RU2048232C1 - Apparatus for recovery of sand from waste sand and core sand mixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: foundry. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has feeding hopper 1, working unit 2 with electromagnetic vibratory exciter 9, grinding chamber 10, preliminary dedusting chamber 11, rubbing chamber 13 with working members 19 made from abrasive material, chamber 22 for separating filler mixture from coating and core sand mixture, chamber 23 for dedusting filler mixture. Chamber 22 has suction chamber 37 and is connected with airduct, which is defined by pressure chamber 6, heating device 7 and ventilation unit 8. Wet waste mixture delivered into chamber 22 is separated into filler mixture, core sand mixture and coating mixture and dried. Dried core sand mixture and coating mixture as well as a portion of filler mixture are fed to grinding chamber. Ground mixture is dedusted in chamber 11 and fed into rubbing chamber 13, where it is dried and cleaned from binders and clay components. EFFECT: increased efficiency in simultaneous treatment of mixtures and recovery in wet state. 4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to foundry, and in particular, to equipment for the regeneration of spent molding and core mixtures.

 A device for the regeneration of sand from spent molding and core mixtures, containing a loading feeder, an elastically suspended working unit, which is made of two halves communicating with each other through a window and a vertical chute with a tray, vibration exciters, dust collecting and unloading units of sand.

The disadvantages of this device are:
the lack of equipment to perform the operation of scouring hardened films of binder materials from grains of sand, since only the operation of crushing mixtures into individual grains of sand is carried out in the working unit, as a result of which the quality of cleaning the mixture does not meet the requirements for molding sands;
the impossibility of regeneration of facing and core mixtures together (simultaneously) with the filling mixture;
a sharp decrease in the performance of the regeneration process upon receipt of moistened spent molding sand.

 The aim of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the regeneration process by improving the quality of sand cleaning from binder materials, providing the possibility of regeneration of simultaneously rod, cladding and filling mixtures, as well as productive sand regeneration from moistened spent mixtures.

 Figure 1 shows a device according to the invention, side view; figure 2 section aa in figure 1; figure 3 section BB in figure 1.

 A device for dry regeneration consists of a loading hopper 1, a working unit 2 suspended on elastic elements 3, an exhaust chamber 4 for removing dust connected to the working unit 2 by an elastic joint 5, an air duct consisting of a pressure chamber 6, a heating device 7 and a ventilation installation 8. The working unit 2 is equipped with an electromagnetic vibration exciter 9, has a crushing chamber 10, divided with a preliminary dedusting chamber 11 with an inclined perforated bottom 12, and with a rubbing chamber 13 of a vertical overhang rodkoy 14 with the opening 15 to move the sand. The bottom of the chamber 13 is made in the form of a wireless grill 16. The chamber of the wiping 13 has several removable cassettes 17 with vertical through cells 18, in which working elements 19 of abrasive material are mounted in several tiers at different angles, and connected to the duct with an elastic joint 5, and with a pipe for unloading purified sand 20 with a rigid bond. The pipe 20 is equipped with a grill 21 to remove non-crushed materials that have fallen together with the recovered material.

 The device is equipped with a separation chamber 22 of the filling mixture from the facing and core, having a dedusting chamber 23, with which it is divided by an inclined perforated bottom 24. The live section of the bottom 24 is 4-8 times larger than the section of the holes of the bottom 12 of the crushing chamber 10. The separation chamber 22 is separated from the camera crushing 10 by a partition 25, in which an aperture 26 is made for communicating the cameras, and a diffraction partition 27 is installed in it, which increases the residence time of the mixture in the chamber.

 The exhaust openings are made in the dedusting chamber 23 of the filling mixture: on the side of the crushing chamber, the opening 28, adjustable by the valve 29, and in the side wall the opening 30, adjustable by the valve 31.

 In the dedusting chambers 11, 23, exhaust pipes 32 are installed to remove dust components.

 The hatch 33 is provided in the design for removing non-crushed materials. The chamber 22 is provided with an air duct comprising a pressure chamber 34, a heating device 35 and a ventilation unit 36, as well as an exhaust chamber 37. In this case, the chamber 22 is connected to the pressure chamber 34 of the air duct through the bottom 38 of the dust collecting chamber 23, which is made in the form of a wireless grill.

