RU202139U1 - Yula - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to children's toys. The yula contains a base with an externally located flat support for installing the toy on a supporting surface, carrying a support in the center of the tubular shape, and a supporting structure for placing in the nests of installations, made in the lower part in the form of a platform and carrying a support in the center of the tubular shape, which encloses the support from the outside base and has the ability to rotate relative to this base support due to point support on it at a point on the longitudinal axis of the base support. The support structure also has a second support in the form of a tubular element with an end, enclosing the first support of the support structure, the end of which is located in height at a distance from the end of the first support of this structure. There is also a handle for starting rotation of the support structure, which is made with a screw-shaped screw shaft with a nut passed through the end of the tubular support of the support structure in the direction of the point of support of this support on the tubular support of the base located at the midpoint of the whirligig height. The screw nut is located above the end of the tubular support of the support structure made with teeth, and is equipped with counter teeth on the side facing this support. And the point support is made in the form of a conical element fixed on the longitudinal axis at the end of the tubular shape of the base on its longitudinal axis, the end part of which is introduced into the recess of the reciprocal shape on the tubular support of the support structure. 8 ill.

Description

The utility model refers to children's toys and examines the design of a children's toy - a whirligig intended for playing on a flat surface.

The term "whirligig" or "spinning top" in relation to children's toys is understood to mean the simplest device for rotation, which, in the general case, maintains stability at one point of support during rotation. More complex designs of a whirligig (top) - contain a mechanism in which a helical axial rod is used for untwisting. During the lowering of this rod downward, a helical transmission is carried out. It is a dynamic toy for toddlers that stimulates cognitive activity, helps the child in setting and appearances, develops coordination and hand motor skills.

Known whirligig, containing a dish-shaped base, with an externally located flat support for installing the toy on a supporting surface, bearing in the center a support for positioning in the center of the rack with the possibility of its rotation relative to this support, while a vertically oriented socket is mounted in the lower part of the rack for fixing one the end of a vertically oriented screw-shaped rod, the other end of which is spring-loaded and fixed in a tubular sleeve with a hand rest, mounted with the ability to move in the vertical direction relative to this post when a force is applied to the support towards the base, while in the post there are seating elements for accommodating game installations , as well as a musical mechanism for the formation of sounds when the rack rotates, the rack is made in the form of a disk with a flange, and in the center of which there is a socket in the form of a sleeve, in the cavity of which a musical mechanism is mounted, and around this sleeve are vertically oriented oriented conical protrusions used for dressing on them with an open cone-shaped cavity inside the game installations with the latter resting on the top of these protrusions for their suspension above the surface of the rack, a tubular element is fixed on the rack nest in the form of a sleeve, carrying a fixed nut in its upper part, in which is guided by the free end of a vertically oriented screw-shaped rod, the other end of which is fixed in a tubular bushing with a rest for the hand, installed with the possibility of vertical movement in the tubular guide of the dome, fixed on the base, while the tubular bushing is inserted with its free end into the cavity of the tubular element (RF patent No. 159739, publ. 02/20/2016).

This decision was taken as a prototype.

A feature of this whirligig is the presence of a base on which the dome is non-rotationally fixed, which in turn at its top is a support for the handle, mounted with the possibility of vertical movement up and down in order to move the screw-shaped rod through the nut fixed in the tubular sleeve of the rack. When the handle is pressed, the screw-shaped rod moves downward, forcing the nut and the tubular sleeve and the rack with installations connected to it to rotate. In addition, the stand with installations has a point support in the area of the base, relative to which this stand rotates. Structurally, the interface of the stand with the handle support is made in the form of the upper part of the stand, which is installed inside the annular protrusion of the handle support, while this connection point is located above the middle of the dome height. With a point support in the zone of connection of the rack with the base, the rack has the ability to rotate, but its upper part makes oscillatory deflections relative to the longitudinal axis of the dome. Therefore, in the place of the free connection of the stand with the support for the handle (its part called the tubular guide), angular deviations of this upper part from the vertical axis occur, leading to its contact with the wall of the annular protrusion. That is, the rack constantly oscillates at the beginning of rotation during rotation until its acceleration, at which the screw-shaped rod does not touch the button for turning on the musical mechanism. But a nut is rigidly attached to the upper part of the rack, which is part of the screw mechanism, the operation of which is possible under the conditions of engagement. A misaligned rod or nut will jam the screw. It should also be borne in mind that children's toys are made of plastically soft polymers that do not have increased strength and wear-resistant qualities. As a result, after some time of operation, the junction of the rack to the handle support becomes loose, the rack with installations acquires increased mobility in lateral movements and the screw mechanism begins to wedge.

