RU2065768C1 - Device for mechanical treatment of powdery materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: grinding, activation, homogenizing of fine-grain materials for various industries. SUBSTANCE: cylindrical grinding chamber is provided atop with tapered lip and have central bottom hole and is located inside the bin on lugs. Rotor drives with charging pipe connection are mounted atop bin cover. Two concentric and coaxial rotors rotate in common direction. External rotor is higher and has radial blades with openings, and internal rotor is provided with set of disks with central hole arranged in vertical at clearance. Diameter of central holes is not less than diameter of chamber bottom hole. Lower disk is provided with scrapers, and chamber inner wall carries rectangular strips located along interrupted ascending helix. Sets of vertical baffles in the form of rectangular bars with holes are set at clearance as to chamber inner wall for possible rotation and replacement. EFFECT: high efficiency. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques such as electric mass classifiers (EMC), is intended for grinding, activation, disaggregation and homogenization of raw materials in the form of powder or chips, such as clay, cements, etc. and can be used in powder metallurgy, building materials industry, processing dry bulk mineral resources and waste.

 Closest to the proposed one is a mill (ed. St. N 658939, class B 02 C 13/09, 1977), including a grinding chamber with a visor in the form of a truncated cone in the upper part and with a bottom in the bottom, two coaxial rotors located in the chamber , the inner of which is made of vertically installed with a gap of the working elements, and the outer of the radial blades mounted on the drive disk, fenders around the rotor.

 The technical result of the invention is an increase in the productivity of processing materials.

 This is achieved by the fact that the grinding cylindrical chamber with a conical peak above and a hole in the center of the bottom is mounted inside the hopper on the sinus-forming protrusions, inside the chamber there are coaxial rotors with separate drives with rotation in one direction, the outer upper rotor contains a drive disk with radial blades with openings forming a cone-shaped cavity in which an internal rotor is placed, consisting of a set of disks mounted vertically with a gap, the lower one being equipped with scrapers, and all disks are centered with a hole with a diameter not less than the diameter in the center of the bottom, rectangular plates are fixed on the inner wall of the chamber, forming an intermittent spiral rising upward along the spiral, with a gap to the chamber wall, sets of targets in the form of rectangular rods with holes per height in an amount of at least two rods each, the drives of which are mounted under the bottom of the chamber in the sinuses, the drives and the dosage unit are located on top of the hopper.

 The proposed device is shown in FIG. 1 and 2.

 The device contains a dosing unit 1 on top of the unit, a hopper for the processed product 2 with sinuses 3, inside its cylindrical separation chamber 4 with an aperture in the center of the bottom 5 and a cone-shaped visor 6, rectangular plates 7, forming a tape rising in a spiral, in the separation chamber there is a large rotor from the drive disk 8 with radial blades with openings 9, forming a conical cavity, in which is placed coaxially with a set of annular disks 10 installed with a clearance in height, the lower one is equipped with scrapers 11, I have rotors its drive 12 and 13, respectively, in the gap between the cylindrical wall of the separation chamber and the rotor sets the target set of rectangular rods vertically height 14 fixed on the common base 15 with its drive 16.

 The hopper has a bottom device for continuous removal of the processed material 17.

 The device operates as follows.

 Through the metering unit 1, a material in the form of a powder enters a rotating large rotor. Under the action of centrifugal force, it is thrown to the cylindrical wall of the separation chamber 4, where under the influence of turbulent flow as a result of impacts of particles against each other, target 14 and the wall, they are electrified and the so-called "gas-dust plasma" is formed from neutral and charged particles. Under the action of the Stokes force, which affect small particles more strongly, farther away from the wall small particles are concentrated, which are mostly negatively charged. A stationary negatively charged cloud expands under the influence of Coulomb forces toward the center and through the visor 6 from above and the hole in the center of the bottom 5, the processed material flies into the hopper 2, in which the particles are discharged by the action of air molecules and upon contact with the electrically conductive surface, the processed material gradually accumulates in the hopper 2 and is removed by the device 17 over time. To increase the productivity of the device, the diameter of the separation chamber and its height are increased. In order for the material to be processed uniformly along the height of the chamber, rectangular plates 7 are installed on their inner cylindrical surface, which at their ends play the role of targets and contribute to the grinding and activation of particles when they hit a fixed surface, and in addition, they lift the material spinning in a circle upwards in a spiral, ensuring uniform use space.

 Sets of targets of at least two of the rectangular rods with holes 14 in height also increase the efficiency of particle impacts at a fixed linear rotor speed. Their rotation on a common basis with the help of the drive 16 additionally exceeds the particle impact velocity, since the linear velocities of the rotor and the target are added, one hundred allows reducing the speed of rotation of the large rotor and increasing its size or increasing the degree of grinding.

