RU2047300C1 - Method for carrying out psychophysiologic correction of alcohol dependence - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves carrying out group suggestion followed with individual one, sensory stimulation including mechanical action applied to upper median zone of superciliary arches until pain reaction develops and acupuncture or acupressure irritation of the points, inducing vertigo and dysphagia phenomena, until marked vegetative responses appear. Psychotherapy treatment is applied and herbal decoction with added sage-brush exerting sedative effect is administered per os. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment. 4 cl

Description

 The invention relates to medicine and can be used in narcological practice for the treatment and prevention of alcoholism.

 Alcoholism, as a disease, is characterized by a combination of mental and somatic disorders resulting from alcohol abuse.

 To combat the craving for alcohol, various emetics are used (apomorphine, emtin, teturam, etc.). Aversion to alcohol is produced by combining emetics with small doses of alcohol.

 However, during treatment, side effects of drugs are often observed, first of all, asthenic and allergic reactions, liver damage, and thrombosis of cerebral vessels are also possible.

 Currently, the most promising is the system of individualized psychotherapeutic effects, and drugs are an integral part of this system. In practice, hypnotherapy, effective stress psychotherapy, group psychotherapy, and mediated psychotherapy techniques are used.

 A known method of reflex and emotional stress therapy, in which reflexology is used by cauterization of biologically active points.

 However, this method does not allow to achieve long-term remission in patients of the II-III stage of alcoholism.

 The closest and selected as a prototype is a method of treating alcoholism, which consists in creating a negative conditioned reflex for alcohol using group suggestive action, an individual hypnotic session of stress therapy, irritation of the vagus and trigeminal nerves with mechanical pressure on the Vallee points, irrigation of the surface of the pharynx and oral cavity chloroethyl with simultaneous imperative suggestion of a psychological attitude.

 The disadvantage of this method is also a low level of remissions.

 The aim of the invention was to improve the method of treatment of alcoholism by enhancing and changing the nature of the stress response.

 The essence of the method is the formation of a negative conditioned reflex to alcohol using group suggestive exposure followed by an individual hypnotic session of stress therapy, in which increase anxiety level by verbal suggestion with a simultaneous effect on reflexogenic zones and acupuncture points until pronounced vegetative reactions occur, against which inspire an anti-alcohol code, repeat the self-awareness formula and administer an orally decoction soothing herbs with the addition of wormwood.

 The method is as follows.

 Patients selected for treatment are conveniently accommodated and have a collective-group conversation, during which they talk about physical and mental disorders that occur when drinking alcohol. They talk in detail about mental disorders. Using concrete examples, they clearly, emotionally describe the clinic of the polytropic disintegration of the personality with continued drinking.

 In general, the conversation should be aimed at the formation and strengthening of the motivation for refusing alcohol and the need for treatment. At the same time, they convince the patient that alcoholism is a disease that can be cured.

 By consistently repeating suggestions, they achieve an increase in the level of anxiety, and the duration of the lecture for 2.5-3 hours should emotionally bore patients.

 Then proceed to individual work with each patient.

In a personal conversation, the duration of alcoholization, degree of addiction, specific manifestations of alcoholism, social consequences, methods and quality of previous treatment, causes of treatment failure, mental and physical health are revealed. Using the information received, with the help of motivated suggestions, they help the patient activate and develop three-link settings, emphasize the vital importance of his decision. At the conclusion of the conversation, the patient must himself prove and convince the doctor of the need to exclude alcohol from his life, i.e. have a psychological attitude to sobriety of their own origin. Against this background, the patient decides for how long he wants to be encoded. After that form a self-awareness formula, which should contain short answers to the following questions;
1. What is your name?
2. How old are you?
3. What are you treated for?
4. For how long are encoded?
Thus, the self-awareness formula psychologically combines personality characteristics with a decision.

 Before proceeding to the next stage of treatment, suggestibility tests are performed. For this purpose, any tests can be used, for example: they suggest imagining how to cut a lemon and put a slice in the mouth and, if it is possible to cause excessive salivation, the patient feels acid in the mouth; suggest impossibility to unclench hands or use the effect, convincing the patient that the doctor’s hand is able to attract the patient’s body, and if the patient cannot open his hands or his torso deviates towards the doctor’s hand, the patient is inspired.

 After that, if necessary, the patient’s suggestibility is increased and the body is put on standby for the perception of the pro-alcohol code, including generalized sensory stimulation, realized through the simultaneous sharp irritation of sensitive cranial nerves with nuclei in the brain stem.

