RU2005361C1 - Device for taking earthworms out of their environment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: device has belt conveyor 32 with strong cloth endless belt 34 on its drums 33. The belt is provided with ports 35 and turnable trays 36 having metal rods 37 on their ends. The rods are joined with tensioning drums 38 which are pendulum-shaped. Flexible tie 41 joins axles 39 of drum 38 with winch 40. Sponge drums 42 and 43 or brushes are located on the end line of conveyor 32 on inner and outer belt 34. On the inner surface of belt 34 drum 43 is positioned at an acute angle. Worm receptacles 44 and 45 are located under sponge drums 42 and 43. The device is provided with a time-delay relay, and it is interlocked with the drum and winch drive. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in vermiculture.

 A device for growing earthworms is known, including sealed concrete trenches equipped with a frame on which a frame with hollow perforated partitions is suspended, their upper part is made in the form of an inverted gutter, the rest is made of perforated plates. Hollow partitions are connected to a chamber equipped with a fan through drainage pipes and nozzles that are passed through a layer of water in the pool, guides are rigidly fixed on the frame, and a tubular carriage with spray nozzles is installed in them. The carriage is connected on both sides with winches and flexible pipes suspended on a cable; the carriage is in contact with microswitches interlocked with the winch drives. The frame with the help of rollers is fixed in the rails and is made with the possibility of movement in the horizontal plane and is connected to the drives from both sides. A disadvantage of the known technical solution is low productivity and high complexity.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity and reduce complexity.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with drums on which an endless ribbon of durable fabric is stretched, the device is equipped with inclined pivoting trays, reinforcers of metal rods are fixed at their ends. Hardeners on both sides are connected to tension drums made in the shape of a pendulum. The axis of the tension drum is connected to the winch by means of a flexible rod, located on the inner and outer tape on the end line of the conveyor from a sponge or brush, and on the inner surface of the belt the drum is installed at an acute angle, there are containers for collecting worms under the sponge drums, the device is equipped with a relay time and interlocked with drum and winch drives. The novelty of the claimed technical solution in comparison with the known devices is due to the fact that due to the movable flexible fabric with rotary ends, the worms are periodically collected and moved and removed from the fabric into cylindrical containers, and they are periodically moved from the container by the diaphragm for packaging and packing them in boxes - this increases productivity and reduces labor intensity.

 In the study of the claimed object in the technical, patent and scientific and technical literature not found such a combination of features that allows us to judge the novelty of the essential features.

 In FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a device; in FIG. 2 - the same, longitudinal section; in FIG. 3 - the same, top view; in FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the control of electric motors.

 On the walls 1 of the concrete trenches 2, guides 3 are installed, in them, using the rollers 4, a movable frame 5 is installed. The frame 5 is connected to the winches 6 and 7 on both sides by cables 8. The frame 5 is movable in a horizontal plane. The winch 6 is electrically equipped with a motor 9, and the winch 7 is equipped with an electric motor 10. On the frame 5 there are hooks 11 in contact with the microswitches 12 and 13. On the frame 5 the winches are pivotally mounted 14. The winches 14 are equipped with an electric motor 15. The winches 14 are connected to the frame 16 hollow vertical partitions 17 using ropes 18. Hollow partitions 17 serve as mine shapers and aerators of the nutrient medium, made in the form of a gutter equipped with perforated plates (holes 19 of perforated plates 5-20 mm). The hollow partitions 17 are connected to the drainage pipes 20 and 21. The drainage pipes 20 are connected to the upper base of the pool 22 by means of a pipe 23 and an electromagnetic valve 24 is fixed on it. The drainage pipes 20 are connected to the lower base of the pool 22 by means of a pipe 25 and a pump 26. Pump 26 equipped with an electric motor 27. In the hollow partitions 17 and the pool 22 a float chamber 28 and a level switch 29 are installed. A loader-loader 30 is installed above the trench, which loads the nutrient mixture from vehicles 31 and unloads the humus bi mass from the trench to the vehicle 31. The device is equipped with a conveyor belt 32 containing drums 33, on which an endless belt 34 of durable fabric is stretched. The tape contains windows 35 and inclined pivoting trays 36. The trays 36 are in contact with the surface of the biohumus. At the end of each tray 36, metal rods 37 are fixed. On two sides they are connected to the tension drums 38, made in the form of a pendulum. The axis 39 of the tension drum is connected to the winch 40 using a flexible rod 41. On the inner and outer tape 34 on the end line of the conveyor 32 there are drums 42 and 43 of a sponge or an elastic nylon brush. Moreover, on the inner surface of the tape 34, the drum 43 is installed at an acute angle, under the sponge drums 42 and 43 there are containers 44 and 45 for collecting worms. The drum 33 is equipped with an electric motor 46. The winch 40 is equipped with an electric motor 47. The drums 42 and 43 are equipped with electric motors 48. A hook 49 is installed on the flexible rod 41, which is in contact with the microswitch 50. The device is equipped with a timer 51, interlocked and connected to the electric motors 46. 47, 48 using an electric circuit. The trench 2 is connected to the water supply system 52 by means of an electromagnetic tap 53. A hook 54 is connected to the microswitch 55 on the shaft 37. The winch 40 is equipped with a ratchet mechanism 56. The ratchet mechanism dog 57 is connected to the solenoid rod 58. The pipe 25 contains an electromagnetic crane 60.

