RU2035008C1 - Method of burning hydrocarbon fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat engineering. SUBSTANCE: method of burning hydrocarbon fuel includes preliminary heating the fuel up to 1000- 2100°C and mixing the fuel with oxygen for 10^-7- 10^-4 s. The rate of heating of the hydrocarbon fuel is equal to 10⁷- 10⁹- deg/s. Oxygen is heated up to 500-1700°C. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to heat engineering, in particular to the combustion of hydrocarbons, and can be used in furnace devices of various industries, for example, in piston engine cylinders, in steam-water boiler furnaces, in soot reactors, turbojet and jet engines.

 A known method of burning hydrocarbons, including pre-heating hydrocarbons, their subsequent mixing with an oxidizing agent and burning [1] In this case, there is insufficient intensity of the combustion process.

 A known method of burning hydrocarbons, including pre-heating hydrocarbons, mixing them with an oxidizing agent and burning [2] In this case, there is insufficient intensity of the combustion process.

 The objective of the invention is the intensification of the combustion process of hydrocarbons.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the known method of burning a hydrocarbon fuel, its subsequent mixing with the oxidant and combustion of the resulting mixture, a hydrocarbon fuel is heated to 1000-2100 ^{° C} at a heating rate of 10 ⁷ -10 ⁹ deg / s, and its mixing with the oxidant is performed within 10 ^-7 -10 ^-4 s, while the oxidizing agent is preheated to 500-1700 ^about C.

Heating hydrocarbons to 1000-2100 ^о С, they create highly active structures that make it possible to carry out high-speed combustion. In this case, the hydrocarbon combustion process is many times faster than current methods, where the heating hydrocarbons to produce 300-600 ^o C. As a result, there is high instantaneous combustion (extremely rapid, comparable with pulse) isolating the fuel energy. Such heat generation leads to a large concentration of energy in small volumes. The optimal range of super-intense combustion is the heating temperature of hydrocarbons 1300-1800 ^about C. The resulting overactive medium at this temperature exists for a very short time. Therefore, for the implementation of super-intense combustion of such a hydrocarbon medium, it is mixed with an oxidizing agent for a specified time of 10 ^-5 -10 ^-4 s.

The lower limit for the time of mixing the fuel with the oxidizing agent is 10 ^-7 s, since for the shorter period of time it is practically impossible to carry out the necessary mixing. 10 ^-4 s the upper limit of the lifetime of particles of an overactive hydrocarbon medium.

For heating the hydrocarbon fuel to 1000-2100 ^{° C} heating is necessary to produce very quickly a rate of 10 ⁷ -10 ⁹ deg / s, which time corresponds to 10 ^-7 to 10 ^-5 s. Heating is carried out by adiabatic compression, heating in a low-temperature plasma medium, heating in the products of hydrocarbon combustion, induction heating in electromagnetic furnaces, heating in laser streams, etc.

 The drawing shows a device for implementing the proposed method of burning hydrocarbons.

 The device comprises a housing 1, thermal insulation 2, a mixing chamber 3, a mixing channel 4, an auxiliary fuel combustion chamber 5, a mixing channel 6, a high-temperature and overactive hydrocarbon medium formation channel 7, a highly active hydrocarbon medium combustion chamber 8, an auxiliary fuel supply pipe 9, a pipe 10 air supply for burning auxiliary fuel, main fuel supply channels 11, oxidizer supply channels 12.

The proposed method of burning fuel is as follows. In the mixing chamber 3 through the pipe 9 serves auxiliary fuel in an amount of 0.04-0.1 wt. of all fuel, air is supplied to the process and through pipe 10 for combustion. In chamber 3, fuel and air are mixed, which is intensified in channel 4. From channel 4, the mixture is fed into chamber 5, where it is burned to produce high-temperature gaseous products of combustion, which are simultaneously a heat carrier. 5, combustion products from the chamber (coolant) fall in the mixing channel 6, wherein heating is carried out starting the main fuel supplied through the conduit 11. The final heating of the primary fuel to 1000-2100 ^{° C} is performed in the channel 7. The oxidizing agent is fed through the channels 12 into the chamber at a distance from its output section. The resulting mixture enters the combustion chamber 8, where it burns.

PRI me R. In the device for burning fuel through the pipe 9 serves kerosene in the amount of 8 kg / h to create a high-temperature coolant. For combustion of the fuel in the apparatus at ²⁰ ° C is fed 100 ^Nm3 / h air. The auxiliary fuel is burned in a chamber 5, at the exit of which a high-temperature gaseous coolant is obtained, which is then fed to the mixing channel 6, where the main fuel is simultaneously supplied for heating in the amount of 92 kg / h. From the mixing channel 6, the resulting mixture of the main fuel and auxiliary fuel combustion products is fed into the channel 7, where the main fuel is finally heated and, in addition, the mixture formation is completed. In this case, the main fuel is heated in the channel 7 to 1700 ^° C. A heated oxidizing agent is introduced into the channel 7 at a certain distance from its outlet. The oxidant is heated to 1200 ^C., which inform him 3,7h10 ⁵ kcal / hr of heat. Air serves as an oxidizing agent and serves it in an amount of 1100 nm ³ / h. The mixing of the fuel and the oxidizing agent is carried out for 10 ^-4 -10 ^{-4 C.} Using the proposed techniques, the combustion of the combustible mixture is carried out for 10 ^-5 s. In practice, a thermal explosion is observed in the entire volume of the combustion unit. The temperature of the products of combustion reaches 3700 ^{° C,} whereas in the known combustion methods would amount to ^about 2000 C, the combustion of this mixture (stoichiometric) represents a great technical difficulties.

 This method is easily implemented in various industries of fire chambers of steam-water boilers, fire chambers of generators, reciprocating, jet and rocket engines, soot reactors for producing soot, in furnaces for burning off exhaust gases of soot production.

 The method allows you to create a furnace device with a very high thermal stress.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR COMBUSING HYDROCARBON FUEL by pre-heating this fuel, then mixing it with an oxidizing agent and burning the resulting mixture, characterized in that the hydrocarbon fuel is heated to 1000 2100 ^° C at a heating rate of 10 ⁷ 10 ⁹ deg / s, and it is mixed with an oxidizing agent within 10 ^{- 7} - 10 ^{- 4} s, while the oxidizing agent is preheated to 500 - 1700 ^o C.

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