RU2088434C1 - Method of mounting and dismounting of electrified railway contact system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrified railways; mounting and dismounting of contact system at preset working tension of carrier cable and contact wire in zones of conjugation of anchor sections or branches at maintenance and repair operations. SUBSTANCE: proposed method comes to unwinding at mounting and winding on at dismounting of carrier cable and/or contact wire with required longitudinal force through support and guide members arranged on movable base which are held in required position at approach to placed of intersection with neighboring anchor section. Carrier cable behind the zone of intersection is connected with device to create back-up tension, and force from its support and guide members is transferred to this device, after which place of intersection is placed and force is returned to support-and-guide members. Crossings are passed by disconnecting the wire or cable, transfer of ends by means of return cable and subsequent restoration of connection. Back-up tensioning is provided by connecting the wire or cable through movable base, either with mounting car coupled with base, or with lifting mounting platform on car roof, or with pulling mechanism arranged on car or platform. EFFECT: facilitated mounting and dismounting of contact system. 10 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques and methods (methods) for mounting or dismounting a contact suspension of electrified railways under a given working tension of a support cable (NT) and contact wire (KP) of the contact network in the interface zones of the anchor sections and / or branches, mainly during repair restorative and preventive in nature.

 There is a method of mounting NT and gearbox in their anchoring zone, including connecting to a block of temperature fluctuator compensator of temperature fluctuations of the length of one end of the chain hoist pre-mounted on the anchor support, installing on the anchored NT or gearbox (leaving a free end sufficient in length for subsequent connection with the compensator block) tension clamp and connecting it to the second end of the chain hoist, attaching the leading end of the chain hoist to the platform towed by a truck (Markov A.S. Installation of a contact network of railways. M. V High School, 1985, p. 153). Then, when moving the platform-car tire coupler, the NT (KP) is drawn (tensioned) until the compensator block weights to the required height, the platform is braked, the coupler is disconnected and the car is moved to the pulley block, the compensator block is connected to the towing tower with a retracted NT (KP), unloading the chain hoist by disengaging and feeding the platform in its direction and, finally, the dismantling (removal) of the chain hoist using the tow truck.

 In a similar method of mounting the mates of the anchor sections, they still inset a string of insulators (Markov A.S. Contact networks. M. Vysshaya Shkola, 1991, p. 185). To do this, tension clamps are installed on both sides of the insertion point on the NT (KP), a manual winch is attached to them, by means of which tension is removed in the area between the said clamps. Next, the NT (KP) is cut, the ends are connected to a string of insulators, after which they unload and remove the winch.

 This method of mounting (disassembling) a contact suspension in the interface zone of its anchor sections is very time consuming and poorly compatible with progressive high-performance methods of mounting (disassembling) a contact lead, known, for example, from the USSR author's certificate N 1342770 (В 60 М 1/28, 1985) and European patent N 0416136 (60 M 1/28, 1988).

 In the method according to the certificate of authorship N 1342770, the rolling, working tension and the necessary fastening of the NT and KP with consoles and between themselves are carried out sequentially on discrete sections of the path equal to part of the anchored section (the length of the latter is about 1600 m).

 When implementing this method using the device according to the certificate of authorship N 1614969 (60 M 1/28, 1988), two practically unified undocked parts of the rolling-out assembly train are involved, each of which contains a traction means (motor track) with a lifting mounting platform (tower) and a rolling platform with drive drums for NT and KP, height-adjustable support-guide devices in the form of horizontal beams (according to the number of NT and KP) with guide rollers, with weights ensuring the working tension of NT and gearboxes, with grips for connecting these loads to NT and gearboxes and with position and state control winches (closed-open) of grippers and loads relative to the guide beams.

 According to this method, the leading part of the train rolls the NT and KP along the length of two inter-support sections of the track, winches along the guides retracts the grips connected to the cable with the loads, the fixed grips on the NT and KP and, after unloading the winches, provides the working tension of the NT and KP with the weight of the goods (selectable slack equal to the length of the guides).

 The second part of the train (the drums with NT and KP are not involved on it, the gripping mechanisms along the guides are blocked) after pulling the NT and KP the first part passes with open grips for one span (40-70 m) in the direction to the first part of the train, setting with assembly towers After stopping the carriage at the next support, the grips are closed, and thereby the platform of the second part of the train takes over the working tension of the NT and KP of the mounted part of the contact network.

