RU201472U1 - Mobile unit for disinfection of laboratory premises after work with viral and bacterial infections - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for emergency or planned disinfection of laboratory premises that work with dangerous viral and bacterial infections and can be used in biotechnology, microbiology and the medical industry. The technical result of the claimed utility model is the creation of a simpler device for the disinfection of contaminated laboratory premises by simplifying the means for supplying reagents to the reaction chamber and ensuring the mobility of the claimed device. A mobile installation for disinfection of premises contains a housing in which a reaction chamber is located, the upper end wall of which is made removable and perforated for the withdrawal of vapors of a sterilizing reagent, a container for a liquid reagent with a supply pipeline having an electromagnetic valve for regulating the supply of liquid formaldehyde reagent to the reaction chamber, a unit remote control of the solenoid valve, the control panel of which is installed outside the contaminated area and the unit for supplying the vapor of the sterilizing reagent for the treatment of the contaminated area. The body of the installation is made in the form of a container with a removable lid, located on a platform with wheels, and at the bottom of the reaction chamber of the said body there is a zone for placing a powdered reagent of potassium permanganate. The pipeline of the container for supplying the liquid reagent is installed on the lid of the installation body above the removable end perforated wall of the reaction vessel and is equipped with a bump cone installed with the top in front of the outlet of the said pipeline coaxially with the latter and with a gap relative to its edges. The unit for supplying vapors of the sterilizing reagent is a multistage separator for removing residues of liquid and solid reaction components, mounted on the lid of the installation housing, the inlets of which are located inside the installation housing above the removable perforated end wall of the reaction vessel, and its outlet openings are outside the installation housing. A removable washer with a calibrated hole is installed in the pipeline of the container for supplying a liquid reagent in front of the solenoid valve to regulate the flow rate when the liquid reagent is supplied to the reaction chamber and to control the reaction between the liquid and powder reagents. 1 wp f-ly, 3 dwg

Description

The utility model relates to devices for emergency or planned disinfection of laboratory premises after working with dangerous viral and bacterial infections and can be used in biotechnology, microbiology and the medical industry.

The claimed mobile device for disinfecting laboratory premises by spraying a disinfectant in gaseous form in the premises of the "infectious" zone during planned shutdowns of laboratory work for the period of preventive examination of engineering systems for ensuring biological safety and carrying out scheduled preventive maintenance, as well as during the elimination of the consequences of emergency situations when working with PBA I-IV hazard groups in the laboratory.

A device for sterilizing and / or disinfecting the surface of a container is known, containing a steam generator of a sterilizing agent (the sterilizing agent is maintained in a vaporous state), a nozzle communicating with the generator, a mechanism for moving and setting the nozzle relative to the surface of the container, perpendicular to the direction of flow of steam of the sterilizing agent from the nozzle , and a control unit for controlling the release of the generated steam of the sterilizing agent through the nozzle into the container and cleaning the container from the released sterilizing agent with gas from the specified nozzle (RF patent No. 2275208, IPC A61L 2/00, publ. 27.04.2006). The device provides high-speed disinfection of surfaces by dry steam from a steam generator nozzle with 35% hydrogen peroxide as a disinfectant material at a relatively high temperature, and the remaining hydrogen peroxide vapor is then removed from the container by blowing it with hot air at a high temperature.

However, such a device is not intended for disinfecting the surfaces of large premises intended for work with viral and bacterial infections. Hydrogen peroxide has a low bactericidal activity, therefore, it is not used to disinfect dangerous viral and bacterial infections.

A known machine for complex disinfection of agricultural production premises of poultry complexes, containing mounted on a self-propelled chassis with an engine, containers for water, foaming agent and disinfectant solution with a heating system, connected to a pump, compressor, mixer, piping system and an outlet flexible hose with nozzles. Moreover, the mixer at the inlet is connected to the pump and through a pressure reducer and receiver - to the compressor, and at the outlet - to a flexible hose (RF patent No. 2099088, A61L 2/00, publ. 20.12.1997).