It is also unreliable to have a dome and make it from a thin-walled transparent material, which, in fact, is not a support for the handle holding unit, since it has too much sagging.

During development, the child first perceives the world around him through visual perception, but this period is very short and is closely related to the need to reinforce the visual sensation with tactile sensations. Therefore, the child tries to pick up what he saw in order to get an idea of the shape of the object he saw, the sensations of touching and pressing. These two factors of the correct development of the child require reinforcement with the possibility of real implementation. In the well-known solution, installations (toys), when rotating, begin to spin and deviate on their point supports. The child sees them, but cannot touch them due to the fact that they are closed by a dome, which is necessary to position the handle assembly with a screw-shaped shaft. As a result, the whirligig does not make it possible to form a connection between visual sensation and tactile sensations. In most cases, this will cause the child to break or break the toy. In addition, the child does not understand why the toy suddenly stopped working. Unfortunately, such a function inherent in adults, how to try again, is not always inherent in a child. Therefore, if the spinning top does not start, then this can provoke a loss of interest in the toy.

Any movable toy, even if it has primitive movements, should retain the function of this movement until the child's interest in this toy disappears due to his natural maturation. The practice of forming normal psychomoric reactions in a child and the correct feeling of the world on toys, as on the primary didactic material, shows that in the early period of development, the process of perception of the world is perceived exclusively not on real objects, but on their imitations or their analogues, which have the functions of playful appeal. Until the child consolidates the causal relationship between vision and sensation (which the toy gives him), this process should not be interrupted artificially, that is, in the case of using a moving toy, due to its breakage. The breakdown of a toy can provoke a failure in the formation of such connections, which, with repeated cases, can gain a foothold as a stable, positive attitude towards the more complex processes of the child's internal psychoorganization.

This utility model is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the operational reliability and durability of a child's toy - whirligig by eliminating the impact of lateral forces on the helical gear when the toy starts rotating.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the whirligig contains a base with an externally located flat support for installing the toy on a supporting surface, bearing a support in the center of the tubular shape, a supporting structure for placement in installation nests, made in the lower part in the form of a platform and carrying a tubular shape in the center the first support, which encloses the base support from the outside and is rotatable relative to this base support due to point support on it at a point on the longitudinal axis of the base support, and the second support in the form of a tubular element with an end, covering the first support of the support structure and the end of which is located in height at a distance from the end of the first support of this structure, a handle for starting the rotation of the support structure, containing a screw-shaped screw shaft with a nut, passed through the end of the tubular support of the support structure in the direction of the point of support, this support is on the tubular support of the base located at the middle level the height of the whirligig, while the screw nut is located above the end of the tubular support of the support structure, made with teeth, and is equipped on the side facing this support with mating teeth, and the point support is made in the form of a base support fixed on the longitudinal axis at the end of the tubular shape on its the longitudinal axis of the conical element, the end part of which is inserted into the recess of the reciprocal shape on the tubular support of the support structure.

These features are essential and are interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features, sufficient to obtain the required technical result.

The present utility model is illustrated by specific examples of execution, which, however, are not the only possible ones, but clearly demonstrate the possibility of achieving the required technical result.

