RU2058951C1 - Device for production of mineral fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: equipment for production of mineral fiber. SUBSTANCE: device for production of mineral fiber has hopper for stock, high-frequency induction furnace, water-cooled crucible with melting zone, pneumatic blow head and fiber laying chamber. Installed over the crucible melting zone is cyclone with shell whose contour follows the contour of melting zone. Shell lower part is made of separate sections insulated from one another. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the production of mineral fibers of various thicknesses (super, ultra and microfine fibers) from various rocks, glass, oxides of refractory materials.

A device is known for producing mineral staple fiber from a molten rock containing a pressure vessel installed in the fuel combustion chamber with a die feeder and a nozzle for blowing the fiber placed in the gap between the latter and the wall of the combustion chamber, the nozzle being provided with removable pivoting valves pivotally attached to it changes in the angle of inclination of the die axis, and the pressure tank is made with double walls with a cavity open towards the combustion chamber [1]
The disadvantages of this device are the short life of the spinneret feeder, the uneven heating of the melt, the high energy consumption for blowing the melt.

There is another device for producing superthin fiber from mineral melts, comprising a melting furnace with a confuser nozzle having longitudinal channels on the working surface and a combustion chamber with blowing nozzles located at the outlet of the confuser nozzle, under which the diffuser is coaxially mounted [2]
The disadvantages of this device are the structural complexity, as well as the inability to control the temperature of the melt, the difficulty of removing combustion products from the furnace and the impact of the energy source on the melt strip in two places, which ultimately significantly reduces the blowing efficiency and the quality of the fiber.

 In addition, in these well-known solutions, nozzles using fuel oil, kerosene, which have an environmentally harmful effect on the environment, are used as a source of energy.

Closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for the manufacture of mineral fibers containing a hopper for a charge, a high-frequency induction furnace, a water-cooled crucible with a melting zone, a pneumatic blowing head and a fiber deposition chamber [3]
The disadvantage of this device is the low productivity due to the high temperature-viscosity heterogeneity of the molten mass of the mineral arising from the melting of the feedstock, which contributes to the formation of “arches” and “layers” that impede the normal movement of the charge to the bath mirror. To eliminate this undesirable phenomenon, a mechanical shurovka is used that performs reciprocating movements along the axis of the crucible, both manually and from an electric drive. However, in this case, the melt is squeezed out non-uniformly, the melt stream has an unstable flow rate and, as a result of this, the fiber is obtained with an inhomogeneous thickness and quality.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the device and the reliability of its operation.

 The goal is achieved in that the device for the manufacture of mineral fiber containing a bunker for a charge, a high-frequency induction furnace, a water-cooled crucible with a melting zone, a pneumatic blowing head and a fiber deposition chamber is equipped with a cyclone with a skirt mounted above the melting zone of the crucible, the contour of which repeats the contour of the melting zone. It is possible that the lower part of the skirt is made of separate sections isolated from each other.

 Figure 1 presents a device for the production of fiber; figure 2 induction furnace with a cyclone; figure 3 cyclone with a skirt; in Fig.4 a section aa in Fig.3.

 A device for producing mineral fiber contains a high-frequency induction furnace 1 with a cold crucible 2, a pneumatic blowing head 3 with a fiber deposition chamber 4, a hopper 5 with an initial charge and a dispenser 6. A cyclone 7 with a skirt 8 is installed above the melting zone of the crucible, the contour of which repeats the contour of the melting zone 9. The release of the melt occurs through a siphon formed by the partition 10 and the wall of the crucible.

 The device operates as follows.

 The mixture from the hopper 5 and the dispenser 6 is supplied with a stream of air to the inlet pipe 11 of the cyclone 7, swirls and, turning around the exhaust pipe 12, rotates, goes down. Part of the flow is directed along an ascending (inner) spiral to the exhaust pipe 12, and the air-sized dressing is discarded to the walls of the cyclone 7 and through the outlet 13 enters the skirt 8, and then into the melting zone 9. At the same time, the vortex air movement above the “mirror” the melt promotes the mixing of the melt, prevents the formation of "nastily" and "arches", forming a molten mineral mass with the same temperature regime throughout the "mirror" of the molten mass.

 The contour of the skirt 8 repeats the contour of the melting zone in such a way that most of the charge is reflected from the walls of the skirt 8 into the annular zone of the melt bath, where the greatest heat energy is released. The melt from the melting zone through a siphon enters the production zone 14 and from here the prepared melt flows out through the drain toe 15. Through the hole in the casing of the induction furnace, the melt stream enters the blowing head 3.

 The stream of compressed air from the compressor 16 disperses the stream of molten mineral fiber into the fiber. The resulting fiber through the diffuser is sent to the fiber deposition chamber and settles on the receiving-forming conveyor. The exhaust air from the fiberization chamber is removed through a filter 17 using a smoke exhauster 18. In order to increase resistance, the lower part of the skirt 8 is made of separate sections 19 isolated from each other.

Claims (2)

 1. A device for manufacturing a mineral fiber containing a hopper for a charge, a high-frequency induction furnace, a water-cooled crucible with a melting zone, a pneumatic blowing head and a fiber deposition chamber, characterized in that it is equipped with a cyclone with a skirt installed above the melting zone of the crucible, the circuit of which repeats the melting circuit zones.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the skirt is made of separate sections isolated from each other.

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