RU2154375C1 - Reservoir for transportation and cooling of milk with the usage of natural cold in farms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural production, food-processing, milk and other branches of industry. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has cylindrical reservoir with milk discharge faucet. Reservoir is enclosed in resilient casing provided with openable hatches in its part. Reservoir is placed out-of-doors. Resilient casing is filled with ground particles of waterproof impermeable material, such as polyethylene or polyurethane. Vacuum branch pipe on cover is connected via valve to vacuum pumps and to condenser and via valve to vacuum pump of farm milking unit. Branch pipes in side wall of resilient casing are connected via faucets to natural cold source or to farm water system. Reservoir of such construction may be used for cooling milk and other liquid products in collective and individual farms, including outdoor keeping of cows. EFFECT: wider operational capabilities, reduced power consumption and decreased production and operating costs. 4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for cooling milk and other liquid products and can be used in agricultural production, in farms, peasant farms, including the camp content of cows on distant pastures, as well as during cooling, processing, storage, transportation of various food products other industries.

 Known devices for storing milk and other liquid food products containing a reservoir and a thermally insulated body (see, for example, thermos tanks for collecting and storing milk B2-OMV-2.5, B2-OMG-6.3. Kovalev Yu. N. Dairy equipment for livestock farms and complexes. M: Rosselkhozizdat, 1987, S. 206 ... 209).

 The disadvantage of these devices is the impossibility of their work with vacuum milk pipelines when transporting milk on livestock farms, as well as when cooling the product.

 Of the known devices, the closest in technical essence is the vacuum tank DF-06.000 (see Kovalev Yu.N. Dairy equipment for livestock farms and complexes. M: Rosselkhozizdat, 1987, p. 203. ..206), including a sealed cylindrical case, frame, wheels, milk drain cock, hatch with a hinged lid with two nozzles for connecting to the milk pipe and vacuum pipe of the milking unit. This milk tank can transport milk and work with a vacuum milk line.

 The disadvantage of this device is the impossibility of cooling milk directly in the milk tank and the need to have a refrigeration unit and a heat exchanger for this purpose.

 The objective of the invention is to expand the functionality of the tanks, ensuring their versatility, reducing energy consumption, capital and operating costs during cooling, storage, transportation of milk.

 The above technical result is achieved by the fact that a cylindrical tank with a milk drain cock is installed outdoors and placed in an elastic casing with opening hatches in the upper part, the elastic casing filled with crushed particles of water-repellent, non-wetting material, for example, polyethylene or polyurethane, and a vacuum pipe the lid through the valve is connected to vacuum pumps and a condenser, and, through the valve, to the vacuum pump of the milking unit, and the milk pipe through the vacuum mo the overhead crane is connected to the milk line of the farm milking unit, and the nozzles in the side wall of the elastic casing are connected through taps to a source of natural cold or a farm water supply system.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a General view of the device.

 The tank for transporting and cooling milk using natural cold on farms contains a cylindrical tank 1 with a crane 2 for draining milk on it, which is installed outdoors and placed in an elastic casing 3 with opening hatches 4 in the upper part, which is filled with crushed particles of water-repellent non-absorbent material. The whole structure is mounted on the frame 5 and wheels 6, and the vacuum pipe 7 on the cover 8 through the valve 9 is connected to the main vacuum pump 10, the auxiliary pump 11 and the condenser 12, and through the valve 13, to the vacuum pump of the milking unit, and the milk pipe 14 through a vacuum milk valve 15 is connected to the milk line of the farm milking unit, and an elastic casing 3 is connected via taps 16 to a source of natural cold or a farm water supply system.

 A tank for transporting and cooling milk using natural cold on farms works as follows.

 The tank 1 is placed directly against the wall of the livestock building in the open air and is connected via a vacuum pipe 7 to a milking unit vacuum pump, a main 10 and an auxiliary 11 vacuum pump and a condenser 12, and a milk pipe 14 through a vacuum milk valve 15 and a valve 13 with a milk pipe installation. Valve 9 is closed. At the beginning of milking, the vacuum milk valve 15 and valve 13 open, the tank 1 is evacuated, and milk begins to flow from the milking unit into the tank 1.

