RU2020855C1 - Device for fractioning raw material into soft and hard parts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: device has a body with a filling hopper. The device also has a separator with channels in its walls for discharge of the soft fraction. An auger mounted in the body and separator has sharpened edges and a device for discharge of the hard fraction. In the inner wall of the separator guide there are channels tapering in the raw material movement direction. The length of the channels is sufficient to form a smooth area between the channels and separator. The length of this area is not more than 1.5 the pitch of the auger flights. The total area of inlet holes of the separator channels is at least three areas of section of the auger in front of the separator, and a gap between the auger is not more than 0.3% of the auger diameter. It is expedient that the separator channels are variable in their cross-section. EFFECT: higher throughput; less consumption of energy. 2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to machines for food processing.

 A device for separating raw materials into a soft part and a solid residue, comprising a housing with a loading hopper, a separator connected to the housing, in the walls of which are formed channels for the output of the soft part of the raw materials, a raw material bursting assembly mounted in the housing and the separator, made in the form of a screw with pointed edges and a means for withdrawing a solid residue.

 The disadvantages of this design include the low reliability and performance of the device, rather high energy costs.

 This is due to the fact that during operation, the edges of the screw are triggered and the gap between the body and the screw increases. A counterflow occurs in the gap that appears and products accumulate in this zone. To push products, it is necessary to exert rather high efforts and expend additional energy.

 The proposed device allows to eliminate these disadvantages, increase productivity and reduce energy consumption while maintaining product quality (temperature, percentage of Ca in the meat portion, etc.).

 Figure 1 shows the device, a General view; figure 2 - section aa in fig. 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1; figure 4 - node I of figure 1; figure 5 - control valve; figure 6 - node II of figure 1.

 The device consists of a housing 1 with a loading hopper 2, a separator 3, in the walls of which channels 4 are made, a screw 5 with sharp edges. The separator 3 is connected to the housing 1 by means of a guide 6. In the inner wall of the guide, longitudinal grooves are made 7. The grooves are tapering in the direction of movement of the raw material and of such a length that a smooth section 8 is formed between them and the separator. The length of this section is no more than 1.5 steps turns of the screw in front of the separator.

 The total area of the inlet channels 4 is chosen equal to at least three cross-sectional areas of the auger path in front of the separator. The gap between the separator and the screw is made within 0.3% of the screw diameter. Channels 4 may have a variable cross-section. The auger is driven into rotation from the drive 9. The separator can be made as one-piece or type-setting of the plates. The means for outputting the solid residue is made in the form of an adjustable valve 10.

 The device operates as follows.

 We will consider the operation of the device using the example of separating bones from meat.

 Through the hopper 2, the pre-crushed raw material enters the screw 5. The grinding operation may not be available, depending on the need to create characteristic particle sizes for this screw.

 Particles of raw materials with a larger than characteristic size are destroyed upon entering the guide due to cutting by a screw at its edge. In the guide, the raw material is compressed, moving progressively relative to the grooves 7. These grooves are designed to increase friction between the raw material and the guide. The length of the grooves is determined by the conditions for creating optimal pressure in front of the separator. The tests showed the sufficiency of performing a smooth section 8 with a length of not more than 1.5 steps of turns of the screw in front of the separator.

 After filling the working path with raw materials and compressing them (in section 8), the raw materials are transported to the separator, where the soft part of the raw materials behaves like a liquid under the influence of the created pressure and is forced through the openings of the separator.

 It should be noted that the total area of the openings of the channels 4 in the inner part of the separator is chosen equal to at least three cross-sectional areas of the auger path in front of the separator. Channels 4 may have a variable cross-section. This embodiment will allow you to create conditions for controlling the speed of raw material exit from the separator along its length. The solid residue leaves the separator through an adjustable valve 10. The valve is adjusted by moving it along the axis of the separator. The implementation of the adjustable valve will allow solving the problem of isolating various solid residues (by fractions) and creating optimal pressure in the separator zone, depending on the types of raw materials.

 In this design, a reduction in energy intensity was achieved by creating optimal pressure in the zone in front of the separator.

 Productivity is increased due to both the creation of optimal parameters (primarily pressure), and due to a change in the counterflow in the opposite direction - towards the outlet (the screw is made of a constant diameter).

Claims (2)

 1. DEVICE FOR SEPARATION OF RAW MATERIALS TO SOFT PART AND SOLID RESIDUE, comprising a housing with a discharge hopper connected to a separator housing, in the walls of which are formed channels for the output of the soft part of the raw material, a raw material bursting unit mounted in the housing and in the separator, made in the form of a screw with pointed edges, and means for outputting a solid residue, characterized in that the separator is connected to the housing by means of a guide, in the inner wall of which longitudinal grooves are formed, made tapering to a side well, the movement of raw materials and having a length that ensures the formation between them and the separator of a smooth section, the length of which is no more than 1.5 steps of turns of the screw in front of the separator, while the total area of the inlet channels of the separator is chosen equal to at least three cross-sectional areas of the auger path in front of the separator, and the gap between the separator and the screw is made within 0.3% of the diameter of the screw.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the separator channels have a variable cross-section.

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