RU206772U1 - Trainer-plate for exercises to restore finger movements and short-term memory in neurological patients - Google Patents

Abstract

The useful model "Trainer-plate for exercises on restoring finger movements and short-term memory in neurological patients" refers to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes on restoring impaired finger movements and of short-term memory in neurological patients The claimed utility model contains a flat plastic base (1) in the shape of a rectangle, on the front side of which there are identical indentation cells (2), which are arranged in horizontal rows, the number of indentation cells (2) in each of them is the same; at the same time, its serial number (4) is applied to the surface of each of the recessed cells (2), and on the reverse side of the base (1) there is a tubular retainer (3) made with the possibility of fixing on one of the fingers of the patient's hand. the simulator-plate provides the possibility of conducting exercises for the simultaneous restoration of disturbed movements of the fingers and short-term memory in neurological patients, allowing the process of movements of the fingers of the hand to be included in an interesting and attractive activity for patients, with a gradual increase in the degree of complexity of the movements performed. restorative exercises are an element of novelty, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients. Due to the simplicity of the design and ease of use, the simulator-plate can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes on restoring impaired finger movements and short-term memory in neurological patients.

Violation of the movements of the fingers and short-term memory occurs in neurological patients due to organic lesions of the brain of various etiologies.

To restore the disturbed movements of the fingers, special devices and simulators are used.

So, from the existing level of technology known "Trainer for fingers" ZM-001 (Online store "ReaMed". Equipment for rehabilitation, Trainer for fingers - ЗМ-001, found on 20.07.2021, on the Internet at https: //reamed.su/catalog/product/zm-001/).

Structurally, this simulator is a plastic "ladder" with "steps" along which the patient "walks" while exercising his fingers, which contributes to the gradual restoration of their movements.

The disadvantages of this simulator when used for exercises to restore finger movements and short-term memory in neurological patients are

a) this simulator does not provide the ability to conduct short-term memory restoration exercises;

b) the inability to change the degree of complexity of the movements performed by the fingers;

c) monotony of classes, which consists in performing stereotyped repetitive movements, contributing to rapid fatigability of patients;

d) the possibility of conducting classes only in specially equipped rooms due to the dimensions of this simulator.

Along with impaired motor functions, neurological patients often have impairments of various types of memory, for the restoration of which various devices and simulators are also used.

So from the existing level it is known "A device-simulator for training to restore short-term memory in patients with a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 166679 U1 from 10.12.2016).

Structurally, this device is a plastic case, the internal space of which is divided into separate compartments, each of which contains an LED, and in the upper part of the case there is a plate on which a worksheet with various images is located, each of which is located strictly above one of the compartments.

In the course of the lesson, these images are illuminated by LEDs in a random order, and the patient needs to remember the sequence of their illumination, and in accordance with this, sequentially press the buttons corresponding to each of the compartments.

The disadvantages of this device when used for exercises to restore finger movements and short-term memory in neurological patients are

a) this device is not intended for exercises to restore the movements of the fingers;

b) the need to use additional elements in the form of worksheets;

c) the technical complexity of the device, which includes various electronic components.

Also from the existing prior art, devices are known that provide the possibility of conducting exercises aimed at the simultaneous restoration of motor and mental functions, for example, "Exercise panel for exercises to restore impaired finger movements and spatial memory in patients with a neurological clinic" (Patent RU 189038 U1 from 05/07/2019).

Structurally, this device is a flat square base, the surface of which is divided into square cells, in the center of each of which there is a round recess.

In the course of training with this device, a set of working cards is used, each of which contains an image of the device with five highlighted cells, the location of which the patient must remember, and from memory set the fingertips of the hand into the round grooves of the corresponding cells.

The disadvantages of this device when used for exercises to restore finger movements and short-term memory in neurological patients are

a) the need to use additional elements in the form of work cards;

b) conducting classes with this device is possible only on a horizontal surface of the desktop

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above simulators and devices, a “plate simulator for exercises to restore finger movements and short-term memory in neurological patients” (hereinafter referred to as a plate simulator) has been developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are

a) ensuring the possibility of conducting classes on the simultaneous restoration of disturbed movements of the fingers of the hand and short-term memory in neurological patients;

b) the inclusion of the process of movements of the fingers of the hand in an interesting activity for patients, associated with the restoration of memory;

c) the compactness of the simulator-plate, which makes it possible to use it in various conditions;

d) ensuring the possibility of complicating the movements of the fingers of the hand as patients achieve positive results;

e) simplicity of the design of the simulator-plate, contributing to its widespread implementation in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed useful model is the implementation of the possibility of conducting classes on the simultaneous restoration of disturbed movements of the fingers and short-term memory in neurological patients, provided by the structural elements of the declared simulator-plate, allowing to include the process of movements of the fingers in an interesting and attractive activity for patients, with a gradual an increase in the degree of complexity of the movements performed.