 The device operates as follows.

 After the vibration exciter 9 and the ventilation unit 8 are turned on through the loading hopper 1, the spent facing, core and filling mixtures enter the separation chamber 22, where, under the influence of vibration, the filling mixture is sifted through the perforated bottom 24 into the dust removal chamber 23, where the resulting dust. When the valve is closed 29 through the openings 30 with the valve open 31, the filling mixture is unloaded for reuse. Pieces of the facing and core mixtures under the action of forces from the vibration influence move around the partition 27 into the crushing chamber 10 through the opening 26. In the crushing chamber 10, the mixture is crushed into small fractions under vibration exposure, partially rubbed, sifted through the perforated bottom 12 into the preliminary chamber dedusting 11, where dust formed during crushing is removed through the exhaust pipes 32. Sifted grains of sand under the influence of vibration move into the chamber of the scouring 13 through the opening 15 of the vertical partition 14.

 In the chamber of the rubbing 13 under the influence of the air pressure created by the ventilation unit 8 through the pressure chamber 6 and the wireless grid 16, the grains of sand come into fluidized state and, moving in labyrinths from the vibrating working elements 19 of the vertical through cells 18, as well as passing through each cassette 17, they are cleaned of hardened binder materials upon repeated collision of grains of sand with vibrating working elements 19. The resulting dust and small fractions of by-products are removed through an exhaust chamber 4, the cleaned sand is discharged through the pipe 20 into the storage hopper (not shown in the drawings), and small non-crushed materials that can be fed with sand remain on the grate 21 and enter a special container (not shown in the drawings).

 If it becomes necessary to use a certain part of the filling mixture for the manufacture of facing and core mixtures, in this case, the valve 29 is opened to the required section and part of the filling mixture enters the crushing chamber 10 through the outlet opening 28. There it is crushed, sieved into the preliminary dedusting chamber 11 and then through the opening 15 enters the chamber of the scouring 13, where it is cleaned of binders and dust.

 In the case when the wet exhaust mixture enters the loading hopper 1, the ventilation unit 36 and the heating device 35 are turned on. Heated air is supplied under pressure through the openings of the bottom 38 to the dust removal chamber 23 and then through the perforated bottom 24 to the separation chamber 22. Heated air, in series Passing through the dedusting chambers 23 and compartments 22, it first dries the sand that has fallen into the dedusting chamber 23, and then dries pieces of the facing and core mixtures remaining in the chamber 22.

 The resulting dust and small fractions of by-products are removed through the exhaust chamber 37. Thus, the separation chamber 22 of the filling mixture from the facing and the core, having a dedusting chamber 23, also serves as a drying chamber. In this case, the drying time, if necessary, can be extended either by adjusting the power of the vibration exciter 9, or by changing the angle of inclination of the working unit 2 with respect to the horizontal.

 Thus, the claimed solution improves the quality of sand cleaning from binders and expands the technological capabilities of the device due to the regeneration of the facing, core and filling mixtures at the same time, as well as wet mixtures.

Claims (4)

 1. DEVICE FOR REGENERATING SAND FROM WORKED FORMING AND ROD MIXTURES, containing a loading hopper, an elastically suspended working unit made of two halves communicated between each other through a window, and a vertical chute with a tray, vibration exciters, dust collecting units, which are dust collecting, the working unit is additionally equipped with a chamber for separating the filling mixture from the facing and core with an autonomous dedusting chamber, an exhaust chamber and an air duct, a preliminary dedusting chamber attrition chamber and formed as a labyrinth in which the cassettes are arranged operating elements.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber for separating the filler mixture from the facing and core with an autonomous dedusting chamber is separated from the crushing chamber by means of a partition with an opening, and the dedusting chamber is in communication with the crushing chamber using the outlet opening.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust chamber and the duct are interconnected by a perforated bottom of the separation chamber and the bottom of the dedusting chamber, made in the form of a wireless grill.  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-dedusting chamber is located under the perforated bottom of the crushing chamber and through the opening communicates with the scouring chamber, separated from the crushing chamber by a vertical partition.

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