 After the second part of the train takes the NT and KP tension on itself, the first part of the train pulls its grips back along the guides with its winches, thereby opening them (gives tension to the second part) and rolling NT and KP on the next leg between the legs.

 The closest analogue of the invention is a method of mounting and dismounting the contact suspension of electrified railways, mainly in the mating zone of the anchor sections or junction, in which the carrier cable and / or contact wire with the required longitudinal force is unwound during installation through a support located on a movable base - guiding elements held in position by height and lateral displacement (European patent N 0416136, 60 M 1/28, 1988).

 Providing lateral displacement of the NT and KP is carried out either in the process of continuous movement of the train, or during periodic stops of the train during the passage of supporting and guiding elements of each support.

 According to this method, rolling, tension, the required position of the NT and KP are provided from the towing means (self-propelled platform), and the installation of connecting strings from the lifting mounting platform (trolley), moving along the roof rails constantly connected to the towing means of the mounting freight car (s).

 The rail vehicle (train) involved in the implementation of this installation method with acceptable efficiency also allows the reverse process of dismantling the worn contact network (in this case, the train moves backwards, that is, the lifting mounting platform forward).

 The main disadvantage of this very effective and progressive method is that it is applicable without any significant restrictions throughout the entire anchor section, including the interface zones of the anchor sections, only when installing newly created contact networks. When replacing old (worn) NTs and KPs, and even within the anchor section alone, it is problematic to ensure both rolling out and the required required tension of NTs and KPs when installation is completed instead of old new NTs and KPs in the area of their interface with NTs and KPs of the adjacent anchor section, because according to the scheme of simple (two-span) and elastic (three-span) conjugation (Gorshkov Yu.I. Bondarev N.A. Contact network. M. Transport, 1990, p. 89) the final parts of the NT and KP of adjacent anchor sections, leaving for anchoring, cross each other and in the horizon total, and in vertical planes.

 So, in the direction from top to bottom in this zone are the NTs of one (first) anchor section, NTs of the other, KP of one, KP of the other. In addition, the strings of the neighboring anchor section interfere.

 No less problem and for the same reasons is the provision, using the same technical means, and dismantling of old (worn) NT and KP in the area from the anchor support up to the point of intersection (crossing) with the NT and KP of the neighboring anchor section that are still unmounted.

 The technical result to which the invention is directed is to extend the applicability of the well-known progressive prototype method in the case of repair and restoration work on the contact network (dismantling old and subsequent installation of new NT, KP and other suspension elements), including adjacent mating zones anchor sections, and while ensuring that meets the prototype method of manufacturability and productivity.

 The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of mounting or dismounting the contact suspension of electrified railways, mainly in the mating zone of the anchor sections or branches, in which the carrier cable (NT) and / or contact wire (KP) are unwound during assembly or dismantled during dismantling, with the required longitudinal force through located in the required position in height and lateral displacement, when mounting or dismounting at the intersection with the bearing cable and / or contact wire of the adjacent anchor or branch After the section being unwound or rewound, the supporting cable and / or contact wire behind the intersection zone from the opposite location of the supporting-guide elements of the side are connected to the means of creating a duplicate tension, the longitudinal tension force from the supporting-guide elements is transferred to the indicated means, the intersection point, the longitudinal tension force are passed return to the supporting-guide elements and disconnect the supporting cable and / or contact wire from the means of creating a duplicate tension.

 In one embodiment, penetration (creation or elimination) of intersection (crossing) is carried out by securing (for example, using tension clamps) the ends of the correspondingly missed segment of the bypass flexible element (cable) to the mounted or dismounted NT and / or KP on different sides of the place intersection (branching) and subsequent separation (cutting, for example) of a mounted or dismantled NT and / or gearbox in the intersection (branching) zone.

 The bypass cable in this case can be left on the NT and KP both during their installation and dismantling, since, as a rule, it is located on a site that does not interact with the current collectors of the rolling stock. Otherwise, when mounting on the contact wire, the bypass cable after transferring is replaced by a special commercially available connector of the ends of the gearbox.