FIG. 1 longitudinal section of a child's toy - whirligig, the first example of execution;

fig. 2 is a general view of the support of the supporting structure;

fig. 3 - general view of the base;

fig. 4 is a general view of the support structure with installation slots;

fig. 5 - general installation in the form of a flower;

fig. 6 shows a flower mounting ring according to FIG. five;

fig. 7 - an installation element for a toy in the form of a bear;

fig. 8 - longitudinal section of a children's toy - whirligig, the second example of execution.

According to this utility model, the design of a child's toy - a whirligig - is considered, intended for playing on a flat surface.

In the general case, the constructive (the basic design that ensures the rotation of the nodes) of the whirligig is based on the following.

Yula contains:

- a base with an externally located flat support for installing the toy on the supporting surface, bearing a support in the center of the tubular shape;

- a support structure for placement in installation nests, made in the lower part of the dish-shaped shape and carrying the first support in the center of the tubular shape, which is put on top of the tubular support of the base and encloses it from the outside with the possibility of rotation relative to this support of the base due to point support on it at a point on the longitudinal axis of the base support;

- the second support of the supporting structure in the form of a tubular element with an end, covering the first support of the support structure and the end of which is located in height at a distance from the end of the first support of this structure,

- a handle for starting the rotation of the support structure, containing a screw-shaped screw shaft with a nut, passed through the end of the tubular second support of the support structure in the direction of the point of support of the first support on the tubular support of the base;

- this point is located at the midpoint of the whirligig height;

- the screw nut is located above the end of the tubular second support of the support structure, which is made with teeth, and is equipped on the side facing this support with mating teeth to ensure engagement with this support;

- the point support is made in the form of a conical element fixed on the longitudinal axis at the end of the tubular shape of the base support on its longitudinal axis, the end element of which is inserted into the recess.

In this case, all elements of the whirligig, with the exception of the elements of the screw drive, are made of polymer material approved for use in children's toys according to sanitary and hygienic standards and safety standards (for example, polypropylene, low-pressure polyethylene, less often high-pressure polyethylene or polystyrene and ABS (acrylobutadiene styrene plastic).

Base 1 (FIGS. 1 and 3) is a flat bottom, allowing this base to be installed on a flat surface. The flat bottom in the example shown in FIG. 3, within the framework of reducing the weight, it is made in the form of several rings concentrically located in one plane, which are radially interconnected by jumpers. In principle, nothing limits the possibility of manufacturing a dish-shaped base, as is, for example, done in the prototype. In the center of the bottom, a tubular support 2 is fixed (or made integral with the bottom) in the form of a hollow sleeve with a glass-shaped end, in which a nest 3 is made to accommodate a support (whirligig) of a cone element 4 of the support structure 5 on the base ( Fig. 1). This conical element is made in the form of a cone (with a flat outer surface or with a slightly concave surface, as shown in Fig. 1), having a leg, which is recessed into the socket 3 and is held in it by a bolt 6 or other fastening means.

The support structure 5 (Figs. 1 and 4) is a flat platform (dish-shaped in the lower part), in the central part (in the center) of which the first support 7 is fixed (or made integral with it) of the tubular shape, which is a hollow bushing with a plugged the end, in which a socket is made on the outer surface for placing the musical mechanism 8 (Fig. 1). And on the inner side of the plugged end, a recess is made, which in shape corresponds to the shape of the cone surface of the conical element 4. The end part of the cone element is inserted into this recess on the first support 7, forming a point rotation support for the support structure around the longitudinal axis passing through the tubular support 2 To ensure free rotation and, minimizing sliding friction of the end part of the conical element on the wall of the recess, the counter recess is made with an opening angle exceeding the angle of the cone at its apex. Thus, the support structure has the ability to swing slightly in small angular gaps around the longitudinal axis of the whirligig. In fact, the support structure has a pendulum suspension on this conical element, which allows the support structure to self-align with respect to the longitudinal axis of the whirligig during rotation, compensating for the imbalance of this structure.