Large dimensions and weight of the machine limit its mobility and use in disinfecting the surfaces of numerous laboratory premises designed for working with viral and bacterial infections.

Known is a device for disinfection with water vapor, containing a steam generator and a nozzle connected to the steam generator (international application WO 9948538, A61L 2/07, publ. 09/30/1999). The device provides one type of disinfecting effect - water vapor, which does not allow suppressing the pathogenic flora present in laboratory premises designed to work with dangerous viral and bacterial infections.

A known disinfection machine containing a steam generator, sources of hydrogen peroxide, a source of a disinfectant in the form of peracetic acid, a means for mixing water vapor and peracetic acid and an ejector of the mixture (international application WO 2011076947, A61L 2/22, publ. 30.06.2011) ...

However, such devices are not intended for disinfection of large-area surfaces in laboratory rooms designed to work with viral and bacterial infections.

A device for disinfecting and sanitizing objects using water vapor is known, containing a container for accommodating a disinfectant liquid added to the steam during its supply, a tubular body forming a chamber for releasing steam from a source of compressed steam, having a handle for transferring and a nozzle built into the inside chamber at its closed end, and the chamber is open at the other end for supplying steam to the object of disinfection and has a cross-sectional area greater than the cross-section of the nozzle opening by 30-150 times, and the container for placing the disinfectant liquid is fixed outside the tubular body with the possibility of supplying the specified liquid into the chamber cavity for mixing it with steam before disinfecting the object (RF patent No. 2409390, A61L 2/07, publ. 20.01.2011). The device allows you to disinfect small objects with a small work surface, including surgical and / or medical instruments and equipment.

However, even such a device is not intended for disinfection of large-area surfaces in laboratory rooms designed to work with viral and bacterial infections.

Known installation for the treatment of working surfaces with a disinfectant solution using water vapor, containing a steam generator with a steam line and a nozzle built into a tubular body having an open end for the release of a disinfectant solution with water vapor, and a container for the disinfectant solution.

The container for the disinfectant solution is formed inside the tubular body and is made in the form of a chamber with an external inlet for connection to an autonomous source of the disinfectant solution. The specified chamber is made with the possibility of heat exchange with the nozzle and the introduction of a disinfectant solution into the nozzle channel (RF patent No. 2554770, IPC A61L 2/07, publ. 06/27/2015). The technology for treating working surfaces with a disinfectant solution using water vapor includes the formation of a mixture of a disinfecting solution and water vapor during the processing of the working surface. Humate is used as a disinfectant solution, and the specified mixture is an aerosol of humate in water vapor. The humate aerosol in water vapor has a temperature of at least 60 ° C and a dispersion of 5-10 microns. The concentration of humates in water vapor ranges from 80 to 150 ml / l. The release of the aerosol of humate in water vapor onto the working surface for processing is carried out at a distance of no more than 0.5 meters from the specified surface. The working surface is treated once for 15-20 seconds with a humate aerosol in water vapor.

However, the device is also not intended for disinfection of large-area surfaces in laboratory rooms designed to work with viral and bacterial infections. In addition, the disinfectant aerosol in water vapor adversely affects the equipment and instruments of laboratories during the disinfection of these premises.

A device for preparing a disinfectant for disinfecting laboratory premises designed to work with viral and bacterial infections is known (utility model patent No. 191517, IPC A61L 2/20, publ. 08/09/2020). The device includes a source of supply of a gaseous heated coolant under pressure and a container with a disinfectant connected by a pipeline to a source of supply of a gaseous heated coolant under pressure, characterized in that the source of supply of a gaseous heated coolant under pressure is made in the form of a pipe-in-pipe-type tubular heat exchanger twisted into a spiral , the outer coarse of which is made with the possibility of connecting through an electrovalve with a source of superheated water vapor, and one end of the inner tube of the heat exchanger is made with the possibility of connecting with a source of compressed air, its other end is connected by a pipeline through an electromagnetic valve for supplying heated compressed air with a container with a disinfectant, and the container above the filling level of it with a disinfectant, it is made with the possibility of connecting to the inlet of a looped pipeline with nozzles having valves for supplying a disinfectant to laboratory rooms in which the control unit is located Looped loop piping. The device is additionally equipped with a control and monitoring unit connected to an electrovalve for supplying heated compressed air to a container with a disinfectant, and an electrovalve for supplying superheated water vapor to the outer tube of the heat exchanger.