 In another embodiment, the intersection is carried out by disconnecting the previously weakened (sagging NT and / or KP, transferring the ends for the intersection and subsequent restoration of the connection (by removable connectors or by welding).

 Alternative (duplicate) tension, that is, the translation of the tension force from the support-guide elements to ease the tension in the intersection zone, in one embodiment, is carried out by detachable fastening of the NT and / or gearbox with a movable base that is the carrier of the support-guide elements, or with constantly (during operation) of an additional means movable on rails coupled to it (for example, an assembly car, an electric rail), while at least one of the coupling elements is inhibited.

 In another close embodiment, an alternative (duplicate) tension is carried out by means of (using) a lifting mounting installation that is moved along the mounting on a movable base to a lifting mounting platform (trolley, cab, cradle) connected to the moving base and / or additional movable means constantly connected to it , including with the possibility of moving this site relative to its carrier in the direction of the ongoing installation / dismantling. In the latter case, the said platform is equipped with displacement drives both in height and in horizontal.

 The main advantage of the latter option is that electricians are located as close and convenient as possible to the place of work, including the optimum location for the tension interception (duplication), by means of a lifting (and in a variant moving horizontally) platform, which significantly increases productivity. In addition, the presence of its own drive of horizontal displacements of the platform allows its movements to quickly adjust the tension force of the NT and KP (after releasing them to this site) and compensate for the weakening of the NT and KP from technological and structural gaps and backlashes in places of moving (articulated) joints of the coupling elements and assembly site.

 In a more preferred embodiment, in order not to limit the mobility of the multi-profile mounting platform while providing it with alternative tension, the said tension is provided by a tensioning mechanism, for example, in the form of a winch, with its own drive and, as a rule, a tension sensor, guaranteeing regardless of speed and direction moving the mounting pad, the required holding force (tension) of the NT and / or KP.

In one embodiment, more technologically advanced, the said tensioning mechanism is mounted on the mounting platform itself (trolley, cabin, etc.), and in another
on a movable basis (carrier of supporting-guiding elements) or on an additional movable means coupled to it. In the second case, the mounting platform is lifted to the stop of any of its power (bearing) structural element (s) (mainly supporting-guide roller, roller, block, etc.) into stretched (held) NT and / or gearbox or flexible element (cable) their connection with the pulling mechanism.

 The next feature of the proposed method is that in order to maintain the value of the alternative (duplicated) tension of the NT and / or KP within the required limits, regardless of the direction and speed of movement of the repair train (movable base) and the mounting platform relative to the movable base, which is essential to increase performance during repair and restoration and preventive maintenance on the contact network, drive movements of the movable base and / or lifting mounting platform and / or tension mechanism while providing alternative (duplicate) tension, the tension forces of the NT and / or KP interact with the sensors.

 A common feature for all of the options described above is that, taking into account the arrangement of the mechanisms involved (drums, guiding elements, mounting pads, etc.) and the desirability of reducing the number of joints on the gearbox, affecting its elasticity and wear resistance, dismantling and subsequent installation contact suspension when replacing it or initial installation, carried out within the same anchor section, start from the end of the anchor section, where its CP in the crossing zone passes below the CP with neighboring anchor section.

 The essence of the invention is illustrated by a diagram (top view) of elastic (three-span) coupling of the anchor sections (Fig. 1, on which the NT is not shown) and a side view of the repair train at the time of passage of the crossing zone in the options for duplicating tension by “fastening” the NT (KP) to structural elements of the mounting trolley (Fig. 2) and by means of a tensioning mechanism with the use of a lifting movable mounting site as an intermediate support (Fig. 3).

 According to figure 1 on anchor 1,2 and transitional 3 and 4 supports by means of fastening elements (brackets, latches, etc.) 5 mounted KP 6 of one anchor section and KP 7 of another. To reduce the uneven wear of the current collectors of the rolling stock of the gearbox relative to the longitudinal axis 8, the paths are mounted in a zigzag fashion, and their ends 9, 10 (shown thinner than the rest) that are not involved in the current collection, extend upward (200-500 mm) to the side and through compensators 11 of temperature fluctuations of length fixed on anchor supports 1 and 2, respectively.

 In zones 12 and 13, lying on opposite sides of the crossing point 14 of the CP of both anchor sections, a bypass cable is connected (if used).

