to claim 1, in which the sun gear has a Central hole spline-shaped.  12. The device according to claim 1, in which the sprocket cap has a threaded surface on the outer side of the left portion of its rim and at least one or more brackets on the outer side of its right portion, so that one or more leading sprockets with multiple steps connected to the sprocket cap.  13. The device according to item 12, in which the bearing is attached to the center of the sprocket cap.  14. A device for changing the direction of effort for a bicycle as a bi-directional pedaling device containing a sun gear connected to the pedal shaft, a carrier to which many planetary gears are rotationally attached, and a drive sprocket with gear on the inside of the rim of the sprocket cap, and also comprising a housing a shaft for supporting a rotating pedal shaft having a round plate-type side wall and a hollow cylindrical extension on the right side of at least one or more cams on the outside and an insertion hole of the device for controlling the change ring, the change ring located between the cams of the shaft housing and the internal ratchet of the carrier, having a gear on one side thereof, facing the outside of the pedal shaft with communication with the device for controlling the change ring and, according to at least one or more openings on a surface portion where the cams of the shaft housing are controlled, wherein the carrier comprises at least one or more cams and a ratchet on the outside and inside respectively, and the right portion containing a ring with at least one or more holes located where the right portion is integrally connected with the left portion so that at least one or more planetary gears are rotationally mounted by means of a planetary gear shaft in the ring, and the carrier cams interact with the ratchet of the sprocket cap, while the carrier ratchet interacts with the cams of the shaft housing, and the inner portion of the planetary gears interacts with the gear on the outside the outer side of the sun gear, and their outer portion interacts with the gear on the inside of the sprocket cap, the sun gear comprising an inner side attached to the pedal shaft and an outer side with the gear; moreover, the sprocket cap contains on the inside of the rim a gear on the right and ratchet on the left, and the cap freely, independently rotates on the pedal shaft and is attached to the pedal shaft by a fixing nut.  15. The device according to any one of paragraphs.1, 14, in which the shaft housing is compatible mounted on the hub of the bicycle pedals by performing the outer side of the shaft housing with multiple ledges sequentially to the left and by using a connecting pipe with a right-hand threaded outer surface having the same outer diameter, as the diameter of the hub of the pedals, and the inner diameter is the same as the diameter of the shaft housing, and nuts with left-hand external thread and left inner side with a tapered narrowing.

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