However, this device is stationary, difficult to manufacture and operate, and requires a steam supply system.

The closest analogue (prototype) is an incubator for breeding birds with a fumigation device (Chinese patent No. 207083825, IPC A61L 2/20, publ. 03/13/2018) The incubator has an installation stand for placing several types of eggs, on the inner wall of the incubator is located sterilization box fumigator. The box-fumigator includes a chamber for mixing components for fumigation and two chambers for placing liquid components of fumigation, filled with solutions of potassium permanganate and formaldehyde, respectively. Two chambers for fumigation components are connected by pipelines with a mixing chamber of fumigation components, and control electrovalves are installed in these pipelines. The control valves are connected via a controller to a time control device (timer). In the chamber for mixing the fumigation components, there is an altering mechanism made in the form of a vertical shaft with blades and a shaft rotation drive. In the wall of the upper part of the chamber for mixing the fumigation components, there are many openings for air outlet, above which there is a device for dosing and dispersing a gaseous fumigation reagent inside the incubator, made in the form of a horizontally located blade with a drive for its rotation.

However, the specified device is structurally complex, made in a stationary version for use in one specific room and cannot be moved to disinfect other contaminated rooms. The reaction between the solutions of formaldehyde and potassium permanganate is slow, and therefore a stirrer is installed in the reactor to intensify the reaction and a fan to move the reaction products to the place of processing the premises, which complicates the prototype fumigation device. In addition, this fumigator cannot ensure reliable safety of equipment and devices located in a contaminated room due to insufficiently effective removal of residues of liquid and solid reaction components from the vapor of the sterilizing reagent.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the creation of a simpler device for the disinfection of contaminated laboratory premises by simplifying the means for supplying reagents to the reaction chamber and ensuring the mobility of the claimed device, as well as increasing the safety of equipment and devices of the specified contaminated laboratories due to more efficient removal of residues from the vapor of the sterilizing reagent liquid and solid components of the reaction.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that a mobile installation for disinfection of laboratory premises after work with viral and bacterial infections, containing a housing in which a reaction chamber is located, the upper end wall of which is made removable and perforated to remove sterilizing reagent vapors, a container for a liquid reagent with a supply pipeline with a solenoid valve for regulating the supply of liquid formaldehyde reagent to the reaction chamber, a remote control unit for the solenoid valve, the control panel of which is installed outside the contaminated area, and a unit for supplying sterilizing reagent vapors for treating the contaminated area, according to the utility model, the installation body is made in the form of a container with a removable lid, located on a platform with wheels, and at the bottom of the reaction chamber of the said housing there is a zone for placing a powdery potassium permanganate reagent, a container pipeline for supplying liquid the reagent is installed on the lid of the installation housing above the removable end perforated wall of the reaction vessel and is equipped with a baffle cone installed with the apex in front of the outlet of the specified pipeline coaxially with the latter and with a gap relative to its edges; the sterilizing reagent vapor supply unit is a multi-stage separator for removing liquid and solid residues reaction components installed on the lid of the installation housing, the inlets of which are located inside the installation housing above the removable end perforated wall of the reaction vessel, and its outlet openings are outside the installation housing; a removable washer with a calibrated hole is installed in the pipeline of the container for supplying a liquid reagent in front of the solenoid valve to regulate the flow rate when the liquid reagent is supplied to the reaction chamber and to control the reaction between the liquid and powder reagents.

A multistage separator for removing residues of liquid and solid reaction components from vapors of a sterilizing reagent is made in the form of a glass with a removable lid, inside which a horizontal baffle with an axial hole and a cylindrical sleeve are installed coaxially, resting on one end in the horizontal baffle, and with the other end in the lid of the glass with the formation of the lower receiving, axial intermediate and outlet annular chambers, and through holes are made in the cylindrical side walls of the said chambers to communicate them with each other.