 Mounting (dismounting) in the illustrated example is carried out in the direction of arrow 15, and connecting means to create a backup tension is carried out in zone 16 during installation and in zone 17 during dismantling.

 According to FIG. 2, the repair train contains a hitch made of a self-propelled movable base 18 and two assembly cars (with compartments and rooms for goods and accommodation for maintenance personnel) 19.

 On the basis of 18, drive drums 20 s / for NT 21 and 22 s / for KP, supporting-guide elements (blocks) 23 (for NT) and 24 (for KP) with separate drives 25 of holding them in the required height and lateral position are installed bias and lift 26 with a cradle.

 On the roof of the wagons, lifting mounting platforms (trolleys) 27 are installed, having lifting and displacement drives 28 along the wagon, rollers (rollers) 29, 30 for supporting the NT and gearbox, respectively, grippers 31 for fastening the NT and KP with the cart for the duration of tension duplication, in which the NT and KP in the interval between the reels 20, 22 (supporting-guide blocks 23,24 and the place of tension interception sag. Grips 31 can be borrowed from the device according to autoswitch. N 1614969.

 According to figure 3 on the mounted (dismantled) NT 21 (and / or KP) is fixed tension clamp 32, from which through a support roller (block) 29, located on a strong supporting element of the trolley 27, to the drive winch (pulling mechanism) 33 installed on the edge of the roof of the car 29, there is a flexible communication element (cable) 34. The bypass cable 35 in the intersection zone 14 of the mounted NT 21 with the NT 36 of the adjacent anchor section (its end is fixed to the support 1) covers the NT 36 and the tension clamps 37, 38 are fixed to mounted NT 21, cut in place 39 for laying under NT 36 in Azora between the connecting strings 40 and 41, by which to suspend HT KP.

 The work is considered first by the example of the dismantling of the damaged KP 7 on only one anchor section of the existing electrified railway.

 The repair train, moving in the direction of arrow 15 by the car 19, is stopped by the elevator cabin 26 at the support 2, and by means of this elevator, the compensator 11 for the temperature extensions is blocked. The grippers 31 fasten the gearbox 7 with the construction of the mounting lifting trolley 27 (for example, with a guard), which, moving along the roof of the carriage or together with the carriage (train) against arrow 15, does not take tension of the gearbox. The sagging end 10 of KP 7 after removing the strings 40 and 41 (see Fig. 3) is disconnected from the compensating unit 11, stored in a drum (feed mechanism) 22, and the tension is transferred to the mechanisms 22, 24, 25.

 Further, the grip 31 is opened, and nothing more prevents the dismantling of the gearbox (removing the strings, disconnecting from the clamps, from the middle anchoring, winding onto the drum 22, etc.) up to the crossing point 14 in the interface zone with another anchor section of the other (left) the end of KP 7, passing similarly to the left end 9 of KP 6 in figure 1. Further reeling of KP 7 is prevented by abutment of block 24 at the crossing end of the KP of an adjacent anchor section, going slightly lower (about 200 mm).

 To pass this crossing, the tension of the gearbox is transferred to the lifting mounting trolley 27 either by fastening the gearbox with it in zone 17, or by connecting to this zone by means of the tension clamp 32 of the cable 34 of the pulling winch 33 located on the carrier car of the truck (see figure 3) or on the trolley itself. After the tension is loosened, the contact wire above the crossing is cut, the ends are transferred under the gearbox of the adjacent anchor section, the remaining end, freed from the strings and the compensator block 11, is spliced and finished up on the drum 22.

 To eliminate the crosses during dismantling, it is advisable to use a bypass cable 35, since during the dismantling process, a pulling force of at least an order of magnitude less than the value required during installation and subsequent operation of the contact network is required, and therefore the connection of this cable at points 37 (13), 38 (14) and cutting in zone 39 (see Fig. 3) of the reeled-in gearbox or NT is possible without relieving tension, which saves time.

 If, according to the proposed installation and repair work, NT 21 is also dismantled simultaneously with the control gear (see Fig. 3), then another crossing (dismantled NT 21 with NT 36 of the neighboring anchor section) that needs to be overcome (appears) is shown, as illustrated in FIG. 1 of the diagram located in the anchoring zone not of the left one as in the CP, but of the right end, in the interface zone with the right anchor section in FIG.