 The device can be performed in the second embodiment. The second option is the same as the first, differs from it in that the conveyor 32 is provided with several belts 34 located at an equal distance from each other / Fig. 3 /.

 The device operates as follows.

 In concrete sealed trenches 2, a frame 16 with hollow vertical partitions 17 is installed, the entire area of the trench 2 with the help of partitions 17 is divided into equal sections. On vehicles 31, a nutrient medium from an organic substrate is transported. With the help of loaders-reloaders 30, the nutrient medium is reloaded into trench 2, all sections are poured with it evenly, leveled. To moisturize the nutrient medium, close the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 27 and the electromagnetic valve 60. In this case, the electric motor 27 rotates the pump 26. The pump 26 moves water from the pool 22 through pipes 25, 21 through the valve 60 through the drain pipes 20 to the hollow partitions 17 through perforated plates of the partitions water seeps into the nutrient medium, is absorbed and distributed along the hollow partitions according to the principle of communicating vessels. Water is filled to the upper base of the vertical partitions 17. Then we open the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 27. The electric motor 27 stops rotating the blades of the pump 26. The water supply to the pool 22 is stopped. We open the electric circuit supplying the electromagnetic tap 60. In this case, the electromagnetic tap 60 closes. Stand for 3-5 minutes. The nutrient medium is moistened to the maximum limits. Then we close the electric circuit supplying the electric faucet 24. Water through the drainage pipes 20 through the open faucet 24 moves to the pool 22. Excess moisture from the sections flows through the perforated walls of the partitions 17 and moves to the pool 22. After the mass is moistened, it is compacted and settles in each section between partitions 17. We add 2-3 kg of adult earthworms to each section and cover with a thin layer of straw on top of the section. Worms penetrate the nutrient medium, begin to grow, develop and multiply. In the hollow partitions, the air is evenly distributed, passing through the pores in a nutrient medium creates aeration. In an oxygenated nutrient medium, earthworms grow better and develop and multiply. As the organic substrate is processed into vermicompost, we raise the frame 16. To do this, we close the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 15. The engine 15 rotates the winch 14 with a cable, the frame 16 moves to a certain height, opens the electric circuit. The electric motor 15 stops working, the ratchet mechanism 56 holds the frame 16 in a proper position. Using a loader, a reloader 30 from vehicles 31 makes a loading of the nutrient medium. The nutrient medium is loaded into a trench 2 between the partitions 17 to their upper base and again covered with a thin layer of straw. Then 10-20% of the height, the hollow partitions 17 are again filled with water. The water supply in the trench 2 is regulated so that every centimeter of the height of the water layer is filled in 0.5-1.0 minutes. To do this, close the electric circuit supplying the electromagnetic valve 53. Water from the water supply network 52 through the drainage pipes 20 moves to the bottom of the trench 2 and is evenly distributed through the communicating vessels. After filling 10-20% of the height level of the partitions, this level can withstand a certain time. A hygroscopic nutrient medium absorbs water and moves it from the lower layers to the highest level. To fill and maintain a water level of 10-20% of the height of the partitions, it is necessary to periodically close and open the electric circuit supplying the electromagnetic valve 58. After filling and saturating the nutrient medium with water, open the electric circuit supplying the electromagnetic valve 53 and close the electric circuit supplying the electromagnetic faucet 24. In this case, the faucet 24 in the pipe 23 opens. Water from the trench 2 moves through the drainage pipes 20, the pipe 23 and drains into the pool 22. Then, all technological operations are repeated.

