RU20314U1 - UNIT OF MULTI-STAGE LIQUID PHASE CARBON THERMAL REDUCTION OF METALS FROM ORE RAW MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

A unit of multi-stage liquid-phase coal-thermal reduction of metals from ore raw materials, containing vertical chambers for connecting melted charge materials with a loading device, for primary recovery, for final reduction and carburization, as well as precipitation, which are connected in series and connected to each other by means of connecting channels and a collector for collecting exhaust gases connected to the chamber for melting the charge materials with an inclined hearth, characterized in that the vertical The chambers of the stages of melting and reduction of metals are made of two parts, namely, the reaction chamber and the settling chamber, interconnected by a separation threshold, the precipitation chamber is made in the form of a shaft-type chamber, in its upper part it is equipped with a device for feeding lump ore, and in the lower part with a screw device for pushing ore along an inclined hearth into the reaction part of the chamber for melting charge materials, in addition, the reaction part of the main reduction chamber is connected by an electromagnetic trough to the settling tank part of the final recovery and carburization chamber, the slop part of the main recovery chamber is equipped with a tap hole for the release of technical iron, and the settling part of the final recovery and carburization chamber is equipped with a tap hole for the release of cast iron and slag.

Description

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Object - Utility Model

UNIT OF MULTI-STAGE WIDE-PHASE CARBON DEPTH REDUCTION OF METALS FROM ORE RAW MATERIALS

The utility model relates to the field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to equipment for coke-free extraction of iron from ORE.

A known unit for high-temperature coke-free reduction of iron ore raw materials, containing a shaft for preliminary reduction of metal oxides with gases from the mine for the accumulation of reduced and molten products of the process and a tap hole for the release of reduced metal, a shaft with a mine for recovering molten coal, equipped with slots for the release of metal and slag, and a mine for separating entrained particles through which exhaust gases are discharged. The first two mines are connected by channels for transferring the melt from the first to the second, and from the second to the first - reducing gases generated during the combustion of coal, which is not only a reducing agent, but also a heat source. An ore feeder is placed in the upper part of the first chamber, through which shredded ore or concentrate and fluxes enter the mine (see US Patent No. 2876093, cl. 75-40). A disadvantage of the known unit is the inability to obtain technical iron and cast iron.

A known unit consisting of a first vertical chamber for heating and melting charge materials, a horizontal chamber for preliminary reduction of iron oxides of ore and a second vertical chamber for final reduction of iron oxides connected to it. The last chamber is equipped with a rotary device for injecting charge materials melted in a horizontal chamber into it. The lower part of the last chamber is filled with coal or coke, passing through which the oxides give up their oxygen and are separated into metal and slag, separately released from the unit, each through its own notch. To introduce additional heat into the third chamber, its upper part is equipped with burners. The last chamber is connected by a channel to the first melting chamber for transferring reducing gases into it for heating and melting the ore. In addition, the first chamber is equipped with a heat exchanger, which is a vertical shaft with sections in which the air is heated to burn fuel and carbon monoxide in a vertical chamber (see US patent No. 2846302, CL 75-40). A disadvantage of the known device is

MPK С21В 13/02 inability to obtain technical iron.

A device for producing iron from iron ore is known, containing a precipitation chamber with inclined, radially rounded edges for segregation of molten particles and their return to the melt (see AS USSR No. 909521, IPC C 21B 13/00). A disadvantage of the known device is the inability to obtain cast iron.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model is the unit for implementing the method of producing iron from iron ore (see AS USSR 1197465, IPC С21В 13/02). The unit consists of successively installed and interconnected vertical chambers for the melting of charge materials, basic recovery, final recovery and carburization, as well as a precipitation chamber. The chamber for melting charge materials in its upper part is equipped with a loading device, in the lower part it is equipped with a movable tuyere, as well as a channel connecting this chamber with the main recovery chamber, which is equipped

movable lance for the injection of coal and oxygen and is connected by a channel to the next chamber of the final recovery and carburization. The last chamber is equipped with a lance for coal supply, as well as tap holes for the release of slag and metal. In addition, through the nozzles of the chamber for the melting of charge materials, the main recovery and for the final recovery and carburization are connected to the collector for removal of exhaust gases from them. The precipitation chamber is connected to the chamber for melting the charge materials with an inclined hearth and is equipped with an oxygen supply nozzle. A disadvantage of the known device is the ability to obtain only cast iron requiring complex refining from crushed ore raw materials.

The problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is to obtain cast iron and technical iron or one of them from ore raw materials.

The technical result that is obtained by implementing the utility model consists in coke-free reduction of technical iron and cast iron from ore raw materials, moreover, the ore raw materials can be not only powdery, but also lumpy, as well as the good use of the physical heat of the exhaust gases.

The essence of the proposed utility model lies in the well-known design of the multi-stage liquid-phase unit. carbon thermal reduction of metals from ore raw materials containing sequentially installed and interconnected by

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connecting channels and a collector for collecting exhaust gases; vertical chambers for melting charge materials with a charging device, for basic recovery, for final recovery and carburization, as well as sedimentation chambers connected to a chamber for melting powdered charge materials with an inclined hearth; vertical chambers of stages of melting and metal recovery made of two parts: reaction and settling, interconnected by a dividing threshold. The precipitation chamber is made in the form of a mine-type chamber, which is equipped in its upper part with a loading device for feeding lump ore, and in the lower part, with a screw device for pushing ore along an inclined hearth into the reaction part of the melting chamber of charge materials. The storage part of the chamber for melting charge materials is connected through a dividing threshold to the melting zone. The reaction part of the main reduction chamber is connected by an electromagnetic trough to the settling part of the final reduction and carburization chamber. The settling part of the main recovery chamber is equipped with a tap hole for the release of technical iron, and the settling part of the final recovery and carburizing chamber is equipped with tap holes for the release of pig iron and slag.

The essence of the proposed utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a diagram of the design of the unit in plan without loading devices; figure 2 is a view along arrow a in figure 1; in Fig.3 is a view along arrow B in Fig.1; figure 4 is a view along arrow B in figure 1.

The unit of multi-stage liquid-phase coal-thermal reduction of metals from ore raw materials contains a precipitation chamber 1 (Fig. 1), a chamber for melting charge materials made of two parts: a reaction chamber 2 and settling 3. The precipitation chamber 1 (Fig. 2) is made in the form of a shaft chamber type and is equipped in the upper part with a loading device 4 for feeding lump ore and a collector 5 that removes flue gases, and in its lower part - with a screw device 6 for pushing the bulk material along the inclined hearth 7, which The linen chamber is connected to the reaction part 2 of the chamber for melting charge materials. The latter is equipped with a loading device 8 for supplying powdered charge materials, a lance 9 for supplying oxygen, and is connected by a collector 10 with chambers of both stages of the subsequent recovery. The settling part 3 (Fig. H) of the chamber for melting charge materials is connected to the melting zone 2 by a separation threshold 11 and is made

with an opening 12 (Fig. 1) for installing a tuyere for supplying coal powder and oxygen and is connected by a channel 13 to the reaction part 14 of the main reduction chamber, which in turn is made with an opening 15 for installing a tuyere for supplying coal and oxygen. The reaction part 14 of the main recovery chamber is connected by an electromagnetic groove 16 to the settling part 17 of the final recovery and carburization chamber. The settling part 18 (Fig. 4) of the main reduction chamber through a threshold 19 is connected to the reaction part 14 and is equipped with a notch 20 for the release of technical iron. In addition, the settling part 18 (Fig. 1) of the main reduction chamber is connected by a channel 21 to the reaction part 22 of the final reduction and carburizing chamber, which is made with an opening for installing the tuyere and is connected through the separation threshold (not shown in the figures) to the settling part 17 The latter is equipped with tap holes for the production of cast iron 24 and slag 25.