 The main differences during installation, for example, of a new gearbox instead of a previously worn out one, are that in this case, the repair train does not move in the direction of arrow 15 forward by car 19, but by the movable base 18 and that duplicate tension is applied in zone 16, and not in zone 17, since, according to the general rule for mounting and dismounting, the sequence must be observed: the supporting-guide elements 23,24 the place of crossing the zone of application of the force of the backup tension.

 If simultaneously with the gearbox the NTs begin to roll out (position 21 in FIG. 3), then in the interface zone it should be skipped in the “window” between the vertical strings 40, 41 under the NT 36 of the adjacent (right) anchor section, that is, it should be created crossover. It is created using the same technology as in the process of dismantling, in particular, with the transfer of tension from the elements 20, 23, 25 to one of the following means: hoist 26, wagons 19, lifting mounting platforms (trolleys) 27, tension mechanism 33. At the other left end of the NT 21 reconstructed anchor section goes to anchoring above the NT left anchor section and therefore the latter does not interfere with the automated rolling with the force specified by the tension sensor. Such sensors are included in the control circuit of the drives providing both the main operational tension, that is, in the drive movements of the train (base 18), mechanisms 20, 22-25, and backup, in the drive movements of the lift 26, trucks 27, trains, mechanism 33.

 During the initial installation of the contact network, in which the contact network is already ready on the one hand and completely absent on the other side, carried out in direction 15 (Fig. 1), only one crossing is required (creation): the right end of the mounted NT with the left end of the NT mounted anchor section.

Claims (10)

 1. The method of installation or dismantling of the contact suspension of electrified railways mainly in the interface zone of the anchor sections or branches, in which the carrier cable and / or contact drive with the required longitudinal force are uncoiled during installation or rewind during removal through the supporting guide elements located on a movable base, held in the required position by height and lateral displacement, characterized in that when mounting or dismounting at the intersection with the carrier cable and / or contact wire with of a single anchor or branch section, the unwound or rewound bearing cable and / or contact wire behind the intersection zone from the opposite location of the support-guide elements of the side are connected to the means of creating a duplicate tension, the longitudinal tension force from the support-guide elements is transferred to the specified tool, pass the intersection, the longitudinal tension force is returned to the supporting-guide elements and the supporting cable and / or contact wire is disconnected from the duplicating means guide tension.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when passing the intersection, fix the ends of the bypass cable segment and the mounted or dismountable carrier cable and / or contact drive on different sides of the intersection with the coverage of the crossed carrier cable or contact wire, and then disconnected mounted or dismounted support cable and / or contact wire at the intersection.  3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when passing the intersection, the tension of the mounted or dismountable carrier cable and / or contact wire in the intersection zone is relaxed, the cable and / or wire are disconnected at the intersection, after which the formed ends are thrown through the corresponding intersecting carrier cable and / or contact wire and restore the connection.  4. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1 to 3, characterized in that the tension is duplicated by means of a movable base on which auxiliary supporting-guide elements are mounted, or additional movable means constantly connected to the base, while at least one of the coupling elements is braked.  5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the tension is duplicated by means of a lifting mounting installation associated with a movable base, or permanently linked to the base of an additional movable means.  6. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the tension is duplicated by means of a lifting mounting installation, moved along the mounting or dismounting direction on a movable base or on an additional movable means coupled to the base.  7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the tension is duplicated from the lifting mounting platform by means of a tensioning mechanism, mainly a winch.  8. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the tension is duplicated from a movable base or additional movable means coupled to the base by means of a tensioning mechanism, mainly a winch, while the mounting pad is pressed against the stop by a power unit into the carrier cable and / or contact wire or in a flexible element of their connection with the tensioning mechanism.  9. The method according to any one of paragraphs.4 to 8, characterized in that the actuators moving the movable base, and / or lifting mounting platform, and / or the tension mechanism when duplicating the tension is controlled by signals from the sensors of the tension of the load bearing cable and / or contact wire.  10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the dismantling and subsequent installation of the contact suspension when replacing it or the initial installation, carried out within the anchor section, starts from its end, on which the contact wire in the zone of intersection with another contact wire located below the last.

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