The use of a liquid formaldehyde solution as reaction components, supplied in metered doses through a calibrated washer into the reaction chamber with dry potassium permanganate powder, provides a more intense reaction with the formation of formaldehyde vapors, which is supplied under pressure due to its own kinetic energy into the contaminated laboratory room as a result of which (compared to prototype, Chinese patent No. 207083825) does not require a stirring device and a fan to move the reagent vapors from the reaction chamber to the treatment area of the contaminated room, as well as placing them in each room of the incubator. A mobile compact disinfection unit can be easily moved from one contaminated room to another for their treatment, as a result of which there is no need to create complex stationary disinfection installations with reagent supply systems to each room (RF utility model patent No. 191517, analogue).

The utility model is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1-3. FIG. 1 shows a general diagram of a mobile unit for disinfection of premises. FIG. 2 shows a multi-stage separator, and FIG. 3 - solenoid valve.

Mobile installation 1 for disinfection of laboratory premises after work with viral and bacterial infections contains a housing 2 made in the form of a container 3 with a removable cover 4 and is located on a platform 5 with wheels 6 for mobile movement of the installation 1. A removable horizontal perforated partition is installed in the container 3 7, forming a reaction chamber in the lower part of the container 3 8. The partition 7 is the upper end wall of the reaction chamber 8 and serves to remove the vapor of the sterilizing reagent through the holes 9 to the outside, and at the bottom 10 of the reaction chamber 8 of the said body 2 there is a zone 11 for placing the powdery reagent potassium permanganate.

Perforated partition 7 is a stainless steel sheet with perforation holes of 10 mm in diameter, with a specially selected perforation pitch of 10 mm. The selected perforation pitch allows the resulting formaldehyde vapor to be uniformly released into the environment.

Installation 1 also contains a container 12 for a liquid reagent with a pipeline 13 for supplying said reagent to the reaction chamber 3, installed on the cover 4 of the housing 2. The pipeline 13 has a solenoid valve 14 for regulating the flow rate of the liquid reagent. The outlet end of the pipeline 13 is located in the container 3 above the perforated partition 7 and is equipped with a cut-off cone 15, installed with its apex in front of the outlet of the pipeline 13 coaxially with the latter and with a gap relative to its edges. The geometric dimensions of the cut-off cone 15 are calculated and made in such a way that the formaldehyde vapors rising at a high speed from the reaction chamber 8 create an ejection effect in the region of the top of the cut-off cone 15 in order not to interfere with the oncoming flow of formaldehyde solution into the reaction chamber 8.

In addition, the installation 1 contains a unit 16 for remote control of the solenoid valve 14, which includes a control panel installed outside the contaminated area to be treated, i.e. in a clean area and a unit 17 for supplying vapors of a sterilizing reagent for treating a contaminated area. Node 17 is a multistage separator for removing residual liquid and solid reaction components from the vapors of the sterilizing reagent, installed on the cover 4 of the housing 2 of the unit 1. The multistage separator 17 is made in the form of a glass 18 with a removable cover 19, inside of which a horizontal baffle 20 is installed coaxially with an axial hole 21 and a cylindrical sleeve 22, supported by one end in the horizontal partition 20, and the other end in the lid 19 of the cup 18 to form a lower receiving chamber 23, an axial intermediate chamber 24 and an outlet annular chamber 25. Moreover, in the cylindrical side walls of these chambers 23, 24 and 25, through holes 26, 27 and 28 are made, respectively, for communicating them with each other and ejecting formaldehyde vapors from the reaction chamber 8 of the installation 1 to the outside. The inlet openings 26 of the separator 17 are located inside the container 3 of the housing 2 of the installation 1 above the removable perforated partition 7 (the upper wall of the reaction container 8), and the outlet openings 28 are outside the housing 2 of the installation 1. In the pipeline 13 of the container 12 for supplying a liquid reagent in front of the solenoid valve 14 a removable washer 29 with a calibrated hole 30 is installed to control the flow rate when the liquid reagent is supplied to the reaction chamber 8 and to control the reaction between the liquid and powder reagents. The diameter of the removable sizing washer 29 is selected in such a way that the formalin solution enters the reaction chamber 8 with dry potassium permanganate at the required drainage rate, ensuring a uniform reaction.

