RU2150365C1 - Device for surface machining of round billets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machining of metals. SUBSTANCE: device may be used for machining of metals by surface plastic deformation. It may also be used for machining of short round billets. Device has abrasive wheel and deforming member positioned on cantilever holder and connected rigidly into machining assembly. Cantilever holder is arranged coaxially with billet secured in chuck with possibility of its swinging in it. Deforming member is placed inside billet in machining zone. Line feed drive is coupled to machining assembly or chuck. In process of machining, round billet-bending has no effect on amount of metal removal and its provides for constant width of wall over perimeter and length of billet. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the processing of metals by cutting and surface plastic deformation and can be used in the processing of short pipe billets, including with a curved axis, before rolling.

 A device for the combined treatment of cylindrical surfaces of revolution, described in ed. testimonial. USSR N 1207726, B 24 B 5/04, B 24 B 39/04, 1986. The device comprises an abrasive wheel mounted on the spindle of the machine, and a deforming element mounted on a cantilever holder fixedly mounted on the head of the machine. To fix the workpiece are the centers of the machine.

 This device provides simultaneous processing (grinding and plastic deformation) of one surface of the part - the outer. In this case, the contact points of the processing tools with the part are located on its mutually perpendicular axes, in different planes and form two consecutive processing zones.

 A disadvantage of the known device is the inapplicability for processing tube blanks without additional equipment when securing the part. But even if the pipe billet is fixed, this device does not display the difference of the pipe with the initial misaligned arrangement of the inner surface relative to the outer one.

 The closest in technical essence (prototype) is a device for simultaneous break-in of the outer and inner surfaces of pipes according to ed. testimonial. USSR N 742121, class B 24 B 39/04, 06/25/1980. It contains deforming elements rigidly connected to each other in the processing unit for processing the outer and inner surfaces of the workpiece. The deforming element mounted inside the workpiece is fixed to the cantilever holder coaxially with the workpiece. The processing unit is connected with a longitudinal feed drive.

 However, the known device does not allow grinding of the outer surface with simultaneous centering of the pipe and plastic deformation of the inner surface. In addition, the lack of drive of the workpiece does not eliminate the initial difference in the processed pipe.

 The problem to which the invention is directed is to reduce the difference in length of short tube blanks with a length of 3 to 20 diameters, with the original eccentric difference, including with a curved axis, when grinding their outer surface.

 The technical result achieved by the implementation of the invention is the uneven cutting of metal along the outer perimeter of the pipe being processed: more where the pipe wall thickness is greater, and accordingly less where the pipe wall thickness is less and plastic deformation of the inner surface synchronized with this due to centering of the pipe along the inner surface directly in the processing zone and ensuring constancy of the stiffness of the pipe in the system "machine-tool-tool-component" (AIDS).

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for surface treatment of pipe billets contains an abrasive wheel for grinding the outer surface and a deforming element mounted on a cantilever holder. The cantilever holder is located coaxially with the workpiece, and the deforming element is placed in the processing zone inside the workpiece. The latter is fixed at one end in the cartridge with the possibility of swinging in it. The deforming element and the abrasive wheel are rigidly connected to each other in the processing unit. At the same time, a longitudinal feed drive is provided in the device, connected either with a cartridge or with a processing unit.

 In the case when the device is equipped with a cartridge feed drive, the rotating workpiece is able to translate axially with a stationary processing unit, including a rotating abrasive wheel and a stationary deforming element.

 In the case when the device is equipped with a feed drive for the processing unit, the deforming element and the rotating abrasive wheel included in it have the possibility of synchronous translational movement along a stationary rotating workpiece.

 Thus, the claimed device moves the processing zone relative to the tube billet installed in the cartridge, either by translating the processing unit parallel to the axis of the workpiece or by translating the workpiece along the axis.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that during processing the centering of the processed tube billet is carried out on the inner surface directly in the processing zone, which ensures the accuracy (constancy of position) of the base and eliminates the change in the rigidity of the AIDS system during processing in any section, regardless of the length of the pipe and profile section to be processed. Due to this, during the implementation of the invention, the curvature of the processed tubular billet does not affect the amount of removal, which results in an outer surface concentric with the inner surface, and ensures a constant wall thickness along the perimeter and length of the processed billet.

 At the same time, the end of the tube billet installed in the cartridge has the possibility of angular movements in the cartridge, that is, it has an additional degree of freedom, which eliminates the influence of curvature and facilitates the centering of the workpiece on the deforming element.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 is a diagram of a device with a cartridge feed drive, FIG. 2 is a diagram of a device with a feed drive of the processing unit.

 The device contains an abrasive wheel 1 and a deforming element 2, forming a processing unit, which can be stationary (Fig. 1) or moving along the axis of the workpiece by means of a feed drive 3 (Fig. 2). The workpiece 4 is fixed at one end in the cartridge 5, which, in turn, with a stationary processing unit is equipped with a feed drive 6 (Fig. 1), and when moving the processing unit is installed stationary (Fig. 2). The pipe billet 4 has the ability to swing in the cartridge 5. The deforming element 2 is mounted on the cantilever holder 7 coaxially with the pipe billet and placed inside it. The abrasive wheel 1 is installed in the same plane with the deforming element 2 so that the normal distance between them corresponds to the required wall thickness of the pipe billet. The contact points of the abrasive wheel and the deforming element coincide in the same plane, are on the same axis and form a common processing zone.

 In any of the described cases, the grinding wheel is positioned relative to the pipe with longitudinal or transverse grinding or grinding at an angle to the axis of the pipe.

 The device operates as follows. The tube stock 4 is placed on the cantilever holder 7, the deformation element 2 is installed at one of the ends of the workpiece, the free end is clamped in the movable chuck 5. The abrasive wheel 1 is installed in the same plane as the deformation element 2 and the processing process combining grinding of the outer surface and plastic deformation is started the inner surface of the workpiece, feeding the latter through the processing zone by means of a feed drive 6 with simultaneous rotation around the axis of the chuck 5. This device can be installed but surface grinding machine (Fig. 1).

 In the presence of specialized machines, a pipe billet is installed in the device in the same way as described above, and the processing process is carried out by feeding the processing unit by means of a feed drive 3 along the workpiece parallel to its axis (Fig. 2).

 When carrying out the invention, a non-uniform cutting of the metal around the perimeter occurs during the processing, more where the wall thickness of the tube billet being processed is greater, and accordingly less where the wall thickness is less, and at the same time, the running-in of the inner surface of the billet.

 Thus, the initial difference in the processed pipe is reduced or completely eliminated.

 The design of the cartridge, providing the swing (three degrees of freedom) of the workpiece in it, and the design of the deforming element make up the subject of the know-how of this device.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for the surface treatment of pipe billets, containing rigidly connected to each other in the processing unit, a tool for processing the outer surface of the workpiece and a deforming element mounted inside the workpiece in the processing zone on the cantilever holder coaxially with the workpiece, as well as a longitudinal feed drive, characterized in that the tool for processing the outer surface of the workpiece is made in the form of an abrasive wheel, and the device is equipped with a cartridge designed for fastening in it at one end of the workpiece with a possibility of oscillation.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a cartridge is connected to the longitudinal feed drive.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a processing unit is connected to the longitudinal feed drive.

Images