RU207408U1 - BARRING UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of equipment for woodworking and, in particular, to debarking machines. The debarking unit of the debarking machine includes a rotating shaft, placed on it, at least two discs fixed on the shaft. The stripping elements are made in the form of sections of a round link chain, the ends of which are fixed on adjacent discs by means of removable clamps, while the chains have a slack and are located at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the processed log. The number of discs placed on a rotating shaft can be more than two and depends on the diameter of the processed logs. The sag of the sections of each chain between the discs forms a loop U-shaped, while the ends of the bending of the loops at the outer discs should preferably be located at the level of the longitudinal axis of the processed log, and the ends of the remaining U-shaped loops should be located between the longitudinal axis of the log and its outer contour, equidistant to the outer diameter of the log. roots It is advisable to install at least three pieces on any debarking machine, placing them at an angle of 120 ° to each other and sequentially one after the other. and expanding the range of diameters of processed logs.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of woodworking equipment and, in particular, to debarkers.

Known domestic and foreign devices for debarking logs, in which chains equipped with cutting elements are used as a barking tool, for example, the Soviet "debarking machine" patent SU No. 802024 with priority from 05/25/1979, German device according to patent No. DE 4137366 with priority from 1993.05.19 "Debarking mechanism for felled tree trunks - is mounted on a tractor and driven from its PTO sha", US device under US patent No. 2019232521 "Flail chain link with interlocking link configuratio" with priority from 2019.08.01.

All these devices have one common drawback, which is that the chains of these devices are equipped with cutting elements that are fixed on the chains and complicate their design and operation.

Known barking chain device in which chains are used without additional cutting elements, described in the description of the patent RU No. 196989 "Barking machine" with a priority of 25.122019.

The lifting device consists of a set of chains fixed at one end on a shaft located parallel to the axis of symmetry of the log and driven by an electric motor, while the other end of the chains is free. A simple device in which the chains hit the log from top to bottom. However, to carry out debarking, the log must not only be moved forward, but also given a rotational movement around its axis. The rotation of the log is carried out by discs with teeth, installed with an inclination, on which the log lies freely.

It is this circumstance that is the main drawback of the entire design, since the design of the machine becomes more complicated, and a free-lying log, and even with a curvature, taking into account slippage on the feed discs, will not advance evenly, at different speeds, which means that there will be places with deep workings on the processed shaft , which reduces the quality of the debarked log.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed pick-up unit is the chain pick-up device described in US patent US No. 2483338 (A) "Chain-type cutter for debarking machines", with a priority of 1949.09.27.

The device contains a rotating shaft with at least two discs, to which the ends of the pick-up elements are fixed, in the form of sections of a round-link chain. One disc is fixed on the shaft, while the second disc is spring-loaded and has the ability to move axially on the bushing along the bump, providing tension in the sections of the chains between the discs. The ends of the chains are secured to discs by U-brackets with nuts.

The sections of the chain links are directed in different directions at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the log to be processed and form an angle between themselves in the working area of the order of 90 °, while this angle is crossed by an additional chain from the disc to the disc, which is parallel to the shaft on which the discs are fixed.

Several design flaws should be noted, which are:

- providing the tension of the chains with a spring element with the movement of one disc and the simultaneous transmission of torque to the discs for debarking, complicates the design of the device;

- to press the chains to the processed log, overcoming the tension of the chains, it is necessary to apply additional force. This can be under the own weight of the device, fixed, as can be seen from the drawing, on the console or in another way, which in any case complicates the design;

- the tension of the chains and the length of their segments between the discs without sagging, as well as the small travel of the spring-loaded disc, limited by the spring travel, limit the coverage of the diameter of the logs and reduce the range of possible processing of the diameter of the logs.

The technical result to be achieved by the design of the claimed scaffold assembly is to simplify its design.

The task is achieved due to the fact that in the barking unit of the debarking machine, which includes a rotating shaft, placed on it, at least two discs, one of which is stationary on the shaft, the barking elements in the form of sections of a round link chain, located at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the processed log, the ends of which are fixed on adjacent discs, according to the utility model, all discs on the shaft are fixed motionless with the possibility of their dismantling, while the chains have a sag.

The rotating shaft of the unit is located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the log being processed, while the disks placed on it for ease of installation and dismantling are fixed on one removable sleeve installed on the shaft and fixed on it in any known way, for example, with a bolt from the end through a washer. The number of discs on the shaft is at least two and depends on the diameter of the processed logs.

The sag of the sections of each chain between the discs forms a U-shaped loop, while the ends of the bending of the loops at the extreme discs, preferably located at the level of the longitudinal axis of the processed log, and the ends of the remaining U-shaped loops, should be located between the longitudinal axis of the log and its outer contour equidistantly to the outer the diameter of the log.

Taking into account this circumstance and the inclination of the sections of the chains between the discs in relation to the longitudinal axis of the log, the overlap of the zone of action of one chain by the other chain is ensured, thereby ensuring complete debarking of the surface of the log without bald spots. To ensure high-quality debarking of logs on any debarking device, it is necessary to install at least three scoop assemblies at an angle of 120 ° to each other, placing them sequentially one after the other.

The chain is secured to the discs by means of clamps. For this purpose, shaped through holes are made in the discs, each of which is formed from a cylindrical hole for the protrusion of the retainer and a groove for installing a chain link into it, while the width and length of the open groove correspond to the dimensions of the thickness and width of the link. The number of holes on each disc depends on the diameters of the processed logs and can range from two and, for example, up to ten.

The hinge lock is made in the form of a bar with a cylindrical protrusion at one end, installed in the cylindrical part of the shaped hole on the disk, and a through hole at the other end, interacting with the fastening element.

