RU2048051C1 - Machine for harvesting seeds by standing crop combing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: machine for harvesting seeds by the standing crop combing method has a hackle drum with combs in a jacket, a conveying pipeline located behind the drum, and a working tool taking seeds from the heap. The working tool is a centrifugal rubbing device mounted in the conveying pipeline behind the hackle drum. The axis of rotation of the rubbing device is perpendicular with the axis of rotation of the hackle drum, and a turning gate is installed in the conveying pipeline in the zone of location of the rubbing device. The external part of the combs of the hackle drum is a combination of pins, and the internal part is a solid unit. EFFECT: simpler design; lower loss of seeds. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a device for harvesting seeds.

 A known machine for harvesting inflorescences of medicinal plants (ed. St. N 759069, class A 01 D 41/08, 1980), containing a combing drum with combs and located in its cavity tray for collecting inflorescences, and the tray is equipped with a casing of cylindrical shape, and combs with blades interacting with the surface of the casing.

 A known machine for threshing grain crops in the vine, including a stripping device, a pneumatic conveying channel placed behind it, as well as a domolating and separating device, moreover, the pneumatic conveying channel is made in the form of two chambers sequentially located along the longitudinal axis with the possibility of controlling the air flow velocity in each of them for example by means of throttles.

 The disadvantages of these machines is the design complexity, which causes difficulty in operation and repair.

 The goal is achieved by the fact that in the machine for harvesting seeds by combing plants on the vine, containing a combing drum with combs located in the casing, a grating device is installed to ensure the selection of seeds from the harvested heap. On the outside, the combs of the stripping drum are made in the form of fingers, with the inside being solid, which makes it possible to simultaneously play the role of a stripping and throwing organ, and the conveying pipeline is equipped with a movable shutter that allows feeding material directly to a receiving or grater device.

 Figure 1 shows a machine for harvesting seeds by combing plants on the root, in which the shutter closes the conveying pipeline and directs the heap into the grate device; figure 2 machine for harvesting seeds by combing plants on the vine, in which the shutter closes the entrance to the grater device and allows you to transport the heap directly to the receiving device.

 The machine for harvesting seeds by combing plants on the vine contains a combing drum 1 with combs 2, a casing 3 placed on the frame 4, a reducer 5, a conveying pipe 6, a grater device 7. The latter contains a drive disk 8 with blades 9, a distribution cone 10 and pins 11, a fixed disk 12 (the cover of a grater device) with a loading window 13 and pins 14, a movable shutter 15, unloading devices 16, 17, a receiving device 18.

 The working process of the machine for cleaning seeds by combing plants on the vine is as follows. The cleaning drum 1 with combs 2, located in the casing 3, located on the frame 4, is driven into rotation through the gearbox 5 from the tractor PTO. Moreover, due to its design (combs are made in the form of fingers on the outside, and solid in the form of fingers), combs 2 of the combing drum 1 comb the seeds and throw them into the transport pipeline 6.

 In the conveying pipeline in the area of the grate device, a rotary damper 15 is installed.

 When the movable shutter 15 is in an upright position, it overlaps the cross-section of the conveying pipeline and allows the heap and pyzhin to get inside the grater device 7 through the loading window 13, which also contributes to the discharge created by the blades 9 of the drive disk 8. The cone 10 of the drive disk 8 evenly distributes the seeds and pyzhin along its surface. Seeds and pizhina fall into the gaps between the pins 11 of the drive disk 8 and the pins 14 of the fixed disk 12, are wiped, come off by the centrifugal forces from the drive disk 8, are picked up by the flow of air created by the blades 9 and carried away through the unloading device 18.

 When the movable shutter 15 is in a horizontal position, it closes the loading window 13 of the grating device 7. At the same time, the heap and pyzhin unhindered due to the firewood effect created by the combs 2 of the combing drum are carried away via the conveying pipe 6 and the unloading device 17 to the receiving device 18.

 When using the proposed machine for harvesting seeds by combing plants on the vine, seed losses will be reduced and its design simplified.

Claims (2)

 1. MACHINE FOR HARVESTING SEEDS BY THE METHOD OF CLEANING PLANTS ON THE ROOT, containing a combing drum with combs located in the casing, a transporting pipe located behind it, a working body for separating seeds from a combed heap and a receiving device, characterized in that the working body for separating seeds from the combed the heap is made in the form of a centrifugal type grate device located in the conveying pipe behind the stripping drum, while its axis of rotation is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the stripper guide drum, and a grating device location area in the conveying pipe is installed butterfly valve.  2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the combs are made in the form of fingers on the outside, and are solid with the inside.

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