The first support 7 is put on top of the tubular support 2 with the introduction of the end part of the conical element 4 into the corresponding recess. At the same time, the fulcrum is located approximately in the middle of the whirligig height, while the center of gravity of the support structure, together with the installations on it, will be located closer to the platform. As a result of such a constructive solution, side loads on the base are excluded, the installations also remain suspended on a pendulum suspension, and during rotation, bending of the support structure relative to the longitudinal axis of the base is excluded.

But to position the conical element, it is necessary to increase the spatial rigidity of the support 2. For this purpose, a second tubular support 9 (Fig. 2) is used in the top, which is a hollow bushing with a plugged end, in which end teeth 10 are made on the outer surface. This bushing is made higher than the height of the support 7 and is put on from above on the support 7, the end part of the support 9 with elastic clips 11 snaps into the platform of the support structure and is fastened to it. In this case, the side wall of the support 9 freely adjoins the surface of the wall of the support 2, creating a strong structure with sufficient resistance to bending.

A cap 12 is put on top of the whirligig, which in the example shown in FIG. 1, is made in the form of a carousel with balls 14 suspended from it on pendants 13 (as an example). The lid is connected to the second support 9 and, when rotating, the balls diverge to the sides.

The handle 15 for starting the rotation of the support structure is located above the cover and contains a screw-shaped rod 16 of the screw drive with a nut 17. The rod 16 is passed through the end of the tubular support 9 and is laid in a tubular guide made integral with the end of the support 9, and is directed by its free end in the direction The fulcrum is the support on the tubular support of the base. The free end of the screw-shaped rod 16 is installed with the ability to abut against the power button of the musical mechanism 8 (Fig. 1). The nut is placed in the cavity formed by the end face of the support 9 and the cover 12. In this case, the screw nut 17 is located above the end face of the tubular support of the support structure and is made with end teeth, which it is equipped with from the side facing this support with mating teeth.

To ensure rotation of the whirligig, the child grasps the handle 12 and pulls it out together with the screw-shaped rod 16 (the nut 17 rotates in the direction opposite to the engagement of the end teeth). Then, pressing on the handle, the rod 16 is lowered inside the support structure, while the nut gains reverse rotation and meshes with teeth on the end face of the support 9. The support structure rotates. When the free end of the rod 16 is at the lowest point, the end of the rod 16 rests against the power button on the body of the musical mechanism and a melody starts playing.

Musical mechanism 8 is made in the form of a separate module and is a plastic case that fits into a slot at the end of support 2. Inside the case, in the bottom area, there is a speaker, and above it a board with a battery / s, a power button and a microcircuit in which the melody is recorded. The power key is brought out through the housing cover. The music is turned on by pressing a key on the case cover, which is connected to the button on the board. Music is played for 40 seconds after which the module turns off. By way of illustration, no music module is presented. These musical blocks are widely produced and used in toys of various designs.

The handle with a screw-shaped shaft 16 in the support 9 is free and recessed under its own weight. Such contact of the end part of the rod with the key does not trigger the activation button of the musical mechanism 8 (for example, due to the presence of a spring that presses the key). To turn on the musical mechanism, it is necessary to press on the rod with an effort that will overcome the force of the spring, in this case the music is turned on.

A feature of the claimed construct is that there are no lateral stresses on the supports supporting the structure as a whole. The high point suspension of the support structure on the conical element above the center of gravity of the whirligig eliminates the transmission of vibrations of the platform with installations when the whirligig is rotating, which leads to unloading of the base. At the same time, self-alignment of the support structure is provided during its rotation.

A feature of the basic design of the whirligig is the presence of a tubular system of increased strength and a sufficiently high resistance to bending due to the fact that two supports in the form of tubular elements are in contact with each other by the side walls. Installations, due to the variety of shapes and sizes, can differ in weight, which, when the supporting structure rotates, leads to unbalance. But these vibrations are not transmitted to the tubular supports, since the support structure has a point suspension.