Mobile installation 1 for disinfection of laboratory premises after work with viral and bacterial infections works as follows.

Mobile unit 1 is installed in a contaminated room. The required amount of potassium permanganate is placed at the bottom of the reaction chamber 8 and a removable perforated partition 7 is installed in the housing 2. The required amount of an aqueous solution of formaldehyde is poured into the container 12. The electrically operated solenoid ball valve 14 is in the "closed" position. The device is now ready for use. Power supply to all 220 V sockets located in the “infectious” zone is turned off from the “clean” electrical control room. The unit 16 for remote control of the solenoid valve 14 is connected to a "de-energized" outlet. The preparatory work has been completed, the operator enters the "clean" area. After that, the power supply of the sockets of the "infectious" zone is turned on from the "clean" area of the switchboard, while the electromagnetic valve 14 is opened remotely from the control panel of the unit 16 and the formaldehyde solution from the container 12 is fed through the pipeline 13 to the cut-off cone 15, which creates an ejection effect in the area of the drain pipeline 13 formaldehyde solution, which allows it to be fed more evenly into the reaction chamber 8 on the surface of the potassium permanganate powder. In the reaction chamber 8, a reduction reaction is initiated with the release of a large amount of heat and an increase in pressure, due to which formaldehyde is evaporated. The quantitative ratio of reagents is calculated in the proportion of formaldehyde: water: potassium permanganate in a ratio of 1: 0.5: 1.5, so that at least 25 ml of formaldehyde falls on 1 m ³ of the room volume.

Formaldehyde vapors under pressure move and change the direction of their movement three times passing through the perforated partition 7 and then the three-stage separator 18, which does not allow liquid and solid reaction components to enter the treated room, being evenly distributed throughout its volume.

At the beginning of the potassium permanganate reduction reaction, the formed formaldehyde vapors, together with the liquid (drops) and solid (residual potassium permanganate powder) reaction components captured by them, rise up and pass through the perforated partition 7, the function of which is the preliminary separation of vapors and other reaction components. During the passage of this mixture through the perforated partition 7, a part of the kinetic energy of the reaction is lost, as a result of which more than 50% of the liquid and solid components of the reaction remain in the reaction chamber 8.

Vapors of formaldehyde with residues of liquid and solid components of the reaction enter through the holes 26 into the receiving chamber 23 of the separator, where part of the kinetic energy of this reaction is also lost, as a result of which further separation of vapors of formaldehyde from the liquid and solid components of the reaction mixture occurs.

Further, vapors of formaldehyde with an insignificant residue of liquid and solid reaction components enter through the axial hole 21 into the intermediate chamber 24 of the three-stage separator and through the holes 27, changing the direction of movement by 180 °, enter the outlet annular chamber 25 of the separator, where they are completely cleaned of residues of liquid and solid components reactions. Through the outlet openings 28 of the separator 18, formaldehyde vapors enter the air of the working area, completely disinfecting the air and all surfaces of the room, including the surfaces of enclosing building structures (OSK) and laboratory equipment. The reaction time of the formaldehyde solution with potassium permanganate powder is 10-15 minutes. After the exposure, lasting 24 hours, the room is ventilated, the mobile unit 1 is disassembled and cleaned of the residues of the reaction components.

Example 1. Experimental data on the amount of components used in the reaction mixture.

Unit 1 was tested in real conditions of the "contagious" zone for the treatment of virological boxed rooms, both completely sealed and when operating in the rooms of "duty" ventilation, designed to maintain a decompression mode in the "contagious" zone during disinfection.

When processing sealed virological boxed rooms, the ratio of the components of the reaction mixture meets the requirements of SP 1.3.3118-13 and is 12.5-17.5 ml / m3 ^of formaldehyde per 12.5-157.5 g of potassium permanganate at a temperature of 20-25 ° C and relative humidity in the room 60-92%.