A bolt or a stud with a washer and a nut can be used as a fastening element.

The achieved technical result, the solution of which is aimed at the design of the claimed scaffold assembly, is to simplify its design.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show:

FIG. 1. Barking knot in section (conventionally with four discs);

FIG. 2. View along arrow A in FIG. 1 (with clamps);

FIG. 3. Shaped hole on the disc for attaching the chain

FIG. 4. Section b-b of FIG. 2 (rotated, clamps with nuts);

FIG. 5. Schematic spatial representation of the installation of one section of the chain link without clamps, with an inclination to the longitudinal axis of the shaft and the axis of the log;

FIG. 6. Schematic angular arrangement of the lifting units on the machine (conventionally with four discs).

The barking unit of the debarking machine includes a rotating shaft 1 located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the log to be processed 2 (Fig. 1). A bushing 3 is installed on the shaft 1, with the possibility of its dismantling. Discs 4 are fixedly fixed on the sleeve 3 (conventionally four pieces) since their number may be greater and depends on the diameter of the processed logs.

The bushing 3 is fixed on the shaft in any known way, for example, as shown in the drawing, with the bolt 5 from the end through the washer 6. The transmission of torque from the shaft 1 to the bushing 2 can be carried out through any connection, for example, keyed or spline (not shown).

Korosnitelnye elements are made in the form of sections of a round-link chain 7 and are located at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the processed log 2 and the axis of the shaft 1 (Fig. 1, 5). The ends of the sections of the chain links 7 are fixed on adjacent discs 4, while the chains have a sag 8. The sag of the sections of each chain between the discs forms a U-shaped loop, while the ends of the bending of the loops at the extreme discs are preferably located at the level of the longitudinal axis of the log to be processed, and the ends the rest of the U-shaped loops should be located between the longitudinal axis of the log and its outer contour equidistantly to the outer diameter of the log.

the end of the loop deflection is preferably located at the level of the longitudinal axis 9 of the processed log 2.

Each disk 4 has shaped through holes 10 for fixing the chain in them by means of clamps 11 (Figs. 2, 3, 4), each of which is formed from a cylindrical hole 12 for the protrusion 13 of the clamp 11 and a groove 14 for installing a chain link in it.

The width and length of the open groove 14 corresponds to the dimensions of the thickness and width of the chain link 7.

The retainer 11 of the ends of the chain links 7 of the loop (Fig. 4) is made in the form of a strip with a cylindrical protrusion 13 at one end, installed in the cylindrical part 12 of the shaped hole on the disk 4, and a through hole 15 at the other end, with which it is put on the fastening pin 16 screwed into the threaded hole 17 in the disk 4. The retainer is fastened in any known way, for example, with a bolt or nut 18 through a washer 19 screwed onto a stud 16, as indicated in the drawing.

The sternum node is implemented as follows.

1. Bush 3 is installed on shaft 1 with discs 4 fixed on it and fixed by pressing it against the end until it stops, screwing the screw 5 through the washer 6. Next, the link of one end of each section of the chain 7 is inserted into the open groove 14 on the disc 4 and inserted into the cylindrical hole 12 on the disc 4 is the projection 13 of the retainer, ensuring reliable fixation of one end of the chain 7 on the disc 4. The length of the section of the chain 7 located between the discs is measured in such a way that the U-shaped deflection of the sections at the extreme chain reaches approximately the level of the longitudinal axis of the processed log. The ends of the deflection of the remaining U-shaped loops should be located between the longitudinal axis of the log and its outer contour equidistantly to the outer diameter of the log.

With the second end of the chain segment 7, the same operation is performed on the adjacent disc, while the link of the chain section 7 is installed in the groove 14 not coaxially with the one located on the previous disc 4, but in the groove angularly displaced, providing an inclined arrangement of the chain section between adjacent discs 4 at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the processed log and shaft 1 (Fig. 6).

When the shaft rotates by centrifugal force, the chains are pressed and cover part of the log surface, while, taking into account the inclination of the chain sections between the discs, the coverage of one chain by another chain is ensured, and thus the log surface is debarked without bald spots.

In order to obtain high-quality debarking of logs, it is advisable to install the barking unit on any debarking machine in an amount of at least three pieces, placing them at an angle of 120 ° between each of them and in sequential order one after the other.

The achieved technical result, the solution of which is aimed at the design of the claimed scaffold assembly, consists in simplifying its design and expanding the range of diameters of the processed logs.

The machine has successfully passed the test tests.

Claims (5)

1. Barking unit of a debarker, including a rotating shaft located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the processed log, placed on it at least two discs, barking elements in the form of sections of a round link chain, located at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the processed log, the ends of which are fixed on adjacent discs , characterized in that all discs on the shaft are fixed motionless with the possibility of their dismantling, while the chains have a sag. 2. The assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the disks fixed to the shaft for ease of installation and disassembly are fixed on at least one removable sleeve mounted on the shaft and fixed from the end with a bolt through a washer. 3. A unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of disks placed on the rotating shaft depends on the diameter of the processed logs. 4. A knot according to claim 1, characterized in that the sag of the sections of each chain between the discs forms a U-shaped loop, while the ends of the bending of the loops at the extreme discs are located at the level of the longitudinal axis of the processed log, and the ends of the remaining U-shaped loops are located between the longitudinal the axis of the log and its outer contour is equidistant to the outer diameter of the log. 5. The assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the chains are fixed on the discs by retainers in through-shaped holes, each of which is formed from a groove for installing a chain link in it and a cylindrical hole for the projection of the retainer.

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