 To do this, the patient is seated in a forced position with a straightened back with his head thrown back. Such a pose enhances salivation, causes a spasm, which increases emotional tension. Then carry out mechanical irritation (pressure) in the middle upper part of the superciliary arches to a pronounced pain reaction. At the same time, using acupuncture or acupressure, one or several points of the meridian of three heaters TR 16, 18, 22, 23 are selectively excited, which cause tension of the muscles of the neck, tinnitus, headache, dizziness; points of the posterior middle meridian VG 18, 22, which increase drowsiness and dizziness, points of the meridian of the gallbladder VB 7, 14, 21, 24; points of the stomach meridian E 2, 7, 11, 12; point of the small intestine meridian IG 17 and liver meridian points F 13, 14, the irritation of which can cause additional shortness of breath, suffocation, spasm of the diaphragm, etc.

 The effect is carried out before a pronounced autonomic reaction, it can be pallor of the skin, tachycardia up to 20% of the initial value, etc. At the same time, they inspire fear of drinking alcohol, which is psychologically associated with vegetative disorders caused.

 At the time of an afferent attack, a sharp change in the emotional state is clinically observed, up to short-term amnesia. In a state of altered consciousness, an anti-alcohol dominant is formed that determines the subsequent lifestyle. Therefore, in the process of sensory stimulation, various suggestions of suggestion (direct and indirect) are used, the self-awareness formula and the formula reflecting the psychological disposition for refusing alcohol (code) are repeatedly repeated, then 50.0 ml of decoction of soothing herbs is orally administered with the addition of wormwood, for example, the following composition, g: peppermint (leaves) 30; motherwort five-bladed (grass) 20; valerian medicinal (root) 20; wormwood (grass) 30.

 10 g (1-2 tablespoons) of the mixture, pour 200 ml (1 cup) of hot boiled water, heated in a water bath for 30 minutes, cooled at room temperature for 10 minutes, filtered, the volume of the resulting broth is brought to a boil with boiled water to 200 ml.

 The broth performs a double function, i.e. the bitter taste of wormwood allows you to further reinforce the negative conditioned reflex to alcohol with a taste of bitterness, and soothing herbs relieve vegetative disorders and bring the patient out of stress.

 After the procedure, the patient is recommended for 1-3 hours not to take food and liquids, do not smoke, which also enhances the therapeutic effect of the procedure and confidence in the dangers of drinking alcohol.

 In case of a craving for alcohol, increased irritability, the appearance of alcoholic dreams, neurotic disorders during the period of the code, the patient is advised to seek advice. This allows you to maintain a state of fear of drinking alcohol for a long time and selectively conduct additional exposure.

 Examples of the method.

 PRI me R 1. Patient A. 38 years old, secondary education, normosthenic, of the diseases noted traumatic brain injury with residual effects in the form of microorganic symptoms, suffered pneumonia in childhood, heredity burdened (father and mother suffered from chronic alcoholism) , in childhood, physically and mentally developed normally, the experience of alcoholization is 18 years, binges appeared about 10 years ago. Last drink 3 days ago.

 Of the complaints, early waking, irritability, acorexia, and craving for alcohol are noted.

 Objectively: the face is slightly hyperemic, the tongue is moderately covered with a whitish coating, the liver is compacted, the stomach is slightly swollen, P 80 beats. at 1 min, blood pressure 140/85, vesicular breathing, slight tremor of the fingers.

 After a group conversation, the patient expressed a desire to get rid of a bad habit and realized the need for treatment.

 In an individual conversation, he expressed a desire to stop drinking alcohol for 3 years.

 The self-awareness formula is formulated: "I, Kolya, 38 years old, I will get rid of alcoholism for 3 years." Tests showed that the patient inspire.

 Then, a suggestive effect of alcohol intolerance by the body was carried out. At the same time, sharp mechanical pressure was applied in the region of the middle upper part of the superciliary arches to a pronounced pain reaction with subsequent pressing of acupuncture points located in the region of the shoulder girdle, neck, head TR 16, 18, 22, 23; VC 22; VB 21; E 7, 11, 12; VB 14; IG 17. After 7 min, a pronounced vegetative reaction occurred in the form of a mild pallor of the skin, hyperhidrosis, tachycardia. Behavioral reactions indicated that the patient was in a state of mild trance. Suggestion was continued, while periodically repeating the formulas of self-awareness and the psychological attitude to sober life. Then the patient drank a decoction of soothing herbs and noted an unpleasant bitter taste. The resulting sensation was verbally associated with intolerance to alcohol by the body.

