RU2096551C1 - Sports ground - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction engineering. SUBSTANCE: this relates to construction of football fields, Rugby football yards, grass hockey grounds, etc. Sports ground is made up of earth base, drain system, and soil-greenery layer. Earth is graded with camber of two slopes from central longitudinal axis of ground. Drain system is made in the form of drying drains arranged in earth base and covered with draining layer. Drain system has longitudinal drying drain line located over central longitudinal axis of sports ground, lateral drying drains and annular main drain line. Lateral drying drains are inclined at angle equal to slope angle of earth base. These drains are parallel to each other and are connected by one end to longitudinal drain line, and by other end to annular main drain line. Drying drains can be filled with filter material up to level of earth base surface. Crushed stone or rubble can be used as filter material in longitudinal and lateral drains. Layer of clay can be placed to bottom of main drain line below filter material, and filter material is made up of layers of rubble, large-size crushed stone, gravel or pebble. Draining layer can be made of marble aggregate or gravel. Annular drain line can be connected with general flood sewerage and be inclined towards it. EFFECT: high efficiency. 5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the construction of sports fields with grass cover and can be used in the construction of football fields, rugby fields, field hockey and other types of sports facilities.

 Known outdoor sports ground containing a soil base, a waterproofing film and a drainage electrically conductive layer / auth. USSR N 1738886, class E 01 C 13/00, 1990 /. However, this site has a very complex structure and is unacceptable for creating grass cover on it that can withstand significant loads during the competition.

 Closest to the invention is a sports ground, including sequentially located soil base, drainage system and soil plant layer / autowork. USSR N 1717690, class E 01 C 13/00 1989 g.

 However, this site also has a complex structure, its drainage system quickly becomes clogged and malfunctions, and, as a result, the grass surface becomes unusable due to violation of soil aeration, and, therefore, a major overhaul of the field is required.

 The objective of the invention is to create a construction of a sports field, which, with its low cost and ease of implementation, provides optimal conditions for the development of grass stand lawn, quick drain rainwater, creating an elastic turf.

 The problem is solved in that in a sports ground, including sequentially located base soil, a drainage system and a soil vegetation layer, the base soil is made with a slope of two slopes from the central longitudinal axis of the site, the drainage system is made in the form of a drainage drainage system located in the base soil, covered with a drainage layer and consisting of a longitudinal drainage drain located along the central longitudinal axis of the site, transverse drainage drains and an annular main drain , The transverse drainage drains have a slope equal to the slope of the foundation soil, parallel to each other and communicate, each having one end with a longitudinal drainage drains and the other with an annular main drains.

 In addition, drainage drains are filled with filter material to the level of the soil surface of the base.

 Crushed stone or pebbles are used as filter material in longitudinal and transverse drainage drains. A layer of clay is laid under the filtering material at the bottom of the annular main drainage, and the filtering material consists of layers of buta, crushed stone and gravel or pebbles successively laid on the clay layer.

 The drainage layer may be made of marble chips or gravel.

 An annular main drain is connected to a common storm sewer and has a slope in its direction.

 In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the sports field in section. In FIG. 2 is a diagram of a drainage system.

 The sports ground consists of successively located soil 1 of the base, a drainage system made in the form of a system 2 of drainage drains located in ground 1 of the base, consisting of a longitudinal drainage drain 3 located along the central longitudinal axis 4 of the court, transverse drainage drains 5 and an annular main drainage 6 , the ground 1 of the base is made with a slope of two slopes from the central longitudinal axis 4 of the site, the transverse drainage drains 5 have a slope equal to the slope of the ground 1 of the base, parallel to each other and oobschayutsya each at one end with a longitudinal drainage drains 3 and the other with a ring main system 6. The two drains drainage ditches draining layer 7 is covered with soil and topsoil 8. bilge drains filled with filtering material 9 and the surface level of the soil foundation 1.

 Construction work on the construction of a sports ground begins with a thorough planning / profiling / soil 1 base. The layout of the ground 1 of the base consists in giving its surface uniform slopes necessary for water drains filtered through the soil vegetative layer 8 along the drainage layer 7. Ground 1 of the base must be made with a slope of two slopes from the longitudinal central axis 4 of the site. The slopes of the ground 1 of the base should be equal to 0.6% with the excess of marks along the longitudinal central axis 4 of the platform over zero marks by an amount approximately equal to 17 25 cm. The excess of 17 25 cm seems optimal, since numerous experiments with a decrease or increase in this values led to negative consequences. With a decrease in the slope, the rainwater left very slowly, the efficiency of the drainage decreased, which led to the overmoistening of the lawn. With an increase in excess to 30 cm, the field profile significantly impeded the game of football players and led to rapid fatigue of athletes.

 If the groundwater level allows, then to clear the construction site, you need to remove, for example, using a grader, five to ten centimeters of the top soil layer while at the same time giving the corresponding slopes to the ground 1 base. This will not only facilitate further accurate surface planning, but will also practically exclude in the future penetration into the soil plant layer of weeds remaining in soil 1 of the base after its profiling.

 Planned soil 1 of the base of the football field must be abundantly poured with water, and when the soil dries, roll off with a roller of up to 1.2 t weight. Laying starts as soon as the soil ceases to adhere to the ice rink, and stop when the ice rink leaves no trace. Abundant watering for shrinkage can be repeated 2 3 times. After that, they begin to build a drainage system, which begins with the device of longitudinal and transverse drainage drains 3 and 5, respectively.

