RU2007141435A

RU2007141435A - METHOD FOR DRYING LANDS IN A PERENNIAL FROZEN AREA

Info

Publication number: RU2007141435A
Application number: RU2007141435/03A
Authority: RU
Inventors: Николай Васильевич Ухов (RU); Николай Васильевич Ухов
Priority date: 2007-11-07
Filing date: 2007-11-07
Publication date: 2009-05-20
Also published as: RU2380480C2

Abstract

1. Способ осушения земель в зоне многолетней мерзлоты, включающий формирование уклонов водоотводящих поверхностей (дневной и мерзлоты), превышающих таковые в исходном состоянии и отвод по ним в открытые осушительные каналы поверхностных и грунтовых вод, отличающийся тем, что в направлении от каналов нарезают сеть борозд с увеличением глубины по мере приближения к ним от минимальных в наиболее удаленной части до максимальных значений в их устьях и выстаивают осушаемую территорию для избирательного провоцирования тепловых просадок многолетнемерзлых грунтов под влиянием борозд различной глубины до создания необходимых дополнительных уклонов их дна. ! 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что нарезают сеть борозд по всей поверхности через интервалы, равные их ширине. ! 3. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что после создания необходимых уклонов дна борозд смещают кавальеры в борозды. ! 4. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что для достижения необходимого уровня осушения земель операции по предлагаемому способу повторяют. ! 5. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что смещают предварительно измельченный органический материал напочвенных покровов (кочки, мох, очес, кустарнички) от осушительных каналов и укладывают с уменьшением толщины слоя по мере приближения к ним. ! 6. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что при строительстве каналов почво-грунты кавальеров смещают от каналов с уменьшением слоя по мере приближения к ним. ! 7. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что для повышения эффективности осушения торфяников мощностью менее максимальной глубины борозд при смещении кавальеров в борозды укладывают их с переворотом. ! 8. Способ по п.1, отлич�1. A method of draining land in the permafrost zone, including the formation of slopes of the drainage surfaces (daytime and permafrost) that exceed those in the initial state and discharge through them into the open drainage channels of surface and ground waters, characterized in that a network of furrows is cut in the direction from the channels with increasing depth, as they approach them from the minimum in the most remote part to the maximum values in their mouths, the drained territory is established for the selective provocation of thermal subsidence frozen soils under the influence of furrows of various depths to create the necessary additional slopes of their bottom. ! 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a network of furrows is cut over the entire surface at intervals equal to their width. ! 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after creating the necessary slopes of the bottom of the furrows, the cavaliers are displaced into the furrows. ! 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to achieve the required level of land drainage, the operations of the proposed method are repeated. ! 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the previously shredded organic material of the ground cover (tufts, moss, tow, shrubs) is displaced from the drainage channels and laid with decreasing layer thickness as it approaches them. ! 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the construction of the canals, the soil-grounds of the cavaliers are displaced from the canals with a decrease in the layer as they approach them. ! 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to increase the efficiency of draining peat bogs with a capacity less than the maximum depth of the furrows, when cavaliers are displaced, they are laid in furrows with a coup. ! 8. The method according to claim 1, excellent

Claims

1. A method of draining land in the permafrost zone, including the formation of slopes of the drainage surfaces (daytime and permafrost) that exceed those in the initial state and discharge through them into the open drainage channels of surface and ground waters, characterized in that a network of furrows is cut in the direction from the channels with increasing depth, as they approach them from the minimum in the most remote part to the maximum values in their mouths, the drained territory is established for the selective provocation of thermal subsidence frozen soils under the influence of furrows of various depths to create the necessary additional slopes of their bottom.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a network of furrows is cut over the entire surface at intervals equal to their width.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after creating the necessary slopes of the bottom of the furrows, the cavaliers are displaced into the furrows.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to achieve the required level of land drainage, the operations of the proposed method are repeated.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the previously shredded organic material of the ground cover (tufts, moss, tow, shrubs) is displaced from the drainage channels and laid with decreasing layer thickness as it approaches them.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the construction of the canals, the soil-grounds of the cavaliers are displaced from the canals with a decrease in the layer as they approach them.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to increase the efficiency of draining peat bogs with a capacity less than the maximum depth of the furrows, when cavaliers are displaced, they are laid in furrows with a coup.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to increase the efficiency of drainage of peat bogs, with a capacity less than the maximum depth of the furrows, when shifting the cavaliers into the furrows (depending on the conditions of drainage), several or every second, or all cavaliers are laid upside down.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to prevent thermokarst subsidence of the surface after the drainage of the land, the drying of the drained territory is completed when the thickness of the seasonal thawing layer reaches at least the depth of seasonal thawing during operation and the cavaliers are displaced into furrows.