The platform of the support structure 5 is three-dimensional and has formed slots 18 (Fig. 4), in which replaceable installations are installed, which, in the example shown in Fig. 1, toys imitating animals and flowers. This whirligig is designed to install two types of installations: fixed and movable, that is, rotating around its axis at the installation site when the whirligig is rotating.

For installations of the first type (stationary in the form of a toy imitation of an animal or fairy-tale character), a mounting frame 19 (Fig. 7) is used, which is a mounting (support) ring 20, which is removably fixed around the perimeter of the socket 18 on the platform (for example, with an elastic clip). And the toy 21 in the form of a game character in the lower part is made with an annular recess 22. When the toy is installed, its lower part is pushed into the ring 20, which enters this recess and fixes the toy in the mounting frame 19 (Fig. 1). The mounting frame can have decorative elements, for example in the form of projections 23, simulating a bush or grass (optional). When making a toy from an elastically soft polymer material, the child has the opportunity to pull it out of the installation frame and play with it.

For this type of installations, other options for mounting the toy are also possible. For example, in FIG. 1 shows an example of reinforcing a toy in a support ring, inside which a hemisphere is mounted, fastened to a hemisphere in the platform socket.

For an installation of the second type (movable in the form of, for example, a toy or a flower), the installation itself is performed in the form, for example, of a flower 24 (Figs. 1 and 5). This flower is installed in an installation element in the form of a support ring 25 (Fig. 6). For this flower, a protrusion 26 is formed in the socket 18, into which a pointed element 27 is inserted, the sharp tip of which is a support for a flower 24. This flower 24, together with a support ring 25, is placed on the tip of a pointed element 27, while the support ring is a vertical orientation positioning element flower in the nest. When the whirligig is rotating, due to vibrations and under the action of centrifugal forces, the flower rotates around the pointed end of element 27.

To increase amusement and create a sound effect, the support ring 25 can be made with radially directed protrusions or teeth 28 (Fig. 6), and a metal elastic plate 29 (Fig. 1) is fixed on the base. When the flower rotates independently, the support ring 25 with its protrusions (teeth) touches the plate 29, which, when deflected, emits a characteristic sound (ratchet).

For guaranteed rotation of the flower, which is based on the presence of imbalance, an LED bead 30 (Fig. 1) is placed in the flower cavity (inside the flower) and the flower cavity is closed with a thin-walled cover 30, which is made with through holes or can be made transparent. The presence of such a ball increases the imbalance of the flower, which not only makes the flower rotate, but also increases the time of its rotation due to inertial forces. The LED ball consists of a body in the form of two connected hemispheres, inside of which a control microprocessor connected to the shock sensor is placed on the board, the function of which is to connect the LEDs to the battery / cam for a specified time. When the whirligig starts rotating, the shock sensor is triggered and the microprocessor connects the LEDs to the power source, the LEDs start to glow (the light emission can be constant or changing according to the algorithm embedded in the control microprocessor). In this case, the LED ball begins to move around the flower cavity under the action of centrifugal forces and due to the rotation of the flower itself. The glow of the LEDs passes through the cover 30. The cover is fixed in the walls of the flower by means of elastic clips, which makes it difficult for a child to accidentally remove it. But the flower can be removed from the nest, and in this case it turns into an entertaining toy that can be supported in the hands and at the same time this toy starts to glow with every movement.

When the body rotates, the flowers put on the tip rods rotate around their axis, and the animal figurines, located in the leaves, sit motionless. After stopping the body, the rotation of the flowers continues due to the forces of inertia.