This technical result is provided due to the fact that the simulator-plate contains a flat plastic base, having the shape of a rectangle, on the front side of which there are identical cells-depressions, which are arranged in horizontal rows, the number of cells-depressions in each of which is the same; at the same time, its serial number is applied to the surface of each of the recessed cells, and a tubular retainer is located on the reverse side of the base, made with the possibility of fixing on one of the fingers of the patient's hand.

In a preferred embodiment of the simulator, the plates of the cell-recesses are rectangular in shape.

In a preferred embodiment of the simulator, the plates of the cell-recesses are in the form of squares.

In a preferred embodiment of the simulator, the plates of the cell-recesses are in the form of octagons.

In a preferred embodiment of the simulator, the plates of the cell-recesses are in the form of circles.

In a preferred embodiment of the plate trainer, the ordinal number of the groove cell is a number.

In a preferred embodiment of the simulator-plate, the serial number of the cell-depression is a letter.

In a preferred embodiment of the simulator, the plates of the grooves are highlighted in a color that is different from the color of the base.

The essence of the useful model is a simulator-plate for exercises to restore finger movements and short-term memory in neurological patients "is illustrated by drawings, which show

FIG. 1 - front view of the simulator-plate;

FIG. 2 - view of the simulator-plate from the reverse side;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the simulator-plate.

The claimed simulator-plate (see Fig. 1-3) is a flat plastic base (1) having the shape of a rectangle, on the front side of which (see Fig. 1) identical cells-recesses (2) are made, on the surface of each of which is marked with its serial number (4), which is a number or letter of the alphabet, and on the reverse side of the base (1) there is a tubular retainer (3) (see Fig. 2, 3), which is put on one of the fingers of the patient's hand, providing fixation of the plate simulator during the exercises to restore the movements of the fingers and short-term memory.

The term "rectangle" means a quadrangle with all angles right. A special case of a rectangle is a square (Wikipedia. Rectangle, found on July 20, 2021 on the Internet at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectangle).

The dimensions of this particular simulator-plate indicated below are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, since they may change in the process of its creation.

The thickness of the base (1) is 4-8 mm, and the dimensions of the base (1) can be 60-100 × 50-80 mm.

The recessed cells (2) (see Fig. 1) can be in the form of rectangles, squares, octagons or circles, separated from each other and from the edges of the base (1) by bridges, the minimum width of which is at least 2-3 mm.

The recessed cells (2) are located on the front side of the base (1) in horizontal rows, the number of recessed cells (2) in each of which is the same and ranges from 3 to 5 or more recessed cells (2).

The total number of horizontal rows of recessed cells (2) is from 3 to 5 or more rows.

To ensure ease of movement of the finger on the front surface of the base (1), the upper edges of the jumpers can be made rounded.

The dimensions of the recess cell (2) depend on the dimensions of the base (1), the total number of recessed cells (2) and the width of the bridges.

The recessed cells (2) have the same depth, which is 1-3 mm.

On the surface of each of the recessed cells (2), its serial number (4) is applied (for example, with dark paint), which is a number (for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.), or the letter of Russian or any other alphabet (for example, A, B, C, D, D, etc.).

In this case, the numbers (4) of all recessed cells (2) are of the same type, that is, they represent either numbers or letters of the alphabet.

The tubular retainer (3) made on the reverse side of the base (1) (see Figs. 2, 3) has the shape of a hollow tube of circular cross-section, 25-30 mm high, with an inner diameter of 15-20 mm and a wall thickness of 0.5-1, 5 mm.

In this case, the tubular retainer (3), due to the thickness of the wall, must have a certain elasticity, which makes it possible to securely fix it on various fingers.

