RU2091040C1 - Line for preparing feed from fibrous raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: preparing of feed from fibrous raw material, such as straw, wood cuttings or wood saw dust. SUBSTANCE: feed preparing line has grinder 1, raw material processing apparatus 2, disperser 3 connected through multichannel valve 4 with circulation vessels 5 defining closed circuit for cyclic treatment of raw material or preparing multicomponent mixtures. Prepared mass is delivered into separator 6 to be separated into liquid phase and solid phase. Liquid phase is supplied to collecting vessel, from which it may be withdrawn for further processing or for other purpose, for instance, for preparing feed. Solid phase may be used as feed, or may be used to prepare mixtures from different components by means of grinder 7 for preparing pelleted feeds by means of pelletizer 8 or drier 9 for preparing feed flour. EFFECT: increased efficiency, wider operational capabilities and enhanced reliability in operation. 3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to feed production, in particular, to installations for the preparation of feed.

A device for producing vitamin flour from wood greens, including a bath, storage hopper, feeder, dryer, cyclone and piping system [1]
The device allows you to get only flour from coarse plant materials and condensation products.

The closest technical solution to the claimed is a mechanized production line for the preparation of feed mixtures, including an aggregate for the preparation of mixtures, a steamer, a chopper of roughage with dispensers and distributors of enzyme preparations [2]
The well-known line allows you to get, saturated with yeast components, enzymes, haylage and straw, monogranules and enriched mixtures of root crops. Straw processing is carried out in an isothermal way. The line is complex in structure, although it allows you to get saturated feed mixtures and granules.

A device for grinding materials with a liquid [3]
The invention consists in the following.

 The line for the preparation of feed from coarse vegetable raw materials is additionally equipped with a closed system of cyclic processing of raw materials, including a dispersant with circulation tanks, installed between the processing device and the phase separator and the piping system connected to them.

 Circulation tanks with a dispersant are connected through a multi-position valve system, and the number of tanks must be at least two.

 The piping system that combines the circulation tanks is additionally equipped with a pump connected to the separator.

 Figure 1 shows a diagram of a line for the preparation of feed from coarse vegetable raw materials, figure 2 and 3 of the processing circuit of raw materials in a closed cycle, in fig. 4 is a variant of the line for the preparation of finely divided suspension (separate phases), in Fig. 5 is a variant of the line for the preparation of various fractions of feed mixtures, in Fig. 6 is a variant of the line for the preparation of feed flour.

 The line for preparation of feed from coarse vegetable raw materials contains a chopper 1 connected by a conveyor to a device 2 for processing raw materials (humidification), a dispersant 3 connected through a multi-position valve system 4 with tanks 5. A tank 5 through a pump 6 is connected to a device 7 for separating the prepared mass in phases, the tank 8 is connected by piping systems to a device 7, a mixer 9 for preparing feed mixers, and a dryer 10 to produce feed flour. The dispensers 11 are connected to a mixer 9, a dryer 10 and a granulator 12. The dryer is equipped with a catcher 13, which in turn is connected to a container 8.

 The line for the preparation of feed from coarse plant materials is as follows.

 A batch of coarse plant material (straw, lumbering and sawmill waste) is fed to the chopper 1, from where the crushed mass enters the device 2 for processing raw materials (wetting, preliminary hydrolysis or delignification). From the device 2, the moistened mass of raw materials enters the tank 5 (in the case of supplying dry raw materials to the tank 5, water is supplied in the amount necessary for processing in accordance with the performance of the dispersant). When you turn on the dispersant 3, the valve system connects it to one of the circulation tanks, which contains the raw materials for processing and the required amount of water (figure 2), and the mass is processed in a closed cycle: dispersant 3 capacity 5 dispersant 3 (through the valve system 4) . After the treatment cycle, the valve system 4 switches the dispersant 3 to another tank 5 filled with raw materials and water (Fig. 3), and the treated mass from the first tank 5 is pumped by pump 6 into a separator 7, where it is separated into liquid and solid phases, which can be immediately used in the livestock complex (figure 4) in separate or undivided condition.

The separated phases after the separator 7 are sent:
liquid into an additional tank 8 for the liquid phase, from which it can be used for multiple processing of raw materials, and the tank as a recuperator for heating water of the second circuit for the needs of the complex;
solid, depending on the technological scheme or the final product. To prepare feed mixtures, the solid phase is fed to a mixer 9, where it is mixed with various additives supplied from the dispensers 11 (Fig. 5).

 In the preparation of granular feed, the solid phase enters the dryer 10, after drying, into the mixer 9, where the dried feed flour is mixed with additives from the dispensers 11 and enters the granulator 12 and then to the warehouse or packaging.

 In the preparation of feed flour, the solid phase enters the dryer 10 (Fig. 6), after drying in a warehouse or packaging. When drying, the vapor enters the trap 13, condenses and is fed into the tank 8.

 The liquid phase from the tank 8 is fed to the circulation tank 5 or to the device 2 for humidification, as well as, depending on the technological scheme, for drinking by animals or preparing food in feed tanks.

 The proposed line for processing coarse vegetable raw materials into fodder allows the preparation of feeds of high nutrition and digestibility according to a simplified scheme without the use of heat carriers in the form of steam (heat treatment of the mass occurs in the dispersant due to the conversion of mechanical energy into heat), exclude various types of mills for grinding feed and additives, this role is played by the dispersant at the time of feed processing, to select products at any stage of the technological process (depending on the purpose feed), to conduct processing different types of agricultural production and its waste, implement waste-free environmentally friendly technologies.

 The analysis confirms that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

 The inclusion in the line of a dispersant as an integrated device for grinding, mixing various compositions and preparing mixtures of different consistencies and compositions of the components meets the criterion of "novelty."

The line for processing coarse plant materials into fodder has the following advantages compared to the known ones:
Allows for the preparation of feed additives, feed mixtures and complex feeds in a single process stream using a single processing technology with an increase in their biological activity due to processing in a dispersant when finer crushing of fiber particles of plant material occurs, thereby improving the quality of their processing under the action of processes in a dispersant during water treatment (degassing, ionization, etc.);
reduce the processing time of raw materials;
reduce the cost of final products due to the integrated use of all technological equipment in various technological schemes for obtaining the final product;
prepare feed mixtures, the preparation of which requires heating and processing up to 100 ^o C;
due to recovery, use heat for the technological purposes of the complex or workshop.

Sources of information
1. Auto USSR N 882512, class A 23 K 1/14, 1981.

 2. Auto USSR N 1130312, class A 23 K 1/12, 1984.

 3. Information leaflet of the NGO Dispersator, Yekaterinburg, 1993.

Claims (3)

 1. Line for the preparation of feed from coarse plant materials, including a chopper, a processing device, a phase divider, mixers, dispensers, hoppers for collecting the final product, connected by a piping system, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a closed system of cyclic processing of raw materials, including a dispersant with circulation tanks installed between the processing device and the phase separator and the piping system connected to them.  2. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that the circulation tanks with a dispersant are connected through a multi-position valve system, and the number of tanks must be at least two.  3. The line in paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the piping system, combining the circulation tank, is additionally equipped with a pump associated with a phase divider.

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