RU200854U1 - SIGNALING NETWORK - Google Patents

Abstract

The signaling network is used in barrier devices on water bodies in order to locate breaks, holes and detect the penetration of unwanted elements - poachers, underwater saboteurs, scuba divers into a protected object, and can be used for a barrier net, fishing cages. The technical result consists in increasing the reliability of the signaling network. The signaling network is a cell made of an elastic thread and a conductive wire in insulation. The threads are made of highly shrinkable material. The high shrinkage material of the threads is selected from the group of polyamides, polyesters, polyethylene, polypropylene. The wire is stranded. Wire insulation is made of polyethylene, or Teflon, or fluoroplastic. The wire is woven into the net with knitted weaving and forms a single contour. The network has been heat shrinkable.

Description

Technology area

This utility model relates to signaling networks used in barrier devices on water bodies in order to locate breaks, holes and detect the penetration of unwanted elements - poachers, underwater saboteurs, scuba divers on a protected object - a coastal zone, fish farms, cages for growing fish. The utility model can be used both for a fencing net and for fishing cages.

State of the art

Signaling nets used in fencing or in cages must be strong to avoid gusts during installation, transport, waves and natural influences from currents and aquatic life. There is also a need for notification in cases of sudden network outages indicating the location of the outage.

The prior art presents nets aimed at solving these problems, however, they are designed to keep fish inside the fenced area and prevent the release of river / sea inhabitants when the network breaks, while the problem of network breaks when objects enter the fenced area from outside, including poachers , and reliable reporting of this remains fully unresolved.

So, in the technical solution WO03003823A1 (D1, published on January 16, 2003) a fishing net with the possibility of electronic monitoring is disclosed. The network is equipped with conductive wires integrated into the network strands. Conductive wires are located in circuits, each of which defines an area connected to an electronic device that controls a specific electrical field parameter. The wires of each circuit are located close enough to each other so that if fish leave the network, at least one wire breaks. When a hole is formed, the monitoring device detects a change in the electrical parameter and issues an appropriate alarm.

The advantage of the solution is the presence of an alarm in the event of a burst, however, the network is characterized by insufficient reliability of notification of this for the reason that the wires are sewn only between the already interwoven parallel threads to create a circuit and there are empty areas between conductive circuits through which the network can be broken without damaging the alarm ... In addition, the wire in this solution is not isolated from water, which leads to electrical leakage and cathodic protection measures. These disadvantages do not allow the use of the known signaling network for protection against penetration into the protected location.

The closest analogue to the claimed solution is WO8606465A1 (D2, published on 06.11.1986). The barrier structure is designed to block the water passage or channel from the penetration of a foreign or unfamiliar object, such as submarines, divers, and the like. The structure contains a mesh of significant tensile strength designed to stretch across the water channel. The bottom edge of the mesh is anchored to the seabed, and the mesh can be activated from a passive state, in which it can lie on the seabed, to an active barrier state. For this purpose, the upper edge of the mesh is connected to an inflatable and deflated lift hose which, when deflated, is substantially flat and which, when inflated, is capable of lifting the upper edge of the mesh towards the water surface to stretch the mesh between the seabed and the water surface.

According to the description, the barrier device is made of slings or cables provided with a core that contains double signal conductors, isolated from each other and mutually enclosed in a waterproof sheath, the core being coated with polyamide. The signal wires are connected to a signal emitter that allows a low fault current to flow through the wires, giving an alarm when a short or open circuit occurs. The diameter of the rope can be 13.5 mm. Since a cable of such a thickness cannot be tied in the usual way for nets, the vertical and horizontal cables at their points of mutual intersection are inseparably fixed using plastic elements that are installed directly at the points of intersection. Polyurethane is used as the plastic material.

The known device D2, in comparison with D1, has a significant resistance to stress and weak susceptibility to destruction, but is not elastic. This design limits the scope of the barrier device, in particular, in fisheries, and even more so in fishing cages.

D1 and D2 solutions are limited in scope, and also do not provide reliable notification of electrical parameter changes or network breaks due to the existing structure.

The task to be solved by the present utility model is to develop a signaling network for widespread use for the purpose of signaling blocking of water areas in the security zone and issuing a trigger signal to the guard post when attempting to unauthorized entry into the guarded object by underwater and surface intruders. To achieve this task, the network must meet the requirement of reliability, that is, the preservation of the properties of the product over time within the established limits characterizing the ability to perform the required functions under the given conditions of use, namely, at the same time to ensure the strength of the network to break, elasticity for the possibility, on the one hand, of the unhindered migration of aquatic organisms into blocked zone, and on the other - for reliable notification of attempts to enter the protected object or natural network break.

Disclosure of invention

When implementing the utility model, a technical result is achieved, which consists in increasing the reliability of the signaling network.

