RU196555U1 - SELF-RESCUE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to personal respiratory protection and is intended for individual protection of the respiratory system and human vision from toxic combustion products during evacuation from the premises during a fire (accident), as well as in an atmosphere with a low oxygen content or in the absence thereof. The technical result provided by the utility model is to increase the safety and reliability of the self-rescuer through the use of a starting device, as well as the ability to ensure a snug fit to the face of the half mask mounted in the hood. This result is achieved by the fact that in the self-rescuer, according to the utility model, the regenerative cartridge is equipped with a starting device in the form of a starting briquette and an ampoule with starting liquid, the breathing hose is connected to the respiratory isolation unit in the form of a hood and the half mask placed in it, connected to the breathing hose, is fixed on the half mask a pipe with a recuperative heat exchanger installed in it, a coupler mounted on the pipe equipped with buckles in which tension belts are installed, one of the ends of which mounted on the hood, the breathing bag in the upper part is equipped with a belt loop attached to the corrugated hose, and the body of the regenerative cartridge is connected by belts to the hood. The application of the proposed utility model improves the reliability and ease of use of the self-rescuer. 2 s.p. f-ly, 8 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to personal respiratory protection and is intended for individual protection of the respiratory and human eyes from toxic combustion products during evacuation from the premises during a fire (accident), as well as in an atmosphere with a low oxygen content or in the absence thereof.

At present, self-rescuers operating according to the pendulum and circular circuits of air circulation are known. Among the first can be mentioned, in particular, self-rescuer for A.S. USSR No. 1677895, among the second - self-rescuer by A.S. USSR No. 195324.

In general terms, the principle of operation of the self-rescuer with the pendulum scheme of air circulation is based on the fact that the breathing gas mixture (hereinafter referred to as DGS) passes twice through the regenerative cartridge as part of the self-rescuer, while the temperature of the inhaled gas mixture increases significantly, but the concentration of CO decreases significantly in the latter ₂ . On the contrary, the principle of operation of the self-rescuer with a circular pattern of air circulation implies a single passage of DHS through the regenerative cartridge in the self-rescuer, which results in a low temperature of the inhaled gas mixture and an increase in the concentration of CO ₂ in such a mixture. Regardless of the air circulation scheme used, the functioning of well-known self-rescuers is based on the use of chemically bound oxygen for breathing, for the isolation of which, in the regenerative cartridges, potassium superoxide - KO ₂ (hereinafter referred to as the regenerative product) is used as a product for the regeneration of the respiratory mixture (see. , in particular, the USSR AS No. 1677895)

The disadvantages of the air circulation circuits used in self-rescuers are mentioned above - this is the relationship between the parameters of the indicators of CO ₂ concentration and the temperature of the inhaled mixture and the dependence of these parameters (limiting the time of the protective action of the device) on the air circulation scheme, which, in turn, is determined by the design of the device.

The self-rescuer (RF patent for PM 128112, IPC АВВ 7/00, published: 05/20/2013) contains a regenerative cartridge with a regenerative product; a breathing hose connected to the regenerative cartridge through an air flow distributor and provided with a respiratory isolation unit in the form of a mouthpiece; a breathing bag with an overpressure valve connected to the regenerative cartridge and to the breathing hose via a breathing valve; while the regenerative product is made in the form of tablets. Such a design is inherent in self-rescuers with a pendulum circulation circuit of the DGS.

A disadvantage of the known utility model is the design of the site of isolation of the respiratory system, which is made in the form of a mouthpiece, the use of which requires an additional nose clip. Such a node does not protect the face and head of the user from the effects of heating in case of fire and toxic substances in various accidents, complicates voice communication and requires special training of the user. Another disadvantage is the use of a regenerative product in the form of tablets, since tabletting is a more expensive operation than granulation, and does not ensure uniformity of the regenerative product during the operation of the self-rescuer due to the uneven density of the tablets. The density of the tablets depends on the accuracy of dosing the product into the mold, on the pressing pressure, on the pressing temperature and on other factors, including humidity, physico-chemical and other characteristics of the feedstock. With underpressing, the regenerative product works more actively, but its mechanical strength decreases, with repressing, on the contrary, the regenerative product works worse, and the tablets are too durable. During the work of the regenerative cartridge with tablets having an unequal density, a leakage of untreated air through the layer of the regenerative product can occur, which significantly reduces the protective action time (VZD) of the self-rescuer. The well-known self-rescuer is made without a starting device, which dramatically reduces the reliability of its launch at low temperatures.

The technical result provided by the utility model is to reduce the cost of the regenerative product and to increase the safety and reliability of the self-rescuer through the use of a starting device, as well as the ability to ensure a snug fit to the face of the half mask placed in the hood.

