RU190750U1 - MODULE OF REMOVING INFORMATION ON THE POSITION OF THE ELEMENT OF THE DESIGN FOR THE SYSTEM OF MONITORING THE CONDITION OF THE ELEMENTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the measurement technique, namely to the means of monitoring the state of the structures of artificial structures. The module is a housing to which three gyroscopes and three accelerometers are rigidly attached, fixed in a position where the sensitivity axes form mutually orthogonal trihedra, a device for transmitting captured data, and service electronics that ensure their operation.

Description

The utility model relates to the operation and construction of structures, in particular, systems that monitor the state of structural elements, their location, the state of structures that include such elements, and also monitor the location of structures in which such a system is installed relative to a given coordinate system.

Currently known systems described in the patents RU 2140625 C1, RU 2163009 C2 and RU 2557343 C2, the principle of which is based on the use of microseismic data. These systems make it possible to monitor the vibrations of structural elements and, using a system of mathematical algorithms, to make calculations, on the basis of which conclusions can be drawn about the state of both the monitored structural elements and the entire structure.

The main disadvantages of such systems is the impossibility of observing the slow linear and angular movements of the structural elements and the structures themselves.

The absence of such data does not allow to control changes in the state of the structure, which occur, for example, under the influence of climatic conditions, such as an increase in the cycles of freezing and thawing per year. Meanwhile, such effects lead to distortion of the geometric shapes of elements, for example, bending or swelling, which affects their strength. Or the influence of short-term dynamic loads, such as the passage of subway trains under the building, on the geometric position of its elements.

Known systems do not respond to the slow movement of soils under the structure, which also leads to the displacement of structural elements. This factor is especially important in the conditions of dense urban development with a huge variety of communications and underground structures located both under the building and near it.

In the modern city almost the entire surface is covered with asphalt or granite. This leads to the dilution and erosion of the soil, resulting in the formation of karst pits and begin to move the foundations of buildings. Considering that buildings such as the underground are located under buildings, inadmissible displacement of a building can lead to a redistribution of the load and collapse of its structures.

Known systems do not allow to control the displacement of elements relative to their design provisions. Such control is especially important in tunnels at the places where rivers and watered soils pass.

The claimed utility model allows solving problems in organizing monitoring of most possible changes in the structures of structures, as well as creating global tracking systems for the movements of structures in which they are installed. This will improve the safety of buildings and structures, ensure timely response to changes in structures and their repair, collect statistical data on dynamic loads and soil movements for their subsequent consideration in the design.

The claimed technical results are achieved by using a module for retrieving information about the position of a structural element for a system for monitoring the state of structural elements, which is a body to which three gyroscopes and three accelerometers are rigidly attached, fixed in a position where the axes of sensitivity form mutually orthogonal trihedrons, the transfer device being removed data and service electronics, ensuring their work.

The module is used in the system of non-destructive monitoring of the state of structures, including at least one inertial measurement module designed to be mounted on a monitored structural element, allowing to measure angular and linear movements of at least the place where this module is mounted, and provides the ability to transfer captured data, the data receiving unit, which receives data from at least one measuring module, the unit for analyzing the incoming data for compliance with the specified parameters, a signal conditioning unit that controls the device shutdown system and / or devices that cause the movement of the monitored element of the structure, and / or a signal that controls the alert system of reaching the set values and / or exceeding them, and / or the access closure system by at least structures in which at least one structural element is monitored in case of achievement and / or exceeding of specified parameters.

Movement parameters are defined as linear and / or angular displacements of a structural element characterized by temporal trends, amplitudes, and frequencies.

The specified parameters are valid element offset values.

At least one measuring module is installed on the critical structural element and / or at least one measuring module is installed at the location of the structural element where the greatest movement of the structural element is possible and / or at the place where the movement of the structural element causes the largest risks of violating the integrity of this element of the structure or structure in which this element is used.

The installation site of the module is selected taking into account possible impact factors and / or real impact factors.

The modules establish a quantity that allows you to control all the critical structural elements of the controlled structure or the entire volume of the structure or the integrity of the structure.