The unit operates as follows

Through the loading device 4 (figure 2) in the precipitation chamber 1 serves part of the raw material in the form of lump ore. By the gases leaving the chambers of the subsequent stages along the collector 10 and passing through the reaction part 2 of the melting chamber of the charge materials, the incoming ore is heated in countercurrent. Here, the precipitation chamber 1 operates as the top of the blast furnace, but more efficiently. The heated lump ore, playing the role of a filter, precipitates solid particles of off-gas on its surface and together with them, along an inclined hearth 7, enters the reaction part 2 of the chamber for melting charge materials. Pre-cleaned flue gases are removed for final cleaning through the collector 5. The pushing of the lumped ore lumps along the inclined hearth 7 is effected by a screw device b. Part of the raw material (ore, limestone or lime, etc.) in crushed form is fed through a charging device 8 into the reaction part 2 of the chamber for melting charge materials. Through lance 9 serves oxygen to burn carbon monoxide and hydrogen. In addition, from the collector 10, gases from subsequent stages of the process enter the reaction zone. In the reaction part 2 of the melting chamber, vigorous mixing of the liquid metal and slag occurs, which allows the melt to gradually flow through the separation threshold And (Fig. 3) into the settling part 3 of the chamber. From the settling part 3 (chig. 1) of the melting chamber, the melt flows by gravity through channel 13 into the reaction part 14 of the main reduction chamber, where the reactions proceed in a converter mode. To regulate the degree of recovery of the melt and its

temperature in the reaction part 14 of the main recovery chamber in the hole 15 establish a lance for the supply of coal and oxygen. As boiling, the oxide melt flows from the reaction part 14 of the main reduction chamber through the separation threshold 19 (Fig. 4) to its settling part 18, where the obtained metal with a carbon content of not more than 0.03 h-0.04% is released in the form of technical iron through the notch 20. A part of the oxide melt flows by gravity along the connecting channel 21 (Fig. 1) into the reaction part 22 of the final reduction and carburization chamber. A lance is installed in this part of the chamber in the hole 23 for supplying coal and oxygen until the iron is completely reduced from the ore to produce cast iron. The gas-slag-metal emulsion flows into the settling part 17 of the final reduction and carburization chamber, where the slag is continuously discharged through the notch 25 and the cast iron through the letka 24. Thus, technical iron and cast iron are simultaneously obtained.

Upon receipt of only technical iron, an electromagnetic trough 16 is included in the operation (Fig. 1), and the notch 24 for the release of cast iron is closed. The melt from the settling part 17 of the final reduction and carburization chamber is forcibly supplied to the reaction part 14 of the main reduction chamber. A countercurrent of oxide and metal phases is created, due to which it becomes possible to extract all the iron from ore raw materials only in the form of technical iron, bypassing cast iron and not reducing the degree of iron reduction.

Using the proposed design of the utility model makes it possible to carry out cokeless reduction from ore raw materials of technical iron and cast iron, moreover, the ore raw materials are used both powdered and lumpy, and the physical heat of the exhaust gases is used to the full.

Claims (1)

A unit of multi-stage liquid-phase coal-fired reduction of metals from ore raw materials, containing vertical chambers for sequentially recovering and carburizing, as well as precipitating connected to the chamber for melting the charge materials with an inclined hearth, characterized in that the vertical The chambers of the stages of melting and reduction of metals are made of two parts, namely, the reaction chamber and the settling chamber, interconnected by a separation threshold, the precipitation chamber is made in the form of a shaft-type chamber, in its upper part it is equipped with a device for feeding lump ore, and in the lower part with a screw device for pushing ore along an inclined hearth into the reaction part of the chamber for melting charge materials, in addition, the reaction part of the main reduction chamber is connected by an electromagnetic trough to the settling tank part of the final recovery and carburization chamber, the slop part of the main recovery chamber is equipped with a tap hole for the release of technical iron, and the settling part of the final recovery and carburization chamber is equipped with a tap hole for the release of pig iron and slag.