RU2099150C1 - Hydraulic cyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water cleaning technique; separation of multi-component mixtures. SUBSTANCE: hydraulic cyclone includes cylindrical taper housing with tangential inlet branch pipe, sludge discharge hole and cleaned water discharge branch pipe. Housing is additionally provided with cylindrical chamber in its upper portion having outlet branch pipe which is connected with interior of housing by means of circular slot whose outer diameter is equal to 1.05-1.20 of outer diameter of cleaned water discharge branch pipe. Cone-shaped ferrule located concentrically in lower taper portion of housing forming circular clearance. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques for treating wastewater and other liquids and can be used to separate solid and liquid heterogeneous systems under the action of centrifugal forces.

Known three-product hydrocyclone for clarification of oil-containing wastewater, including a cylindrical body with a sand nozzle for supplying the initial product, drain nozzles of clarified water and oil concentrically located inside the housing, and the nozzle of clarified water is mounted on bearings and equipped with external blades and inner ribs [1]
A disadvantage of the known hydrocyclone is the low reliability due to the presence of the bearing.

Known hydrocyclone, comprising a cylindrical conical body with perforation in the lower part of the cone, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe for trapped solid particles and a cylinder conical casing, in the upper part of which, on its side surface, an outlet pipe of the purified liquid is installed [2]
The disadvantages of the known hydrocyclone are low reliability and operational efficiency due to the possibility of clogging of the perforation.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the hydrocyclone.

 This goal is achieved in that in a hydrocyclone containing a vertical cylindrical conical housing with a tangential inlet pipe, a sludge outlet and a pipe for cleaning the cleaned liquid, the cylinder conical housing further comprises a cylindrical chamber in its upper part with an outlet pipe connected to the casing volume by an annular gap with an outer diameter equal to 1.05-1.20 of the outer diameter of the outlet pipe of the purified liquid, and a cone-shaped shell located concentrically in the lower conical part and the housing with the formation of an annular gap, in addition, the outlet of the outlet pipe for cleaning the cleaned liquid is located in its upper part tangentially in the direction of rotation of the liquid, and the pipe itself contains in the center of the upper part an additional pipe for the removal of light fractions of the separated media.

 This goal is achieved in that the lower part of the conical shell is located below the sludge outlet and that the conical shell contains blades with a self-regulating angle of attack.

 In FIG. 1 shows a section along aa (FIG. 2) of a hydrocyclone; FIG. 2 is a top view of a hydrocyclone.

The hydrocyclone consists of a vertical cylindrical conical housing 1 with a tangential inlet pipe 2, a sludge outlet 3 and a pipe 4 for discharge of purified liquid. The cylindrical-conical housing 1 further comprises in its upper part a cylindrical chamber 5 with an outlet pipe 6 connected to the volume of the housing 1 by an annular gap 7. The outer diameter D of the annular gap 7 is 1.05-1.20 of the outer diameter d of the outlet 4 of the purified liquid
D 1.05 1.20 d.

 The cylindrical conical housing 1 also contains a conical shell 8 located concentrically in the lower conical part of the housing 1 with the formation of an annular gap.

 The outlet 9 of the pipe 4 of the outlet of the purified liquid is located tangentially in the upper part along the rotation of the liquid, and the pipe 4 itself contains in the center of the upper part an additional pipe 10 for the removal of light fractions of the separated media.

 The bottom of the conical part of the housing 1 is connected to the sludge receiving hopper 11. The lower part of the conical shell 8 is located below the sludge-hole 3 of the conical part of the housing 1.

 The conical shell 8 is equipped with blades 12 with a self-adjustable angle of attack (the design of the blades in the materials of this application is not disclosed, since it is not the subject of the present invention).

 The operation of the hydrocyclone is as follows. A mixture of, for example, water, sand and oil with high speed enters through a tangential inlet pipe 2 into the volume of a vertical cylindrical housing 1 and spirals downward, accelerating its rotation in the conical part of the housing 1. Under the action of centripetal forces due to different specific weights, the mixture is separated: sand, rotating with the stream, is located at the walls of the housing 1, the oil is collected along the axis of rotation of the stream, and the remaining volume is water. A concentrated mixture of sand and water when moving down passes through an annular gap between the housing 1 and the conical shell 8 and is discharged into the sludge receiving hopper 11. Oil is discharged from the hydrocyclone housing 1 through the nozzle 10, and water through the outlet 9 of the nozzle 4. The main water flow is below the conical part of the housing 1 reduces its radius of rotation and then moves up to the pipe 4 of the outlet of the purified liquid.

 The size of the annular gap between the housing 1 and the conical shell 8 is set independently using the IS blades depending on the flow rate of the water-sand mixture between the conical shell 8 and the housing 1: the gap is larger at a higher flow rate, and the gap size decreases with a decrease in the flow rate.

 The location of the bottom of the conical shell 8 below the level of the sludge outlet 3 eliminates the return of sludge into the stream of purified liquid.

 An annular gap 7 provides for the removal of air from the volume of the housing 1 into an additional cylindrical chamber 5, from where it is periodically removed through the pipe 6. The size of the gap 7 depends on the design capacity of the hydrocyclone and the specific functional purpose.

 The tangential discharge of the purified liquid through the outlet 9 provides a stable rotational movement of the purified liquid along the entire height of the pipe 4 and eliminates the re-mixing of light fractions of the mixture (oil) removed through the pipe 10 with the purified liquid (water).

 Thus, the proposed technical solutions provide, with absolute simplicity of design, reliable and highly efficient operation of the gyrocyclone in the separation of any mixtures.

Claims (3)

 1. A hydrocyclone comprising a vertical cylindrical conical body with a tangential inlet pipe, a slag outlet and a outlet for purified liquid, characterized in that the cylinder conical body further comprises a cylindrical chamber in its upper part with an outlet pipe connected to the body volume by an annular gap with an outer diameter equal to 1 05 1.20 of the outer diameter of the outlet pipe for purified liquid, and a cone-shaped shell located concentrically in the lower conical part of the housing with the image vaniem annular gap, moreover, an outlet nozzle discharge of purified liquid is arranged in the upper part tangentially along the rotation of the liquid, and the nozzle comprises at the center of the top of an additional outlet for removing the light fractions separated environments.  2. Hydrocyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the cone-shaped shell is located below the sludge outlet.  3. The hydrocyclone according to claim 2, characterized in that the cone-shaped shell contains blades with a self-regulating angle of attack.

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