To achieve the specified technical result, the signaling network is made of an elastic thread made of a highly shrinkable material, for example, from the group of polyamides: nylon, nylon and similar in physical properties; the wire, made of insulated stranded, is woven into a knitted weave with threads to form a single weave. The wire is a single circuit of the network that transmits a signal and information about a change in an electrical parameter and / or a break point to an external electrical unit. The network is subjected to heat shrinkage, due to which it is able to stretch without being subjected to a rush for longer, and transmit a signal if the network is deliberately damaged.

Thus, the claimed technical solution with its entire set of essential features provides the above technical result.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the signaling network;

FIG. 2 shows the section of connection of the network contour segments into a single contour;

FIG. 3 shows the implementation of the network in the form of a rectangular section;

FIG. 4 shows the implementation of the network in the form of a fish cage.

Implementation of the invention

This section of the description provides more detailed information regarding the proposed utility model, as well as justifications for the possibility of achieving the above technical result.

Based on the illustrations of the technical solution: 1 - signaling network, 2 - wire, 3 - insulation, 4 - highly shrinkable elastic thread, 5 - knot of loop lines, 6 - soldering point of circuit elements, 7 - external electrical signal output unit.

The signaling network 1 is a mesh woven from an elastic thread 4 with an interwoven insulated wire 2.

The material for the threads 4 is selected from the group of polyamides (nylon, nylon), polyesters, polyethylene, polypropylene and other materials with similar physical properties. As you know, the properties of various polyamides are quite similar. They are tough materials with high tensile strength and high wear resistance, have a high softening point and withstand steam sterilization up to 140 ^° C.

Polyamides retain their elasticity at low temperatures, so that the temperature range of their use is very wide.

An absolute requirement for a thread is the ability to high heat shrinkage.

Wire 2 is used stranded, which has an advantage over single-core in strength - it does not break at bends. The preferred wire thickness is 1-4mm. The wire can be copper or it is possible to use an interlacing of copper wire with steel to enhance strength, while the steel wire is the carrier, the copper wire is conductive. Another requirement for a wire is its insulation. Depending on the operating conditions, the insulated material may differ for use in salt and fresh water. The insulating material can affect the strength characteristics of the mesh, for example, Teflon insulation is more tensile than polyethylene insulation. It is also important to note that in different insulation the same wire has different flexibility until it breaks from 5 to 10 diameters. Based on the foregoing, it is obvious for a specialist that the use of a conductive multicore insulating wire is essential for this utility model, while its specifying characteristics are determined by the purpose of the network and the location of its use.

The signaling net is made on a knitted raschel machine by knitting. Unlike D1, where the wire is sewn in, in the proposed solution the wire is woven into the network. Knitted weaving, in which loops are formed, braiding the wire, is an essential feature, since, unlike other methods - twisting, interweaving threads, knitting knots - forms the fabric using numerous loops, which provides a number of advantages. So, in the nodal mesh (as well as when twisting, interweaving threads) when forming knots, the wire will break, and the insulation will be damaged during operation, since when tightening the nodes of the nodal mesh, very great efforts are used so that the nodes do not diverge in the future. When using knitted weaving, the wire does not break at the bends and in the corners, since during weaving one wire goes in a zigzag, the second wire goes in a zigzag side by side mirror. In knitted weaving, loops are formed that braid the wire, so that the wire and thread form a single weave, which eliminates the presence of sections in the network without a wire.

In knots 5, the threads with the woven wire intersect and overlap each other, which does not allow cutting this mesh along. Also, in the event of a breach of insulation, the wire remains reliable due to the fact that it is woven into an elastic thread. Thanks to the use of loop (knitted) weaving in the proposed solution, wherever there is an attempt to cut the net, the intersection of the contours cannot be bypassed, and therefore, a reliable signal flow to the guard post will be ensured.

The shape of the net can be square, diamond, rectangular, diagonal, or otherwise. Note that to achieve the specified technical result, the shape of the network is of no fundamental importance. With regard to practical use, the diamond shape has an advantage over the square one, since when stretched, the web is gathered into a bundle, all the efforts of all threads are summed up, while in the square shape the load is on one or two threads. At the same time, the rhomboid shape requires more effort when mounting the canvas than the square one.

After weaving the fabric, the desired shape is cut out, while wires remain in the places of the cut cells. Unlike analogs, where the ends of the wires are taken out of the network, in the proposed solution, the circuits are connected at the edges. At the end, two wires, + and -, are left and lead either down the rhombus or to the corner of the square. The edges of the contours are soldered to create a single contour, sealed and trimmed along the edge. In the finished signaling network, two loop wires are obtained, which are ready for connection to the signaling unit, where an alert will be generated if the network is broken.

It is permissible to stitch several canvases, and the contours are brought out into a train from each canvas so that when a certain cloth breaks, a signal will be sent to the guard post indicating the cloth and the place of the break.

Thermal shrinkage of the mesh is another significant feature.

As mentioned above, the main requirement for threads is their heat shrinkage property. After weaving, the wire remains virtually straight, therefore, during installation, transportation, when exposed to water, waves, a gust is possible, for the reason that the thread is elastic, the wire is inelastic straight, tied at the nodes where it intersects.

