RU2000110625A - DIRECT MELTING METHOD FOR PRODUCING METAL FROM METAL OXIDES - Google Patents

Claims (10)

1. A direct melting method for producing metals from metal oxides (including partially reduced metal oxides), comprising the following steps: (a) forming a molten bath having a metal layer and a slag layer above the metal layer in a metallurgical vessel; (b) introducing the metal-containing feedstock into the metal layer through one or more channels / tuyeres and melting the metal-containing raw material to obtain the metal, preferably at least as a metal layer; (c) introducing solid carbon-containing material into the metal layer through one or more channels / tuyeres in an amount necessary for the level of carbon dissolved in the metal to be at least 3% with respect to the total weight of carbon and metal; (d) providing upward discharge of splashes, drops and jets of molten material from the melt bath metal layer, which: (i) allows intensive mixing of the metal into the melt bath slag layer in order to maintain active reduction conditions in the slag layer, leading to lower FeO levels 8% with respect to the total weight of the slag in the slag layer; and (ii) distributes them in the space above the nominally calm surface of the melt pool to form a transition zone; and (e) introducing oxygen-containing gas into the vessel through one or more channels / tuyeres for burning off the reaction gases leaving the melt pool, whereby upward discharge and then downward spraying, droplets and jets of molten material in the transition zone occur, which facilitates heat transfer to the molten bath and reduces heat loss from the tank through the side walls in contact with the transition zone.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the level of carbon dissolved in the metal is more than 4 weight. %  3. The method according to PP. 1 or 2, characterized in that the concentration of FeO in the slag of the slag layer is less than 6 weight. %  4. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that the concentration of FeO is less than 5 weight. %  5. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, including the selection of the amount of solid carbon-containing material introduced into the metal layer, so that the dusty substance captured by the exhaust gas from the tank contains at least some carbon. 6. The method according to p. 5, characterized in that the concentration of solid carbon in the exhaust gas from the tank is in the range from 5 to 90 weight. % of the weight of the pulverulent substance in the exhaust gas, which corresponds to the rate of formation of the pulverulent substance in the exhaust gas 10-50 g / normal. m ³ .  7. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, including the functioning of the process with primary afterburning levels of more than 40%.  8. The method according to p. 7, including the functioning of the process at levels of primary afterburning of more than 50%.  9. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, characterized in that stage (d) comprises introducing a metal-containing feedstock and a carbon-containing material into the carrier gas through one or more channels / tuyeres, which are located downward in the direction of the metal layer and thereby cause upward spatter, droplets and jets of molten material into the space above the nominal calm surface to form a transition zone.  10. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, characterized in that stage (d) includes the introduction of a metal-containing feedstock and carbon-containing material through one or more tuyeres in the bottom of the vessel or in the side walls of the vessel to ensure contact with the metal layer and cause upward discharge of sprays, drops and jets of molten material into the space above the nominal calm surface to form a transition zone.