RU2088065C1 - Method for underseeding of clover on mountain hay meadows and pastures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves disking sod; applying herbicides and fertilizers; underseeding grass seeds, in particular, two kinds of cow and similar clovers. Early maturity cow clover is sown with row spacings of 85-90 cm and similar clover is underseeded in spacings. EFFECT: increased efficiency and simplified method. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to meadow cultivation, and can be used for the surface improvement of natural hayfields and pastures.

 There is a method of replanting clover in a mixture with other perennial herbs, including disking turf, fertilizing, sowing (Tuldyukov V.A. Theory and practice of meadow farming M. 1988, pp. 101-102).

 The disadvantage of this method is that meadow clover, as a high-protein crop, quickly falls out of the grass stand (after 3–4 g) and thereby the quality of the fodder mass decreases. In addition, sections of mountain pastures are exposed, and water and wind erosion are increasing at the site of the fallen plants.

 The closest technical solution is the method of sowing clover on mountain hayfields and pastures, including disking turf, applying herbicides and fertilizers, sowing a mixture of different types of clover: meadow, pink (hybrid), creeping.

 However, clover meadow and hybrid (mainly cultivated varieties) quickly fall out of the grass stand. The remaining creeping clover with a branched root system occupies the free spaces that have fallen for 3-4 years of meadow and hybrid, with a rod root system. Clover gives a small underground mass (height 15-20 cm). This reduces the quality and quantity of feed mass. The root system itself, unlike other species (meadow and hybrid), is much lower and reaches a length of not more than 70 cm. This does not fully reduce the erosion processes and increase soil fertility on steep mountain slopes, where the soil is stony and light in mechanical composition. .

 The purpose of the invention is the reduction of the erosion process, increasing soil fertility, improving feed quality.

 This is achieved by the fact that sowing of clover is carried out by two species - early ripening meadow and similar to a different root system, and meadow sowing with 85-90 cm rows between rows, followed by clover sowing similar to free rows.

 The method is as follows.

 In the spring, after disking the sod, the grass clover is sown with a grass seeder with a row spacing of 85-90 cm.The root system of meadow clover grows faster in year of sowing than the aerial mass; in early-ripening forms, it is deeper than in late-ripening forms. This allows in the first year of life due to the rapid development of roots (up to 50-80 cm) to achieve the strengthening of the slopes, to reduce the erosion processes. Sown clover similar develops as root-sprouting plants. From the root neck and below it already in the autumn of the first year of life, and more often in the spring in the second year, underground shoots develop with their subsequent exit to the soil surface. Over the years, due to the formation of daughter shoots, the mother bush grows on the surface of the soil with a diameter of up to one meter or more. Such a root system allows the plant to occupy a significant area, crowding out other species, withstanding soil compaction and trampling by cattle.

 Consequently, a similar clover occupies the entire area of the fallen clover meadow and hybrid (row spacing 85-90 cm plus grazed meadow clover). Due to the intensive vegetative propagation, a similar clover is quickly mastered in free spaces. In places with disturbance of vegetation, it behaves as an explant, and develops magnificent. Unlike other species, a similar clover forms up to 20 underground lateral shoots of the root system with a branching of 1,2 and 3 orders. Each lateral root forms a bush, which grows and gives new branches. Maternal plants die for 3-4 years and during this period of maximum development, daughter branches reach, filling the spaces of grazing meadow and hybrid species.

 The chemical composition of clover similar to 4-5 years of life is not inferior to clover meadow during its maximum development (Table 1).

 By biological properties and morphological characteristics, a similar clover reaches a height at the level of meadow clover (70-80 cm) and, in some favorable conditions, up to 105 cm.

Example 1. At mountain altitudes (the village of Dargavs of North Ossetia) with a steepness of 10-12 ^o, roundup herbicide was introduced at a dose of 5 kg / ha, the turf was discontinued with heavy harrows BDT-2.2. Fertilizers were applied at a dose of P ₆₀ K ₆₀ . Initially, clover was sown with a meadow seeder SN-2,4. A row spacing of 85-90 cm was set. In this seeder, openers 3 and 9 were left open. A similar clover was sown in the aisles 6 and 12 formed by openers.

Example 2. In the foothill area (slope 3-5 ^o ), sowing meadow clover with row spacing of 90 cm seeder SZT-3.6 was sown after processing the turf. In free aisles, sowing of clover similar was repeated. In the first year, row-spacing was carried out. The results of the proposed method are presented in table. 2.

 The table shows that the sowing of two types of clover (proposed) different in the root system provides increased soil fertility, reduces erosion processes (soil loss), and improves the quality and quantity of hay yield.

Claims (1)

 The method of sowing clover on mountain hayfields and pastures, including disking turf, applying herbicides and fertilizers, sowing grasses, characterized in that the sowing of grasses is carried out by two types of clover: meadow clover and clover, similar to different root systems, with early ripening clover sown with aisles 85 90 cm, and a similar clover is seeded into free aisles.

Images