RU2024815C1 - Apparatus for cleaning heating surface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat engineering. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has combustion chamber that is made of open cylindrical shell and whose both faces are plugged, exhaust nozzle, mixer provided with branch pipes for supplying gas and air, ignition chamber provided with ignitor, that operates periodically, and connected to the combustion chamber through perforated part of a flame duct wherein the exhaust nozzle is formed with edges of the shell. In addition the shell can be spiral. The apparatus is additionally provided with open cylindrical shell and open parts of the shells are axially alined opposite. The apparatus also has additional open spiral shell. Both shells are axially symmetric and their end parts are oppositely directed. The shell can be mounted for rotation with respect to longitudinal axis or lateral axis. EFFECT: simplified design, decreased sizes and metal consumption. 5 cl, 7 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for cleaning heating surfaces from external deposits and can be applied in heat engineering, metallurgy, chemical industry and other technical fields where there is a problem of cleaning heat-exchange surfaces.

 Closest to this, by technical essence, is a device for cleaning heating surfaces, containing a mixer communicated with each other with nozzles for supplying gas and air, an ignition chamber with an igniter connected via a pipeline to a shock chamber having an exhaust nozzle (1).

 The basis of the invention is the task to simplify the device, reduce its dimensions in cross section and metal consumption while maintaining the cleaning efficiency.

 The cleaning efficiency is maintained by increasing the turbulence of the flame in the combustion chamber, which at the same time is also an element of the exhaust nozzle.

 The specified result does not explicitly follow from the previous level of development in the art.

 Figure 1 schematically shows the proposed device, a perspective view (an embodiment with a combustion chamber in the form of an open cylindrical shell combined with an exhaust nozzle); figure 2 is the same (an embodiment with a combustion chamber in the form of a cylindrical spiral shell); in FIG. 3 - the same, transverse section; figure 4 is an embodiment with a combustion chamber in the form of two cylindrical spiral shells, a perspective view; in FIG. 5 - the same, transverse section; figure 6 - the proposed device with a combustion chamber in the form of two cylindrical open shells, axonometry; Fig.7 is the same, cross section.

 The device contains pipelines for supplying air 1 and gas 2, connected to the mixer 3, an associated ignition chamber 4 with an ignitor 5 and an ignition and control unit (BZU) 6 and a combustion chamber 7 in the form of an open shell, which can be made cylindrical in shape in it a perforated section of the flame conduit 8. The combustion chamber 7 is closed at both ends by end faces 9 (Fig. 1). The exhaust nozzle 10, formed by the edges of an open cylindrical shell, is parallel to its longitudinal axis and has a rectangular section. The gap between the edges of the shell is set from the conditions for obtaining the maximum shock impulse.

 When the combustion chamber 7 is made in the form of a cylindrical spiral shell (Fig. 2,3), the exhaust nozzle is formed by the end sections of the spiral having at least 1.5 turns, while the inner portion of the spiral can be parallel to its longitudinal axis.

 When performing the combustion chamber 7 in the form of two axisymmetrically mounted cylindrical spiral shells, the outer end sections of which are directed opposite, two multidirectional nozzles can be formed (Figs. 4, 5).

 The combustion chamber 7 can be made of two coaxially mounted shells in the form of cylinders of different diameters with cuts along the generatrices located diametrically opposite to each other (Fig.6, 7).

 The exhaust nozzle 10 in this embodiment is formed by the edges of the outer cylinder and the outer surface of the inner cylinder.

 The cleaning device can be installed on heat exchangers both outside and inside the ducts. To increase the cleaning zone of the shell, the combustion chamber 7 can be mounted with the possibility of rotation relative to the longitudinal or transverse axis, which is carried out by any known device, for example, installation in thrust bearings (not shown).

 When installed on heat exchangers outside the flue, the claimed device can communicate with the boiler flue using additional connecting channels consisting of confuser-diffuser sections that connect the nozzle to the flue (not shown).

 The device operates as follows.

 Gas is piped through pipe 2 to mixer 3, where it is mixed with air coming in via pipe 1. The gas-air mixture from the mixer 3 is fed into the ignition chamber 4, from where it enters the combustion chamber through the flame duct 8. After filling the combustion chamber 7 with the gas-air mixture with the ignitor 5, to which high voltage is supplied from the BZU 6, the mixture is ignited in the ignition chamber 4. The flame from the ignition chamber 4 through the flame pipe 8 enters the combustion chamber 7, where the explosive combustion of the mixture occurs. During combustion, the flow is turbulized and the combustion process goes into the stage of explosive combustion with the generation of shock waves.

 Shock waves, amplified by reflection from the end faces 9, are directed through the exhaust nozzle 10 to the surfaces to be cleaned. The destructive effect on deposits is associated with the wave action of short pulses of high power generated during the explosion of a limited volume of gas-air mixture in the combustion chamber, which can be controlled due to the degree of filling of the combustion chamber with an explosive mixture, the concentration of combustible gases in the mixture and the gap between the edges of the shell.

 The proposed device for cleaning heating surfaces has an extremely simple design, which provides a reduction in dimensions in the cross section and a decrease in metal consumption, while maintaining the cleaning efficiency.

Claims (5)

 1. DEVICE FOR CLEANING SURFACES OF HEATING, containing interconnected mixer with nozzles for supplying gas and air, an ignition chamber with an igniter connected via a pipeline to a shock chamber having an exhaust nozzle, characterized in that the shock chamber is made in the form of one or two muffled from both ends of the open shells, the exhaust nozzle is formed by the edges of the open parts of the shells, and the pipeline connecting the shock and ignition chamber is perforated and placed along the longitudinal axis of the shock Camera oh.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell of the shock chamber is helical.  3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the shells of the shock chamber are made cylindrical, placed coaxially, while their open parts are opposite.  4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the shell of the shock chamber is mounted to rotate around the longitudinal or transverse axis of the chamber.  5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell of the shock chamber is helical, arranged axisymmetrically, and their open parts are directed opposite.

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