The whirligig itself is high-tech and maintainable. By removing the cover, you can gain access to the nut and monitor the wear of the end teeth. If you remove the second support 9 (with the cover removed earlier), then access to the music module is provided and the possibility of replacing it (in case of breakdown) with another one or replacing the battery / s. When the luminescence of the LED ball is weakened, it is enough to squeeze the elastic paws or clips at the cover, which will allow you to pull the ball out of the flower cavity and open its case to replace the battery / s.

Making the elements of the whirligig from a "soft" polymer makes the toy safe, since such a polymer belongs to elastic-plastic polymers that easily deform under load and with the restoration of the original shape. Thin-walled base and sleeve elements can significantly reduce the weight of the whirligig, which correlates with the child's ability to lift and hold the toy in his hands.

An example of a whirligig shown in Fig. 8 basically repeats the construction of the example of FIG. 1. Both examples completely coincide in the construct, providing a technologically competent arrangement of the whirligig structure elements. The second example is distinguished by the execution of installations. Installations, which are toys such as imitations of fairytale heroes or animals, are made movable and can rotate around their axis. Thus, the installation of this type of installation includes a support ring 25, which is installed in a socket in the platform of the support structure. And in the lower part of the toy 21 there is an insert 31 having a recess in the center facing the open part towards the platform.

In the socket 18, in which the toy 21 is to be placed, a protrusion 26 is made, into which a pointed element 27 is inserted, the sharp tip of which is a support for the toy. This toy, together with the insert 31 and the support ring 25, is placed on the tip of the pointed element 27, the support ring being the element for positioning the vertical orientation of the toy in the nest. When the whirligig is rotating, due to vibrations and under the action of centrifugal forces, the toy rotates around the pointed end of the element 27.

The support ring 25 can be made with radially directed protrusions or teeth 28 (Fig. 6), and a metal elastic plate 29 is fixed on the base (Fig. 8). When the toy rotates independently, the support ring 25 with its protrusions (teeth) touches the plate 29, which, when deflected, emits a characteristic sound (ratchet).

Installations 32, which are fixed toys or imitate fairy-tale characters, are mounted in the nest due, for example, to free fit of the lower part 33 of the installation into a mating bed on the platform. Due to friction and their own weight, such installations remain motionless. At the top, the lower part is closed by a cover 34, which can be transparent or have through holes or carry a decoration element. Inside the closed cavity there is a LED ball 30, which, when the whirligig is rotated, moves along the installation cavity in an arbitrary movement and lights up (see the description of such a ball for an example in Fig. 1). If the cover 34 has holes or is transparent, the glow is projected onto the cover, making the rotation more attractive.

Moreover, all these installations are removable and the child can pull them out of the nest and play with them.

The utility model is not limited to the considered examples of installation execution.

The utility model is industrially applicable and makes it possible to increase the operational reliability and durability of a child's toy - whirligig by eliminating the impact of lateral forces on the helical gear when the toy starts rotating.

Claims (1)

Yula, characterized in that it contains a base with an externally located flat support for installing the toy on a supporting surface, carrying a support in the center of the tubular shape, a supporting structure for placement in installation nests, made in the lower part in the form of a platform and carrying the first support in the center of the tubular shape , which covers the outside of the base support and has the ability to rotate relative to this base support due to point support on it at a point on the longitudinal axis of the base support, and the second support in the form of a tubular element with an end, enclosing the first support of the support structure, the end of which is located in height at a distance from the end of the first support of this structure, a handle for starting the rotation of the support structure, containing a screw-shaped screw shaft with a nut, passed through the end of the second tubular support of the support structure in the direction of the point of support of the first support on the tubular support of the base located at the midpoint of the whirligig height, P In this case, the screw nut is located above the end face of the second tubular support of the support structure, made with teeth, and is equipped on the side facing this support with mating teeth, and the point support is made in the form of a base support fixed on the longitudinal axis at the end of the tubular shape on its longitudinal axis a conical element, the end part of which is inserted into a recess of a reciprocal shape on a tubular support of the support structure.

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