The unit for analyzing the incoming data for compliance with the specified parameters provides the ability to analyze information from several modules. When analyzing it, one takes into account the error of indications and / or additional factors that influence movement parameters.

Data in the analysis unit is received continuously or only in case of changes in the monitored parameters.

Data from the measuring module is transmitted via wired and / or wireless communication channels.

The inertial measurement module is a combination of three gyroscopes and three accelerometers rigidly mounted on a common body in such a way that their axes of sensitivity form mutually orthogonal trihedrons.

Gyroscopes are laser gyroscopes with a vibrating frequency base or micromechanical gyroscopes.

Accelerometers are quartz accelerometers.

The service electronics of the module ensures its functioning and preliminary processing of information.

And the system itself can be used in the tracking system for the location of the structure, including at least one inertial measurement module, designed to be installed on at least one element included in the structure, the offset of which indicates the displacement of the entire structure relative to the original positions in a given coordinate system, providing the ability to measure linear displacements relative to a given coordinate system, or providing the ability to measure angular displacements relative to a given coordinate system, or providing the ability to measure linear and angular displacements relative to a given coordinate system, and providing the ability to transfer the captured data, the data receiving unit, which receives data from at least one measuring module, the incoming data analysis unit, providing wrap data received in order to establish the displacement of the structure relative to the initial position or relative to adjacent structures or relative to coordinates.

Measuring modules are installed in at least two adjacent structures.

The unit of analysis of incoming data provides the ability to analyze data from several measurement modules.

Data from the measuring module is transmitted via wired and / or wireless communication channels.

The inertial measurement module is a combination of three gyroscopes and three accelerometers rigidly mounted on a common body in such a way that their axes of sensitivity form mutually orthogonal trihedrons.

Gyroscopes are laser gyroscopes with a vibrating frequency base or micromechanical gyroscopes.

Accelerometers are quartz accelerometers.

The service electronics of the module ensures its functioning and preliminary processing of information.

The utility model is as follows.

On critical structural elements of the structure, in places where the greatest shifts or distortions are likely, inertial measurement modules are installed, each of which includes at least:

- three accelerometers,

- three gyros,

- service electronics, ensuring their work,

- data processing unit, which determines the parameters of linear and angular motion (amplitude and frequency);

- a data transmission and / or indication unit that transfers information to the monitoring system in the case of using the module in the system and / or indicating the measurements taken in the case of using the module as an autonomous control device. Such modules allow to obtain data on the angular and linear displacements of the element on which they are installed, relative to its initial position in a given coordinate system. Modules of this design are able to capture information necessary to predict the life of a structural element based on the influence of external non-intensive or weak one-off effects, such as passing public transport, moving elevators or very slow displacement caused by the production of nearby construction works.

Then, the received data from the modules included in the monitoring system is transmitted to the server, where they are processed for compliance with the specified values, which are data about the design position of the element and unacceptable deviation of the element from the design position.

If the data is different, the system responds to this discrepancy, and signals are generated that characterize the current state of the control object and notify about the need for repair, and in case of unacceptable deviation - about the evacuation of people. A system may be implemented that blocks access to the emergency facility or to a part of this facility.

At the same time, the modules ensure the operability of all functions regardless of the satellite signal availability, removal and transmission of stable and high-precision indicators, a design that withstands stable geometric parameters for a long time, which is necessary for such modules, due to the complexity of their dismantling after installation prior to generating a mortgaged resource.

An example implementation of an inertial measurement module.

The inertial measurement module is a combination of three gyroscopes, for example, laser with a vibration frequency stand LG-1, and three accelerometers, for example, quartz type AK-15 rigidly mounted on a common body, so that their axes of sensitivity form mutually orthogonal trihedra . The service electronics of the module ensures its functioning and preliminary processing of information.

It should be noted that the existing methods and means of control allow only to state the fact of the changes that have already occurred, and not the very gradual or abrupt displacement of structural elements relative to the design position and their integrity. This leads to significant labor and financial costs in the repair and operation of such structures. In addition, at present, the inspection of structures takes place according to the time, which is defined by regulatory acts. Such monitoring does not allow for timely response to changes in the structure of a building or structure that have occurred, for example, under the influence of climatic conditions (currently in Moscow freeze-thaw cycles are constantly increasing over the year) or under the influence of an emergency (hurricane, blast wave, etc.). ).

