RU2150000C1 - Method of underground mining of thick salt deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: methods of mineral mining. SUBSTANCE: method may be used in underground mining of thick salt deposits. The method is characterized by the fact that in mining of level by rooms with salt gravitation transportation, vertical cylindrical rooms are driven from parallel drilled transportation workings of haulage horizon in upward direction. Vertical cylindrical rooms are arranged in parallel rows with side drawing of salt on this horizon. In this case, diameter of room is selected larger than or equal to width of working from which it is driven, and distance between rooms in row is selected under conditions of nonadmission of jointing of adjacent rooms. In parallel rows, rooms are staggered. EFFECT: highly efficient technology of salt mining, reduced volumes of development jobs, excluded presence of miners in worked-out spaces. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to methods for developing mineral deposits and can be used in underground mining of powerful salt deposits.

There is a method of developing powerful salt deposits with rectangular chambers, the mining of which is carried out with layer-by-layer mechanical extraction of salt by combines, its loading in self-propelled cars and delivery to salt drains, through which salt is transferred to the transport horizon. Between the chambers to control the rock pressure leave inter-chamber pillars commensurate with the width of the chamber. To ensure cleaning work, ventilating horizons are developed in the upper part of the chamber, and haulage drifts of the transport horizon in the lower part of the chamber. For the purpose of delivery to the first upper layer of combines and self-propelled cars, slopes pass from the transport horizon to the ventilation one. Also in the chamber there are saline runoffs connecting the worked out layers with the transport horizon, which are extinguished as the layers are worked out. [1]
The disadvantages of this method are:
the cyclical nature of the work associated with interruptions in the treatment excavation during the transportation of salt in self-propelled cars from a mining combine to salt drains;
a significant amount of preparatory-outdoor workings for ventilating the chamber, delivering equipment to the first upper layer and delivering salt from the mined layer to the transport horizon;
the presence of workers in the face under an uncontrolled roof with a constantly increasing height of the worked out space, which does not ensure the safety of underground mining and increases the risk of industrial injuries.

 The objective of the invention is to provide highly efficient in-line technology for salt production, reducing the volume of preparatory and cutting operations, eliminating the presence of workers in the spent space of the chamber.

 The problem is solved in that in the proposed method, which consists in mining the floor with cameras with gravitational salt delivery, mining in the floor is carried out in parallel rows of vertical cylindrical chambers that pass in the upward direction from the mine workings of the residual horizon, with the associated release of salt to this horizon, the diameter of the chamber is chosen to be greater than or equal to the width of the excavation from which it passes, and the distance between the chambers in a row is chosen from the condition of non-closure of adjacent chambers, and in Challenging rows of cameras are staggered.

 The use of the invention provides a highly efficient in-line technology for salt production, reducing the volume of preparatory and cutting operations, eliminating the presence of workers in the waste space.

 The method is illustrated by the drawings, in which in FIG. 1 shows a vertical section, and in FIG. 2 horizontal section along the line 1-1 of the concept of developing a powerful salt field by the proposed method, where 1 is the developed floor of a powerful salt field; 2 - borotransport production; 3 - spent chambers; 4 - a working chamber; 5 - vertical action unit (AED); 6 - ATS working body; 7 - discharge hopper of the AED; 8 - loading hopper of the conveyor; 9 - conveyor; 10 - spent chambers of an adjacent row; 11 - a working chamber of an adjacent row.

The floor under development 1 is prepared by parallel borotransport workings 2, from which cylindrical-shaped chambers pass 3. Chambers 4 are taken out of the borotransport work-out 2 by a vertical unit 5 with a working body 6, which provides a cylindrical chamber with a diameter D _k equal to or greater than the width B _{b of the} borotransport production 2. The place where the chamber 4 is connected to the production 2 is equipped with a discharge hopper 7, through which the extracted salt flows into the receiving hopper 7 of the conveyor 8. Distances between the chambers in row A _to should ensure their isolation from each other. To reduce losses, the spent and working chambers 10 and 11 in the adjacent row are staggered in relation to the spent and working chambers of the previous row 3 and 4.

 In the proposed method, the extraction of salt within the block is carried out by treatment insulated vertical round cameras arranged in a checkerboard pattern and walkable from the delivery horizon from parallel-located drift workings equipped with conveyors. The chambers pass through a drilling rig designed for drilling large-diameter ascending workings (up to 8 m), for example, a tunneling and mining complex for underground mining, a vertical action unit (AED) developed by the Galurgia Research and Design Institute (VNIIG, St. Petersburg). The release of salt is carried out during the operation of the unit, which ensures the in-line technology of the treatment excavation.

 The distance between the rows of chambers is determined by calculations and depends on the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks and the depth of mining. The smaller dimensions of cylindrical chambers compared to rectangular chambers increase their stability with increasing floor heights and working out deep horizons. The distance between the chambers in a row depends on the rock pressure and should ensure that the chambers do not close, which ensures the controllability of the process of salt release only from the chamber being developed.

 Due to the lack of ventilation horizon workings, motorway and saline runs, the specific volume of preparatory rifling is minimized. Loss of salt in the bowels will depend on the minimum required distance between the treatment chambers according to the rock pressure factor. In order to minimize losses, the size of the pillar should be determined by the distance between the chambers, and not between the workings, for which the diameter of the chamber is chosen greater than or equal to the width of the workout from which it passes.

 Workers in the process of treatment excavation work in safe conditions, since all mining operations are carried out from the mine workings of the transport horizon.

References
1. Permyakov R.S., Kovalev O.V., Pinsky V.L. et al. Handbook on the development of salt deposits. Nedra - M - 1986, S. 65-66o

Claims (1)

 The method of underground mining of powerful salt deposits, which consists in mining the floor with chambers with gravity salt delivery, characterized in that the mining in the floor is carried out in parallel rows of vertical cylindrical chambers that pass in the upward direction from the drift workings of the delivery horizon, with the associated release of salt to this horizon while the diameter of the chamber is chosen to be greater than or equal to the width of the excavation from which it passes, and the distance between the chambers in a row is chosen from the condition of non-reference kaniya of adjacent chambers, moreover, in parallel rows the chambers are staggered.

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