The indicated result is achieved in that in a self-rescuer containing a regenerative cartridge with a regenerative product, connected through a switchgear to the respiratory isolation unit via a corrugated hose, a breathing bag with an overpressure valve connected to the regenerative cartridge, according to a utility model, the regenerative cartridge is equipped with a starting device in the form of a starting briquette and an ampoule with starting liquid, the breathing hose is connected to the respiratory organs isolation unit in the form of a hood and the half-mask placed in it, connected to the breathing hose by a nozzle fixed to the half-mask with a recuperative heat exchanger installed in it, a coupler is installed on the nozzle, equipped with buckles in which tension belts are installed, one of the ends of which is fixed to the hood, the breathing bag in the upper part is equipped with a loops, mounted on a corrugated hose, and the body of the regenerative cartridge is connected by belts with a hood.

The regenerative cartridge may be enclosed in a protective belt of elastic material.

The viewing window of the hood may be provided with an anti-fog film fixed to the inside of the viewing window.

Between the distinguishing features and the achieved technical result, there is the following causal relationship.

Providing a regenerative cartridge with a starting device in the form of a starting briquette and an ampoule with starting liquid provides:

- oxygen supply in the first minutes of turning on the self-rescuer;

- heating the regenerative product to activate its work;

- initial filling of the breathing bag with oxygen to ensure breathing in the self-rescuer immediately after turning it on.

The connection of the breathing hose to the respiratory isolation unit in the form of a hood and a half-mask placed inside it, connected to the breathing hose by a nozzle fixed to the half-mask with a recuperative heat exchanger installed in it, provides:

- the convenience of using the self-rescuer, including providing the opportunity for the user to negotiate;

- the convenience of using a self-rescuer user with glasses;

- cooling the inhaled air to a comfortable temperature;

- reduction of resistance to breathing and the exclusion of saliva in the corrugated tube.

Installation on the nozzle of a coupler equipped with buckles in which tensioning belts are installed, one of the ends of which is fixed to the hood, provides:

- uniform fit of the half mask to the face of the user, excluding air leaks from the environment;

- the ability to regulate the pressing force of the half mask, which is necessary for users with hair (beard, mustache) on the face.

The supply of the breathing bag in the upper part with a belt loop fixed to the corrugated hose and the connection of the regenerative cartridge with belts with a hood increase the convenience of using the self-rescuer by fixing the breathing bag and the regenerative cartridge relative to the hood.

The inclusion of a regenerative cartridge in a protective belt of elastic material provides increased safety during the operation of the self-rescuer due to the elimination of burns if the user inadvertently touches the heated wall of the regenerative cartridge.

The supply of the viewing window of the hood with an anti-fog film fixed on the inside of the viewing window provides the possibility of using the self-rescuer in the cold season at low ambient temperatures.

According to the information available to the applicant, the set of essential features of the claimed utility model is not known from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that the claimed object meets the criterion of "novelty."

The set of essential features characterizing the essence of the utility model can be repeatedly used in the production of various modifications of self-rescuers to obtain a technical result consisting in increasing efficiency and reliability, which allows us to conclude that the claimed object meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The utility model is illustrated by the following drawings:

in FIG. 1 shows a general view of the self-rescuer, a front view;

in FIG. 2 shows a general view of a self-rescuer, a side view;

in FIG. 3 shows a design of a hood, front view;

in FIG. 4 shows a design of a hood, side view;

in FIG. 5 shows the connection of the nozzle to the corrugated tube and the connection of the hood to the breathing bag;

in FIG. 6 shows a view of a heat exchanger;

in FIG. 7 shows the design of the starting device (ampoule mount);

in FIG. 8 shows the appearance of a sealed bag with a self-rescuer.

The list of items indicated in the drawings:

1 - hood;

2 - half mask;

3 - viewing window;

4 - obturator;

5 - pipe;

6 - heat exchanger;

7 - regenerative cartridge;

8 - switchgear;

9 - corrugated tube;

10 - starting device;

11 - a protective belt;

12 - screed;

13 - tension tape;

14 - buckle;

15 - tape mounting unit on the hood;

16 - a respiratory bag;

17 - overpressure valve;

18 - loops;

19 - neck strap;

20 - package;

21 - incision on the package.