 Charged particles after processing in a space near the cylindrical wall are removed either upward, where time, air viscosity, gravity and, to a lesser extent, centrifugal force, contribute to the selection of particles, or downward through a hole in the center of the bottom, but the particles pass through the space inside the rotor containing a set of ring disks that, when rotated at a faster speed than the rotor with radial blades, create a field of centrifugal forces, which basically selects the smallest or most heavily charged (i.e. Leia activated) particles before they get into the hopper for the treated material, scrapers in the lower disk prevent the accumulation of material on the bottom. A multi-disk rotor creates conditions for the selection of particles with minimal energy consumption, and the role of a large rotor with radial blades is reduced only to the creation of a turbulent flow at the periphery and thereby to the formation of a gas-dust plasma.

 As the rotating targets wear, they are replaced using sinuses 3.

 To stop the operation of the device, the flow of material 6 into the separation chamber is blocked, some time is expected to process the existing material in the chamber, then the drives 12, 13, 16 are turned on and the processed material is removed by means of the device 17.

Distinctive features of the proposed device from the prototype [2]
1. In the prototype, the separation chamber is located under the hopper for the processed product and communicates with it through the lower hole in the center, and in the proposed device, the separation chamber with a cone-shaped visor is placed inside the hopper, and the material in the form of gas and dust plasma is removed both up and down. This allows you to maximize the capabilities of the rotor for the production of processed material.

 2. In the prototype, annular partitions are installed in the separation chamber, which allows you to slow down the fall of the material down, and in the proposed device, the plates form a tape that rises the fallen material upwards in a spiral, and, in addition, the edges of rectangular plates are long-term targets that increase the processing efficiency at a fixed rotor speed.

 3. The proposed device is additionally equipped with rotating targets, which together on one base are mounted with a drive from the bottom of the separation chamber. This increases the efficiency of processing the material, in particular grinding, activation. For mounting the targets, changing them and replacing the drive in the hopper, sinuses are made.

 4. In the proposed device, an additional coaxial rotor with its drive is introduced, located in the conical cavity of the large rotor, consisting of annular disks mounted vertically with a gap, the lower disk being equipped with scrapers, and the diameter of the hole in the disk is not less than the hole in the bottom. The additional rotor with its drive rotates in the same direction at a higher speed than the main one, and performs the function of creating a centrifugal force field for selecting particles with less energy, i.e., it does not produce practically turbulence and reduces the parasitic effect of compression (creating excess pressure on the periphery). This allows you to increase the size of the rotor and, accordingly, the performance of the installation.

 The diameter of the holes in the disks is made no less than in the bottom of the separation chamber, so as not to create the effect of a "narrow neck" mismatch in the space between the disks and the hole in the hopper.

Technical appraisal and economic advantages of the claimed technical solution over the prototype [2]
1. To increase the activity of cement due to grinding in the prototype requires a linear rotor speed of 45 m / s, and in the proposed device less, which increases the efficiency of the device.

 2. Due to the removal of the processed material and up, the productivity of the device is increased by 1.5 2 times.

 3. By reducing the speed of rotation of the rotor, you can increase the size of the installation and, accordingly, productivity without reducing the efficiency of activation.

 4. There is an additional opportunity to control the quality of processing without significant costs by changing the speed of rotation of the additional rotor.

 5. Facilitates the creation of the main rotor with radial blades by reducing its weight and speed.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for the mechanical processing of powder materials, including a grinding chamber with a visor in the form of a truncated cone in the upper part and with a bottom in the lower, two coaxial rotors located in the chamber, the inner of which is made of vertically installed with a clearance of working elements, and the outer of radial blades mounted on the drive disk, fenders located around the rotor with a gap relative to the walls of the chamber, a device for rotating the rotors, pipes for loading and unloading material, distinguishing I mean that it is equipped with a sealed housing in which the grinding chamber is mounted on the protrusions, and rectangular plates mounted on the chamber wall in a spiral with a gap relative to each other, while the fenders are made in the form of rectangular rods mounted vertically with the possibility of rotation, radial the blades are made with openings, the working elements of the inner rotor are made in the form of disks with central holes and with a diameter of the holes of the disks not less than the diameter of the hole in the center of the bottom of the grinding chamber ery, and the lower disk is equipped with bottom scrapers, and the device for rotation of the rotors is made in the form of individual drives for each rotor.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fenders are made in the form of sets of rectangular rods with holes in height and are installed with the possibility of replacement.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fenders are installed above the ledges formed by the sinuses in the housing.

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