 After 15 minutes, the pulse is 82 beats in 1 minute, the skin is slightly pale. The patient noted a complete disappearance of craving for alcohol. He was recommended for 1 hour to refrain from eating food, liquids, smoking.

 Remission was 2 years 8 months (coded for 3 years), after which irritability appeared, dreams were dreamed associated with drinking. After treatment, a repeated coding procedure was carried out according to the described method, a remission was achieved.

 PRI me R 12. Patient B. Age 56 years old, hypersthenic, higher education, sick hr. gastritis, hr. enteritis, hr. hepatitis, smokes. Complaints of alcohol addiction, superficial sleep, recurrent headaches, mild thirst, mild tremor of the fingers. Last drink 5 days ago.

 Objectively: the face is hyperemic, the tongue is densely covered with a tan bloom. The liver is densified, 4 cm protrudes from under the edge of the costal arch in the midclavicular line. The abdomen is swollen, physiological administration in N, HELL 140/90, P 92 beats. in 1 min.

 Alcoholism experience 22 years, binges appeared about 12 years ago. After the lecture, the patient realized the need to be treated for alcoholism. At the stage of individual exposure, he expressed a desire to be encoded for 3 years.

 The procedure was started with suggestion of alcohol intolerance to the liver. With the help of verbal exposure with simultaneous mechanical stimulation of reflexogenic zones in the area of superciliary arches and points E 2.9; VB 17.24; VC 18; F 13, 14, after 5 minutes vegetative reactions appeared in the form of tachycardia and hyperhidrosis. To achieve the required level of creation change, non-contact massage techniques were performed by press pumping and then energy distribution. At the same time, the suggestive effect with periodic pronunciation of the self-awareness formula and the anti-alcohol code continued. At this time, behavioral reactions indicated that the patient was in a state of mild trance. In conclusion, the patient drank a decoction of sedative herbs, noted a bitter taste, which was psychologically associated with intolerance to alcohol.

 Status after encoding: P 96 beats. in 1 min, HELL 145/90, the skin is slightly pale, increased sweating.

 After coding, the patient notes the complete disappearance of the craving for alcohol.

 The patient fully withstood the coding period and on his own initiative does not drink alcohol after the coding period expires 1 year 9 months. The total experience of sobriety is 4 years 9 months (3 g coding and 1 g 9 months after the end of the coding term).

 Using the proposed method, a correction of the alcohol dependence of varying severity was carried out in 368 patients.

 The criterion for evaluating the effectiveness was the number of remissions for more than one year, as is accepted today in narcological practice, regardless of the level of clinical and social compensation. Such remissions were achieved in 73.38% of the number of remissions lasting more than one year, their duration was: more than three years 33.7% more than two years 41.5% more than one year 24.8% In most cases, the level of compensation was high, and remissions are persistent enough. At the same time, approximately every sixth remission was characterized by unstable compensation, which was expressed in the variability of the condition of patients, asthenic and affective disorders.

 T. about. sufficient efficiency of the developed method is manifested in a significant number of high-quality remissions and their greater duration.

Claims (4)

 1. METHOD OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CORRECTION OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE, including a group suggestive effect, a hypnotic session of stress therapy, an effect on reflexogenic zones with simultaneous imperative suggestion of an anti-alcohol code and drug administration, characterized by the fact that the patient’s group expresses self-determination increase anxiety by verbal suggestion with simultaneous irritation of the middle upper ca the superciliary arches before the onset of a pain reaction and acupuncture points that cause dizziness and dysphagia before the appearance of vegetative reactions; against this background, suggestion is continued, the formula of self-awareness and the anti-alcohol code is repeatedly repeated, and as a medicine, a decoction of herbs with a calming effect with the addition of wormwood is administered orally.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the self-consciousness formula reflects the psychological combination of personality characteristics with the decision made and includes the name, age, name of the pathology that the patient wants to get rid of and the coding period.  3. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that to induce vegetative reactions using acupuncture or acupressure, the meridian points of three heaters TR-16, 18, 22, 23 are excited; points of the posterior median meridian VG-18, 22; points of the meridian of the gallbladder VB-7, 14, 21, 24; points of the stomach meridian E-2, 7, 11, 12; point of the small intestine meridian IG-17 and liver meridian point F-13, 14.  4. The method according to PP. 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the composition of herbs is used as a decoction of herbs, including% peppermint (leaves) 30, motherwort five-bladed (grass) 20, medicinal valerian (root) 20, wormwood (grass) 30.