RU2091538C1 - Method of treatment of drainage effluent and device for its embodiment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water control measures to have additional volumes of pure water and for amelioration of land. SUBSTANCE: the offered method includes removal of mechanical impurities, subsequent removal of salts, remaining pesticides and fertilizers. In so doing, mechanical impurities are removed directly in drain by passing drainage effluent through fibrous material, double-layer filter treated with ameliorant sorbent and granulated sapropel changing the ions composition of drainage water at flow rate of not above 15 m/day. The device for embodiment of the offered method presents a removable filter element which consists of inlet 1, outlet 2, exterior casing 3 and internal perforated cartridge 4. The latter accommodates granulated sapropel 5 wrapped in two-layer fibrous filter 6 spray-coated with sorbent. Inlet 1 accommodates filter for detaining mechanical impurities. The filter is protected with brass net on the side of drainage tube, and outlet 2 is protected with brass net 9 on the side of ameliorant sorbent. Cartridge 4 with ameliorant sorbent is housed in accumulating vessel 10 and is isolated from top of end face down to bottom of accumulating vessel 10 by impermeable partition 11. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the purification of natural waters and can be used in water conservation measures to obtain additional volumes of clean water and land reclamation.

 The purpose of the invention is to simplify the replacement of containers and cheaper materials used, as well as eliminating the need for alienation of land under the treatment surface.

 In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a circuit filter element; in FIG. 2 - end part of the removable filter element.

 The method of cleaning the drainage drain includes the mechanical retention of impurities, the subsequent removal of pesticide residues by passing the drain through the fibrous material treated with the sorbent, ion cleaning of salts, the accumulation of purified drain, moreover, ion cleaning is carried out by passing the drain through the granulated sapropel at a speed of no higher than 15 m / day moreover, the removal of runoff contaminants is carried out directly in the drain.

 The method is carried out using a removable device containing an inlet pipe 1, an outlet pipe 2, an outer casing 3 and an inner, perforated cartridge 4. A granular sapropel 5 is laid in the inner cartridge 4, wrapped in a two-layer fiber filter 6 with sorbent spraying. In the inlet pipe 1 there is a filter 7 for removing mechanical impurities, the device is installed on each drain, which allows you to selectively solve the issue of cleaning, depending on the initial quality of the drainage water.

 The filter 7 for removing mechanical impurities is protected by a brass grid 8 from the side of the drainage pipe, and the outlet pipe 2 is protected by a brass grid 9 from the side of the sorbent ameliorant.

 The cartridge 4 with a sorbent ameliorant is placed in the storage tank 10 and is isolated from the top of the end part to the bottom of the storage tank 10 by an impenetrable partition 11. An impenetrable partition 11 is necessary to ensure the most complete contact of the cleaned drainage water with granular sapropel 5 with a two-layer fiber filter 6 with sorbent spraying and providing necessary contact time.

 The method is as follows.

 The drainage drain is first cleaned of mechanical impurities. The filter 7 for mechanical removal of solid particles consists of a packet of successive filtering fibrous materials: first, a material with an average pore size> 0.5 mm is laid, then a layer of material with an average pore size of 0.3-0.5 mm, then a material with a pore size 0.02-0.3, and the latter material should have an average pore size of at least 0.1-0.15 mm. Filter thickness not less than 2-5 mm.

 Purified from mechanical impurities, the drainage flow enters a two-layer filter 6 treated with a sorbent. This filter for adsorption of pesticides is a packet of a two-layer fibrous filter Fislon, treated on a thin layer with an organomineral sorbent. Processing is carried out by dry spraying.

 When water passes through filter 6, mechanical adsorption of pesticides and physical and mechanical absorption and exchange of ions on the surface of colloidal particles for an equivalent amount of solution ions occur.

 The water purified by the filter 6 enters the next filter, which is a granular sapropel 5, pre-treated with lime.

 The granular mixture of sapropel is placed in a special cartridge 4, which is wrapped in a two-layer fiber filter 6 in one layer in order to prevent the removal of particles of sapropel with drainage water.

 Filtration through granulated sapropel 5, treated with lime, with a flow rate of drainage flow of at least 15 m / day, provides chemical sorption, which leads to partial demineralization and correction of the ionic composition of the purified water.

 The device operates as follows. A filter element is mounted on the mouth of each drain exiting the open collector or on the mouth of the collector collecting water from several drains by inserting it into the drain pipe by the inlet pipe 1. Water from the drain pipe passes through the fiber filter bag 7 and is cleaned of mechanical impurities . Then, the effluent thus purified falls into cartridge 4 with granular sapropel 5, where chemical sorption, partial demineralization, and correction of the ionic composition of the purified water occur. Sorption occurs in the first 2-3 minutes, so the thickness of the layer of granules of 20-30 cm provides the necessary contact time for cleaning the drain. Then, through a two-layer filter treated with sorbent ameliorant 6, where the drain is additionally freed by mechanical adsorption from pesticides, and by physical-mechanical and metabolic processes from heavy metals.

 The cartridge 4 with granular sapropel 5 in the end part is closed by an impenetrable partition 11 from the upper part of the cartridge 4 to the bottom of the storage tank 10. The water passing through the cartridge 4 is collected in the storage tank 10 and drains through its upper part (above the partition 11). This allows you to increase the contact time of the purified water with sapropel and improves its purification.

 The filter elements are made removable, and they are easily replaced as they run out or the composition of the drain changes. You can replace both individual parts of the filter element (for example, only filters with an increase in the content of mechanical particles in the drain), or the entire element, putting a new one and fixing it with a sleeve.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of cleaning a drainage drain, including the mechanical retention of impurities, the subsequent removal of pesticide residues by passing the drain through a fibrous material treated with a sorbent, ion cleaning of salts and accumulation of purified drain, characterized in that the ion cleaning is carried out by passing a drain drain through granular sapropel with at a speed not exceeding 15 m / day, and the removal of runoff pollutants is carried out directly in the drain.  2. A device for cleaning a drainage drain, including a sequentially arranged filter for mechanical removal of impurities, a fiber filter for removing residual pesticides and a filter for ionic cleaning of drain from salts, placed in a housing, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a rigid perforated cartridge fixed in the mouth of the drain and placed in a storage tank equipped with an end impenetrable wall having a height from the bottom of the container to the upper part of the cartridge, while the filter for mechanical cleaning is located n at the entrance to the cartridge, a fibrous filter in the form of a two-layer shell is laid on its surface, and the cavity of the cartridge is filled with granular sapropel.

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