 As soon as the biohumus layer reaches a certain level, for example 2.5-3.0 m, we close the electric circuit supplying the electromagnetic valve 53. In this case, the electromagnetic valve opens and water from the water supply / pipe / network 52 moves into the concrete trench 2 into the hollow partitions 17 , along a hollow septum formed, trench water moves and is distributed according to the principle of communicating vessels. We fill each centimeter of the height of the water level in 0.5-1.0 minutes. As the concrete trench 2 is filled, water penetrates into all cracks, biohumus pores and worms from the lower layers filled with water move to the upper layers, the worms cannot breathe in water, so they leave their habitat and move up. Above the partitions 17 and the biohumus, we install several parallel belt conveyors 32 of the same type in parallel so that the ends of the conveyor line are located outside the biohumus layer. In this case, the windows 35 must be open, the inclined pivoting trays 36 must be lowered and must rest on the humus layer. As the trench 2 is filled with water, earthworms move to the surface of the biohumus, then along the inclined surface of the trays 36 they move to the belt 34 of the conveyor 32. As the belt 34 is filled with rainworms, the time relay closes the electric circuit supplying electric motors 46, 47, 48. When this, the electric motor 47 rotates the winch 40. The winch 40 with the help of the flexible rod 41 moves the axis 39 of the drum 38. The drum 38 as a pendulum moves to the side and pulls the flexible rod 41, turns the trays 36 from an inclined position to the horizontal nal plane and closes the window 35. The winch 40 is fixed in position by the ratchet mechanism 54. This makes it possible to reduce the loss of worms during transportation. As soon as the hook 49 has moved to the proper point, it contacts the micro switch 50. The micro switch 50 closes the electric circuit supplying the electric motor 47. The electric motor 46 rotates the drum 33. The drums 33 move the endless belt 34. At the same time, the electric motors 48 rotate the reels 42 and 43. The drums 42 and 43 rotate towards the movement of the tape 34. When the sponge drums 43 and 42 rotate, all the earthworms on both sides of the driving belt 34 are swept into the container 44 and 45. When the earthworms accumulate, they are collected from akovyvayut in boxes and sent for processing to the meat meal in animal feeding or reproduction. As soon as the belt 34 moves from one end of the conveyor to the other end, the hook 54 contacts the microswitch 55. The microswitch 55 opens the electric circuit supplying the electric motors 46 and 48 and closes the electric circuit supplying the solenoid 59. At the same time, the electric motors 46 and 48 stop working. The operation of the conveyor belt 32 and the sponge drums 42 and 43 is terminated. The solenoid 59 using the rod 58 will unlock the dog 57 of the ratchet mechanism 56. Winch 40 is unlocked. From the dead weight of the metal rods 37 and the mass of fabric 36, the inclined rotary trays 36 from a horizontal position moves to an inclined one and comes into contact with vermicompost, a flexible rod 41 relaxes and moves from a horizontal position to an inclined one. As soon as the water level moves above even more worms will creep out onto the surface of the soil. The collection and separation of earthworms from the habitat must be translated at night, as the worms have a nocturnal lifestyle.

 After a certain period of time, the time relay 51 again closes the electric circuit supplying electric motors 46, 47, 48. Then, all technological operations are repeated.

 The use of the claimed technical solution in the national economy of the country will increase productivity and reduce labor intensity. (56) European Patent No. 0326069, cl. C 05 F 9/02, 1989.

Claims (1)

 A device for extracting earthworms from the habitat, containing trenches and an extraction mechanism, characterized in that the trenches are sealed concrete and have a drainage pipe system and water supply, and the extraction mechanism is made in the form of a conveyor belt, the tape of which is made of fabric and equipped with windows and inclined pivoting trays, at the ends of which metal rods are attached, connected to tension drums, which are suspended on a fixed support in the form of a pendulum, and the axis of the tension drum is connected with a winch using flexible traction, while on the inner and outer surface of the tape on the end line of the conveyor there are sponge drums or brushes with containers for collecting worms placed under them, and the drum mounted on the inner surface of the tape is located at an acute angle to the tape, in addition, the mechanism has a time relay, interlocked with drum and winch drives.