The tubular retainer (3) can be located in the center of the underside of the base (1), or with some offset from the center.

For a better perception by patients of the cells-depressions (2), they can be highlighted with a color (for example, by means of paint), which differs from the color of the base (1) of the simulator-plate.

The work with the useful model of the simulator-plate for exercises to restore the movements of the fingers and short-term memory in neurological patients "is carried out as follows.

Before starting the lesson, the specialist fixes the simulator-plate on one of the fingers of the patient's hand with impaired finger movements:

a) on the thumb, which makes it possible to work on restoring the movements of the index, middle and ring fingers;

b) on the middle finger, which makes it possible to work on restoring the movements of the thumb.

Along with the above options, there are options for fixing the simulator-plate on other fingers of the patient's hand, for example, on the index.

Further, the specialist examines the degree of preservation of the patient's finger movements. To do this, the patient holds each finger, the movement of which is being investigated, along the front surface of the simulator-plate, and the specialist fixes the numbers (4) of the cells-recesses (2), to which the patient's finger reaches.

After that, the specialist calls the patient a sequence of numbers (letters) corresponding to the numbers (4) of the cells-depressions (2), and the patient must memorize this sequence, and alternately touch the fingertip of all the cells-depressions (2), the numbers (4) of which correspond to the sequence named by the specialist.

In this case, a specialist, naming certain numbers (letters), must take into account the range of movements available for each of the patient's fingers, so that all movements performed by the fingers of the hand are either available to the patient, or require him to apply certain, but not excessive effort.

The number of numbers (letters) that make up a sequence called by a specialist may include from 3 or more numbers (letters) and increase as the patient achieves positive results in restoring short-term memory.

After the patient has completed the required number of exercises with the simulator-plate fixed on one of the fingers of the hand, the specialist moves the simulator-plate alternately to the other fingers of the patient's hand, which continues to perform the above exercises.

As the patient achieves positive results in restoring the movements of the fingers, the specialist increases the degree of complexity of the task, including in the sequence he calls the numbers (4) of those recessed cells (2), the touch of which caused the patient the greatest difficulties or was previously inaccessible to him.

Thus, the effectiveness of the simulator-plate is associated with the fact that in the process of performing the exercises, the movements of the fingers of the patient's hand are transferred to another, more secure level of realization. This is ensured by the fact that the disturbed movements of the fingers of the hand are included in other activities aimed at restoring short-term memory, therefore, the movements of the fingers become less voluntary and more accessible for patients to realize.

Along with exercises to restore finger movements and short-term memory in neurological patients, the plate simulator can be effectively used in the following cases:

a) when conducting classes to restore the movements of the fingers, disturbed as a result of other reasons - injuries, the consequences of surgical operations, etc.;

b) when carrying out correctional and developmental classes with children who have disorders in the formation of fine motor skills of the fingers and short-term memory.

Thus, the claimed simulator-plate provides the possibility of conducting exercises for the simultaneous restoration of disturbed movements of the fingers and short-term memory in neurological patients, allowing the process of movements of the fingers to be included in an interesting and attractive activity for patients, with a gradual increase in the degree of complexity of the movements performed.

The declared simulator-plate introduces an element of novelty into the process of recovery exercises, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to its simplicity of design and ease of use, the simulator-plate can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (7)

1. A simulator-plate for exercises to restore movements of fingers and short-term memory in neurological patients, characterized by the fact that it contains a flat plastic base in the shape of a rectangle, on the front side of which identical cells are made, which are located in horizontal rows, the number of cells is grooves in each of which is the same; at the same time, its serial number is applied to the surface of each of the recessed cells, and a tubular retainer is located on the reverse side of the base, made with the possibility of fixing on one of the fingers of the patient's hand. 2. Exercise machine-plate according to claim. 1, characterized in that the cells-recesses have the shape of rectangles. 3. Exercise machine-plate according to claim. 1, characterized in that the cells-recesses have the shape of squares. 4. Exercise machine-plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the cells-recesses have the shape of octagons. 5. Exercise machine-plate according to claim. 1, characterized in that the cells-recesses have the shape of circles. 6. Exercise machine-plate according to claim. 1, characterized in that the serial number of the cell-recess is a number. 7. Exercise machine-plate according to claim. 1, characterized in that the cells-recesses are highlighted in a color that differs from the color of the base.

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