The use of the claimed system will allow monitoring the life of the structure, which will allow departing from the existing control system in time established by regulatory acts and introduce an objective control system based on the actual state of the structures. This will reduce operating costs, labor costs and increase the safety of buildings and structures.

This problem is particularly relevant in the conditions of the modern metropolis, when the control of the state of the facilities is entrusted to management companies whose diligent work causes doubts. Such a system will allow inspection bodies to take readings recorded in the memory of an electronic storage medium with secure access, and make decisions about the choice of the company's punishment to the offender on the basis of objective data that can be taken into account in court proceedings.

In case the system is installed on such elements as the foundation or supporting columns, it is possible to record data on the displacements of the building relative to the initial position. This indicates that ground movements have occurred. Accordingly, if there is such an opportunity, then it is necessary to take measures to strengthen the ground or redistribute the load from the building, by making changes in the structure of the building or by eliminating the factor causing such loads, for example, going to a high-speed elevator, and if not, dismantling the building. Moreover, the data on the means causing the load are also indirectly recorded by the system, since the nature of the dynamic effects of each tool is determined by simple algorithms.

The introduction of such a system is important, for example, for such objects as Moscow State University or “Scarlet Sails”, since Such a system will allow to accurately register the acceleration of the complex’s creeping towards the river. Possession of such information will allow in a timely manner to increase the capacity of the refrigeration units located under such problem objects.

Currently in Moscow there are unfinished objects that can not be completed due to the lack of data on the possible dynamic effects on the structure and their intensity. The system provides the ability to obtain data on external dynamic influences, such as wind disturbances and vibration from passing vehicles, which is especially important in places where tram tracks and subway lines pass. Moreover, the system can simultaneously accumulate data on the loads acting on the element and geometric distortions of the elements and structures being monitored. Based on the analysis of these data, data are generated on short-term, medium-term and permanent loads that affect the state of the elements in the area. Accounting for such data in urban planning and building design will create a more reliable urban system and plan more comfortable living conditions for residents.

In addition, the installation of such a system in underground structures will allow monitoring of its location in space, which will ensure timely response to the displacement of docking points, such as communication holes or connecting transition points in underground structures.

It should be noted that the system is able to register all of the above indicators continuously and simultaneously. Those. The resulting dataset will allow you to constantly monitor the changes. This will make it possible to react to any emergency situation on a city-wide scale and carry out a forecast of the consequences caused by emergency situations. Not to mention the fact that the array of information received can be used to create a global system for monitoring the state of urban buildings, taking into account the influence of transport systems and other factors, as well as improve the system of urban planning, because

Impacts affecting the comfortable conditions of people in buildings will be taken into account.

If such a system is introduced into most urban structures, it will be possible to reduce the cost and material intensity of construction based on the determination of the real safety factor.

When creating a communication system between systems installed in different cities, it is possible to measure the movements of the earth's crust. It is possible that the global monitoring system for the movements of the controlled objects will contribute to the prediction of earthquakes.

With the help of such a system, it is possible to control the geometrical position of elements of equipment and machines, for example, tower cranes and amusement rides. Such monitoring will allow to respond in a timely manner to an abnormal situation due to their excessive deviation or external influence.

The system is applicable to monitoring buildings and structures, bridges, construction cranes, amusement rides, military facilities, heat, gas, electricity, nuclear power plants, dams and other facilities.

The capabilities of the proposed system are not exhausted by the above list and now only those that have been identified in the process of analyzing existing systems for monitoring the condition of structures have been studied.

Claims (1)

A module for retrieving information about the position of a structural element for a system for monitoring the state of structural elements, which is a body to which three gyroscopes and three accelerometers are rigidly attached, fixed in a position where the sensitivity axes form mutually orthogonal trihedrons, the data transfer device and service electronics providing them work