The self-rescuer contains a hood 1, in which the half mask 2 is fixed, and on the side surface there is a viewing window 3, on the inner surface of which a fog-resistant film (not shown) is fixed. In the lower part of the hood, an obturator 4 is fixed around the outer perimeter, made of latex material or molded from rubber with minimal rigidity. In the obturator 4, a pipe 5 is fixed with a heat exchanger 6 installed in it, made in the form of a spiral from a profiled strip of aluminum foil. The regenerative cartridge 7 is equipped with a dispenser 8, which is connected by a corrugated tube 9 to a pipe 5 and a starting device 10, which usually includes a starting briquette and an ampoule with non-freezing liquid (not shown). The outer surface of the regenerative cartridge 7 is enclosed in a protective belt 11 made of a material with low thermal conductivity. A screed 12 is installed on the pipe 5, preferably made of nylon, it is provided with a central hole for installation on the pipe 5 and is connected to the tension tapes 13 by means of buckles 14, the opposite ends of the tension tapes 12 are fixed in the tape fastening assembly on the hood 15 located on the back of the head hood 1. The regenerative cartridge 7 is connected to a breathing bag 16 made of an elastic gas-tight material and equipped with an overpressure valve (ID) 17. Using a belt loop 18, the upper part of the breathing bag 16 is connected to the nozzle 5. The lower part of the neck strap 19 is connected to the lower part of the hood 1. The self-rescuer is assembled in a package 20 made of a film laminated composite material, which is equipped with notches 21 to facilitate opening.

Utility model work.

When a dangerous situation occurs, the package 20 is removed from the bag or container (not shown), torn along the incisions 21, and a self-rescuer is removed from it. Stretching the obturator 4 through the central opening, the hood 1 is put on the user's head so that the half mask 2 rests on the nasolabial part of the face, and the viewing window is located in front of the user's eyes. After that, using the tensioning tapes 13, the half mask 2 is adjusted. When tensioning the free ends of the tensioning tape 13, the distance between the buckles 14 mounted on the screed 12 and the tape attachment unit on the hood 15 changes. In this case, the pressure is transmitted to the half mask 5 through the screed 12. After putting the hood 1 on the user's head, the starting device 10 is turned on (by destroying the ampoule and starting the starting briquette into operation), as a result of which oxygen is generated, which passes through the regenerative cartridge 7, fills the respiratory shock 16 and through the switchgear 8, the corrugated tube 9, the pipe 5, the heat exchanger 6 and the half mask 2 is inhaled to the user.

When you exhale the air through the half mask 2, heat exchanger 6, pipe 5, corrugated tube 9 and switchgear 8 enters the regenerative cartridge 7, in which carbon dioxide and moisture are absorbed from the exhaled air by the regenerative product, and oxygen is released in a volume proportional to the volume of absorbed substances. From the regenerative cartridge 7, the DHA enters the breathing bag 16. Upon inhalation, the oxygen-rich DHA from the breathing bag 16 is recycled to the regenerative cartridge 7, where it is further cleaned of carbon dioxide and passing in the opposite direction through the switchgear 8, corrugated tube 9, pipe 5 , heat exchanger 6 and half mask 2, is supplied to the user's breath. Excess DHA from the breathing bag 16 during expiration is vented through the overpressure valve 17 into the surrounding atmosphere. The process of absorption of carbon dioxide and moisture by a regenerative product is accompanied by heat generation, therefore, during operation, the housing of the regenerative cartridge 7 and the DHS passing through it are heated. The heated body is isolated from possible contact with the user by the protective belt 11, and the heating of the DGS is reduced by means of a heat exchanger 6, which, when exhaling, takes the temperature of the exhaled air, and when inhaling the purified DGS, it absorbs heat, i.e. works in a regenerative mode. When the user moves in the self-rescuer, the breathing bag 16 and the regenerative cartridge 7 are fixed to prevent them from being displaced by the belt loop 18 and neck straps 19.

The application of the proposed utility model improves the reliability and ease of use of the self-rescuer.

Claims (3)

1. Self-rescuer containing a regenerative cartridge with a regenerative product, connected through a switchgear to the respiratory isolation unit through a corrugated hose, a breathing bag with an overpressure valve, connected to a regenerative cartridge, characterized in that the regenerative cartridge is equipped with a starting device in the form of a starting briquette and ampoules with starting fluid, the breathing hose is connected to the respiratory organs isolation unit in the form of a hood with a viewing window and a half mask placed in it, connected with a breathing hose, a pipe fixed to the half mask with a recuperative heat exchanger installed in it, a coupler is installed on the pipe, equipped with buckles in which tension belts are installed, one of the ends of which is fixed to the hood, the breathing bag in the upper part is equipped with a belt loop fixed to the corrugated hose and the case of the regenerative cartridge is connected by belts with a hood. 2. Self-rescuer according to claim 1, characterized in that the regenerative cartridge is enclosed in a protective belt of elastic material. 3. The self-rescuer according to claim 1, characterized in that the viewing window of the hood is provided with an anti-fog film fixed to the inside of the viewing window.

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