To avoid bursts, the web or the finished network is subjected to thermal action, as a result of which the wire inside the network is compressed into an "accordion". This allows in the future, when working with the mesh, when the shrinkage thread is stretched, which in turn after shrinkage settles tightly around the nodes, to take the load on itself, and the zigzag accordion wire is pulled for some time until it is pulled into a straight line, after which it is collected back to the accordion. This increases the withstand load, which ensures network reliability during operation.

The time and temperature of the thermal effect on the network depends on the shrinkage properties of the thread. For a specialist it is obvious that to obtain finished cells with a size of 200 * 200 mm, it is necessary to perform cells of about 280 * 280 mm before heat treatment.

Thus, the use of highly shrinkable elastic threads; conductive stranded insulating wire; interweaving the wire by the knitted weaving method; as well as the connection of circuits at the edges of the product ensure the reliability of the signaling network.

Below are examples of the implementation of the utility model.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elastic threads 4 are made of high-shrink polyamide, the wire 2 is made of stranded, with a total diameter of 3-4 mm of copper conductive and steel carrier conductors in insulation 3 of Teflon or fluoroplastic and woven into the net 1 by knitted weaving so that it forms cells 200 * 200mm in size with a single electrical circuit, and in the nodes of cells 5, where one contour line is superimposed on another, when weaving, the cables jump from their own to the adjacent zigzag contour line, braid it and return to their contour line, fastening node 5 with weaving. The network is heat treated preferably in the following way.

After making the signal mesh 1 on the machine, the mesh sheet is passed through a bath of hot water of 95-100 degrees with the expectation that each part of the mesh is in water for about 5 minutes. It is also possible to collect the fabricated sheets in bales and lower them in batches in hot water. Under the influence of high temperature, the length of elastic threads 4 decreases by 14-18%, due to which the distance between the nodes of the cell decreases and the woven wire 2 in insulation 3, which has small bends along the length between the nodes of the cell, due to a decrease in the size of the cell due to shrinkage of the thread - becomes more tortuous (accordion effect - Fig. 2) and when the mesh is operated and under load (for example, stretching), the shrunk threads 4 take on the load, and wire 2 in insulation 3 due to the fact that it is compressed into an accordion - straightens, but not collapses. And in case of an outburst by an intentional physical impact of any point in the network, the signal from the circuit is transmitted to the external electronic unit 7 indicating the location of the gust.

In another embodiment of the invention, elastic threads 4 are made of high-shrink polyester having a shrinkage ratio of 40%, wire 2 is made of copper single-core, in polyethylene insulation 3, with a diameter of 1 mm, and is woven into the net 1 by knitted weaving so that it forms cells with a single electrical circuit , moreover, in the nodes of cells 5, where one contour line is superimposed on another, when weaving, the bobbins jump from their own to the adjacent zigzag contour line, braid it and return to their contour line, fastening the knot with weaving. The network is heat treated preferably in the following way.

After the production of the signal mesh 1 on the machine, the mesh fabric is kept in hot water or air with the expectation that each part of the mesh is in a hot environment for 20-30 minutes. Under the influence of high temperature, the length of the elastic threads 4 decreases by 40%, due to which the distance between the nodes 5 of the cell decreases and the woven wire 2 in insulation 3, which has small bends along the length between the nodes of the cell, due to a decrease in the size of the cell due to shrinkage of the thread, becomes more tortuous (accordion effect - Fig. 2) and when the mesh is operated and under load (for example, tension), the shrunk threads 4 take on the load, and the wire 2 in insulation 3 due to the fact that it is compressed into an accordion - straightens, but does not collapse ... And in case of an outburst by an intentional physical impact of any point in the network, the signal from the circuit is transmitted to the external electronic unit 7 indicating the location of the gust.

In an additional embodiment of the invention, a piece of the required size and shape - a rhombus, a square, a rectangle (Fig. 3) is cut out of the whole fabric of the net 1, made by knitted weaving. In order to preserve a single signaling circuit, the ends of the insulated braided wire, which remained free after obtaining the required shape, are soldered together in pairs (Figs. 1-2) and treated with a sealant. Subsequently, several cut out contours can be sewn together to obtain a cage (Fig. 4) for fish breeding, and the contours of each canvas are output to an external electronic unit 7, due to which, when a burst in one of the canvases, the signal from a specific wire will be sounded by an external unit with indicating the canvas and the place of the gust.

Claims (5)

1. Signaling network, which is cells made of elastic thread and conductive wire in insulation, characterized in that the wire is woven into the network by knitted weaving and forms a single circuit, and the threads are made of highly shrinkable material, while the network is subjected to heat shrinkage. 2. The signaling network according to claim 1, characterized in that the high shrinkage material of the threads is selected from the group of polyamides, polyesters, polyethylene, polypropylene. 3. The signaling network of claim 1, wherein the wire is multi-core. 4. The signaling network according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire insulation is made of polyethylene, or Teflon, or fluoroplastic. 5. The signaling network according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of a cage.

Images