 At the beginning of work, using a digging machine, align the longitudinal drainage drain 3 along the central longitudinal axis of the court with the entire length of the playing field, extending this drain beyond the goal line of the field by 4 m to one side and the other. Then the extended drain drain crosses the entire playing field and the game’s safety zone. The depth of this extended drain is 15 25 cm, the width is also 15 25 cm. No longitudinal slope is attached to the longitudinal drainage drain 3. Its depth at all points of its passage along the longitudinal axis of the field is strictly the same.

 After the device of the longitudinal drainage drain 3 is pulled out, the transverse drainage drains 5 are joined together at the longitudinal axis of the field with the longitudinal drainage drain 3. At the joints, the depth of the transverse drainage drains 5 must be exactly equal to the depth of the longitudinal drainage drain 3.

 Transverse drainage drains 5 are aligned with a uniform slope identical to the gradient of soil 1 of the base of the field, starting from a longitudinal drainage drainage to an annular drainage drain 6.

 The distance between the drains is 1–3 m. These drainage drains 5 are 15–25 cm wide and 15–25 cm deep and are connected to the annular main drain.

 During the installation of transverse drainage drains 5, the soil is removed by the bucket of the digging machine from the drains and discarded to the center of the two-meter dividing strip between drains 5. In this case, the soil extracted from the drains is planned. Soil is planned so that the soil level of the two-dimensional dividing strip in its center / i.e. at a distance of 1 m from one and the other drains / had an excess of about 5 cm above the level of the drains themselves. The slope from 5 cm to 0 should be performed as evenly and smoothly as possible. However, an excess of more than 5 cm is impractical and, if excess soil appears, then it is removed outside the construction site. After that, the bottom slopes of the transverse drainage drains 5 are leveled and planned.

 After the drainage drains 5 are ready, they are filled with crushed stone / stone crushed material with a particle size of about 50 mm / or pebbles with a particle size of about 50 mm. Drains 5 are filled with filtering material to the same level with the soil surface 1 of the base and rammed with manual metal tampers.

 Then the ring main drainage 6 with a width of 60,100 cm is digging. The ring main drainage 6 is also given a strictly uniform slope - 0.6% towards the storm sewer (not shown) with which the ring main drainage 6 is connected.

 After the annular main drain 6 is made, its bottom along the entire perimeter is covered with a layer of clay about 1 cm thick and compacted. The water resistance of clay improves the drainage quality of the annular main drainage.

 Then the annular main drain is filled with filter material. First, a construction boot with a grain size of 150,300 mm is poured to the bottom of the drain to half its depth. Coarse gravel with a fraction of 50–70 mm is placed on the quarters to one fourth of the depth of the annular drain, and gravel (about 20 mm) is covered with gravel (about 20 mm in size) on top of the gravel.

 This is done so that materials from the upper layers of the field structure do not fall into the drainage system.

 It should be noted that despite the recommendations of almost all existing standard and individual projects, it is impossible to use any kind of sand in drainage systems or drainage layers. Over time, sand, as a result of constant compaction, is strongly compacted, which leads to a deterioration in the drainage capacity of the system. In addition, sand is a natural heat accumulator and in areas with a hot climate, the presence of a large amount of sand in any part of the construction of sports fields leads to overheating of the soil plant layer 8 and adversely affects the development of grass stand.

 After the annular main drain 6 is filled with filter material, this material is rolled in a light roller or truck wheel.

 After the completion of the construction of the system 2 of drainage drains, the laying of the drainage layer 7 begins, which consists of marble chips or gravel / Fraction 5 15 mm / and must be laid evenly on the surface of the base soil with a thickness of 8 15 cm.

 A laid drainage layer is rolled along and across the field with a roller with a weight of up to 1.2 tons. After this, the soil vegetative layer is laid 8. With this arrangement of the sports field, the drainage system remains operational for many years, reliable and quick drainage of rain and melt water from the field, and a strong grass cover is maintained.

Claims (6)

 1. A sports ground, including successively located base soil, a drainage system and a soil vegetation layer, characterized in that the base soil is made with a slope of two slopes from the central longitudinal axis of the site, the drainage system is made in the form of a system of drainage drains located in the base soil, coated drainage layer and consisting of a longitudinal drainage drain located on the central longitudinal axis of the site, transverse drainage drains and an annular main drainage, Other drainage drains have a slope equal to the slope of the base soil, are parallel to each other and communicate with one end with a longitudinal drainage drain and the other with an annular main drain.  2. A platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage drains are filled with filter material to the level of the soil surface of the base.  3. The site of claims. 1 and 2, characterized in that as filter material in longitudinal and transverse drainage drains, crushed stone or pebbles are used.  4. The site of claims. 1 and 2, characterized in that under the filtering material, a clay layer is laid on the bottom of the annular main drainage, and the filtering material consists of layers of buta, crushed stone and gravel or pebbles successively laid on the clay layer.  5. The site under item 1, characterized in that the drainage layer is made of marble chips or gravel.  6. The site under item 1, characterized in that the annular main drain is connected to a common storm sewer and has a slope in its direction.

Images