When processing ventilated virological boxed premises of the "infectious" zone, the ratio of the components of the reaction mixture is 25-50 ml / m ³ formalin per 16-32 g (1.56: 1) potassium permanganate at a temperature of 20-25 ° C and a relative humidity of 60 -92%. Example 2. To carry out the final disinfection treatment of the virological boxed room of the "infectious" zone V = 144 m ³ , using the inventive installation 1, with the duty ventilation operating, designed to maintain the decompression mode in the room for 24 hours, 3.6 liters were taken formalin and 2.304 kg of potassium permanganate (1.56: 1). The test culture used was the Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. thuringiensis 221 (H1) deposited in the Collection of bacteria, bacteriophages, fungi of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution of the State Scientific Center of VB “Vector” of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare under the number B-911 (B-622), applied to test objects at a concentration of 1⋅10 ⁶ cells / cm ² . Ready test objects (25-30 pcs. Per room) were placed on the walls of the room, at different heights (from 1 to 4 m), on horizontal surfaces, including the floor, ceiling, in addition, 2 test objects were placed inside laboratory boxes. tables, cabinets, refrigerator, thermostat; in the cavity of microbiological safety boxes of classes 2-3, technological equipment, office equipment, on the back walls of equipment and in other hard-to-reach places. After sublimation of formalin using potassium permanganate and exposure for 24 hours, the test objects were plated on a solid nutrient medium.

All microbiological studies were carried out in accordance with the requirements of the manual R 4.2.2643-10.

Taking into account the results showed 100% efficiency of disinfection, that is, no viable test objects were found with the test culture applied to them.

Mobile unit 1 is intended for final disinfection (planned or in the event of an accident) of laboratory premises in which work is carried out with pathogens of any especially dangerous infections of viral and bacterial nature and differs from analogues in that formalin evaporates in it due to reaction with potassium permanganate , quickly creating the necessary concentration of formaldehyde vapors in the air of the working area, providing 100% efficiency of disinfection of premises. The proposed installation provides complete disinfection of laboratory premises in accordance with the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological rules for the organization of work with microorganisms of groups I-II of pathogenicity (hazard) SP 1.3. 3118-13.

Claims (2)

1. A mobile device for disinfection of laboratory premises after work with viral and bacterial infections, containing a housing in which a reaction chamber is located, the upper end wall of which is made removable and perforated for the withdrawal of sterilizing reagent vapors, a container for a liquid reagent with a supply pipeline having an electromagnetic a valve for regulating the supply of liquid formaldehyde reagent to the reaction chamber, a solenoid valve remote control unit, which is designed to interact with a control panel installed outside the contaminated area and a sterilizing reagent vapor supply unit for treating a contaminated area, characterized in that the mobile device body is made in the form containers with a removable lid, located on a platform with wheels, and at the bottom of the reaction chamber of the said body there is a zone for placing a powdery potassium permanganate reagent, a container pipeline for supplying a liquid reagent NTA is installed on the cover of the mobile device body above the removable end perforated wall of the reaction vessel and is equipped with a bump cone installed with the top in front of the outlet of the specified pipeline coaxially to the latter and with a gap relative to its edges, the sterilizing reagent vapor supply unit is a separator for removing liquid and solid residues reaction components installed on the cover of the mobile device housing, the inlets of which are located inside the mobile device housing above the removable perforated end wall of the reaction vessel, and its outlet openings are outside the mobile device housing; a removable washer with a calibrated hole is installed in the pipeline of the container for supplying a liquid reagent in front of the solenoid valve to regulate the flow rate when the liquid reagent is supplied to the reaction chamber and to control the reaction between the liquid and powder reagents. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the separator for removing residues of liquid and solid reaction components from the vapors of the sterilizing reagent is made in the form of a glass with a removable lid, inside which a horizontal baffle with an axial hole and a cylindrical sleeve are installed coaxially supported by one end in a horizontal partition, and with the other end into the cup lid to form a lower receiving, axial intermediate and outlet annular chambers, and through holes are made in the cylindrical side walls of these chambers to communicate them with each other.

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