 In the cold season, hatches 4 of the elastic casing 3 open, and water or an aqueous solution with a low freezing temperature (for example, NaCl solution) is poured into the elastic casing 3. In this case, the thermal conductivity of the internal volume of the elastic casing 3 drops sharply, and the milk is cooled by the natural cold of the outside air as it arrives. In the presence of receivers or accumulators of natural cold on farms, the cooled refrigerant carrier through the taps 16 can be supplied directly to the elastic casing 3 for cooling milk throughout the year. Mixing of milk can be carried out during the evacuation of the tank 1 due to the "cold" boiling of milk or controlled limited air inlet into the tank 1 through the valve for draining milk 2.

 In the warm season, water or an aqueous solution from the elastic casing 3 is drained through the lower valve 16, its internal space is dried, after which the hatches 4 are closed. The thermal conductivity of the internal volume of the casing 3 increases sharply. Cooling is carried out when the tank 1 is evacuated by the auxiliary 11 and the main 10 vacuum pumps and a condenser 12. In this case, after milking is completed, the vacuum milk valve 15 and valve 13 are closed, and valve 9 opens.

 If there is a shortage of natural cold, at any time of the year auxiliary 11 and main 10 vacuum pumps can be switched on, and cold water is supplied to condenser 12 from a source of natural cold or a farm water supply system. The volume of the tank 1 above the surface of the milk is evacuated through the valve 9 and the air pipe 7. The milk is cooled by partial evaporation of water from the milk during the evacuation of the tank 1. The vapors formed during the evaporation are pumped out by the main vacuum pump 10 and fed to the condenser 12. The water that has got into it vapors condense on the cold surface of the capacitor. The auxiliary vacuum pump 11 pumps non-condensable gases (air) from the condenser 12.

 Thus, the internal volume of the elastic casing 3 performs the role of a shell of variable thermal conductivity in the warm and cold season, minimizing the loss of thermal energy.

 The use of vacuum cooling, as already mentioned above, is carried out only with insufficient cooling capacity of sources of natural cold. Any liquid can be cooled in the tank throughout the year with minimal use of electricity. When using a tank for transporting and cooling milk with natural cold in farms, it can combine and perform the functions of a tank for storing milk, a refrigeration unit, a heat exchanger, and a milk tanker, which provides a significant reduction in capital, operating costs and production space, as there is no need to install additional tanks for storing milk in the milk unit, the technological chain of equipment is reduced, which contributes to an increase in the fat content and quality of milk, and equipment washing is simplified.

 When placed in a car body and using an air-cooled condenser, the proposed tank can cool milk directly during transportation.

 The proposed reservoir is very convenient for servicing field camps with camp keeping animals, for transporting milk when sold to consumers in a market economy with commercial turnover.

 The presence of an elastic casing 3 makes the proposed tank practically insensitive to defrosting under any fluctuations in negative outside temperatures. It remains operational even with complete freezing of water in the casing 3, because ice protects milk from freezing.

 Milk cooling from a receiver or accumulator of natural cold (if they have sufficient storage capacity) or from a farm's water supply system can be carried out during milking all year round.

Claims (4)

 1. A tank for transporting and cooling milk using natural cold on farms, including a sealed cylindrical tank, a frame, wheels, a milk drain valve, a hatch, a lid, vacuum and milk nozzles, characterized in that a cylindrical tank with a milk drain valve is installed in the open air and placed in an elastic casing with opening hatches in the upper part, and in the elastic casing is filled with crushed particles of water-repellent non-wetting material.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum pipe through the valve is connected to vacuum pumps and a condenser.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum pipe through the valve is connected to the vacuum pump of the milking unit, and the milk pipe through the vacuum milk valve is connected to the milk pipe of the milking unit of the farm.  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic casing and the capacitor through the taps is connected to a source of natural cold or a farm water supply system.