RU196048U1 - Plow body with S-shaped orthogonal section - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, and specifically to tillage implements. The plow body with an S-shaped orthogonal section contains a stand, shoe, ploughshare, field board and blade. The blade consists of the breast of the blade and wing, the working surface of the blade with sections representing S-shaped curves. The lower part is concave and the upper part is convex, the curvature of the curves of which along the orthogonal sections increases in the direction from the field edge to the furrow, and each curve of this section is variable with a decrease in its curvature in the direction of the inflection point. Sections of the working surface of the dump with secant planes orthogonal to the formation trajectory have radii of curvature that reduce the deformation of the bending of the formation and not more than the value determined by the expression: R = kab, where R is the radius of curvature, mm; k is the coefficient of proportionality characterizing the parameters of plowing; a is the depth of plowing, mm; b - width of plowing, mm. Provides a reduction in energy intensity. 5 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, and specifically to tillage implements.

Theoretical studies of the plow-dump surface are known as the development of a trihedral wedge (see L. V. Gyachev. The theory of the plow-dump surface. Zernograd, 1961). According to the results of theoretical studies, the position of the plow-blade surface in space can be characterized by two angles (Fig. 2), namely, the dihedral angle ε between the tangent plane and the bottom plane of the groove of the groove and angle γ between the trace of the tangent plane on the plane of the ho and the direction of movement of the body ( axis oh). At the same time, the movement of the soil is characterized by two types of trajectories: absolute with respect to the motionless reference system and relative along the ploughshare-dump surface itself. The direction in space of the tangent line to the relative trajectory of the formation particle at the current point (Fig. 2) is determined by two angles: the angle α between the oz axis and the projection onto the yoz plane of the tangent line AF to the relative path and the angle β between the tangent AF and the axis oh. After extension of the unfolding surface of the plow body into a plane, the relative trajectory will become a flat curve M ₁ M ₂ , and its tangent will make an angle η with the share blade in the reamer. It is at this angle that the soil layer moves along the plow-heap surface.

There are theoretical studies of the shape and parameters of loosening working bodies to reduce the energy consumption of soil cultivation (see V.I. Vetokhin. Justification of the form and parameters of loosening working bodies to reduce energy consumption for soil cultivation, dissertation of the candidate of technical sciences: 05.20.01. - Moscow, 1991 - 330 s). According to the research results, it is possible to reduce the energy intensity of tillage by reducing the speed and proportion of compression deformation, as well as by using the Bausinger effect. In this case, the mathematical description of the shape of the longitudinal profile of the working surface of the cultivator, based on the condition of uniform pressure distribution on the working surface, is given by the expression:

where y, x - respectively, the ordinate and abscissa of the axis of the reservoir;

q is the value of the uniformly distributed force acting on the formation;

- длина пласта на которой приложена распределенная сила;

- the length of the reservoir on which the distributed force is applied;

E - soil elastic modulus;

J _z - moment of inertia of the section of the reservoir.

The denominator in the presented expression shows the relationship of the shape of the longitudinal profile of the working surface of the cultivator, i.e. a change in its curvature, formation size, and physico-mechanical properties of a particular soil. Thus, to reduce the energy intensity of soil cultivation, the radius of curvature of the working surface of the plow body should be no more than a fixed value for specific parameters of the plowing process. To use the Bausinger effect, the development of the concave curvature tendency of the obtained profile of the working surface becomes convex.

Known plow body (see A. S. SU 686647, A01B 15/08, from 09.25.79), containing a ploughshare and a blade, consisting of the breast of the blade and wing, while the working surface of the blade is made so that its sections are horizontal secant planes are S-shaped curves concave toward the grooves on the chest of the blade and convex on the wing of the blade.

The disadvantage of this plow body is its high energy intensity. This is due to the fact that S-shaped curves are made horizontally, i.e. there is no coincidence of the concave-convex shape of the plough-dump surface and the trajectory of the formation. As a result of this, in addition to compressive and tensile deformation, bending deformation of the formation is added, which leads to an increase in energy consumption, since the resistance to bending of the formation significantly (6-10 times) exceeds its fracture resistance.

Known plow body (see A. S. SU 1722263, A01B 15/08, from 30.03.92 - prototype) containing a rack, shoe, ploughshare, field board and blade, consisting of the chest of the blade and wing, while the working surface of the blade made in such a way that the orthogonal sections of the surface of the heap with secant planes are S-shaped curves, the lower part being concave and the upper part convex, the curvature of the curves of which along the orthogonal sections increases in the direction from the field edge to the furrow, and each curve of this section is variable crazy sheniem of curvature in the direction of the point of inflection.

The disadvantage of this plow body is high energy intensity. This is due to the fact that S-shaped curves are made orthogonal to the surface of the blade, i.e. Also, there is no coincidence of the concave-convex shape of the plough-dump surface and the trajectory of the formation.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to reduce energy intensity.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the plow body with an S-shaped orthogonal section containing a stand, shoe, ploughshare, field board and blade, consisting of the chest of the blade and wing, while the working surface of the blade is made in such a way that its orthogonal sections with secant planes represent S-shaped curves, the lower part being concave and the upper convex, the curvature of the curves of which along the orthogonal sections increases in the direction from the field edge to the furrow, and each curve of this section change with a decrease in its curvature in the direction of the inflection point, according to a useful model, the cross sections of the working surface of the dump with cutting planes orthogonal to the tangent to the formation trajectory have radii of curvature that reduce the bending of the formation and not more than the value determined by the expression:

R = kab,

where R is the radius of curvature, mm;

k is the coefficient of proportionality characterizing the parameters of plowing;

a is the depth of plowing, mm;

b - width of plowing, mm.

The novelty of the claimed technical result is due to the fact that the orientation of the S-shaped curves of secant planes orthogonally tangent to the trajectory of the formation will significantly reduce the bending of the formation, and, therefore, reduce the energy consumption of soil cultivation.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a general view of the plow body with an S-shaped orthogonal section, in Fig. 2 is a diagram for determining the angles of interaction of the soil formation with the plow-heap surface, in Fig. 3 is a diagram of the location of the angle η in the scan between tangent to the relative trajectory of the formation and the blade share, in figure 4 - section aa, in figure 5 - section bb,

The plow body with an S-shaped orthogonal section (Fig. 1) contains a rack 1 to which the shoe 2 is attached (Fig. 4). A ploughshare 3, a field board 4 and a blade 5, which consists of the chest of blade 6, wing of blade 7, field 8 and furrow edge 9, are mounted on shoe 2. Orthogonal sections of the working surface of the blade with 5 cutting planes are S-shaped curves concave in the lower parts and convex in the upper part of the blade 5, and the curvature of the curves along the orthogonal sections increases in the direction from the field edge 8 to the furrow 9, and each curve of this section is variable with a decrease in its curvature in the direction of the inflection point (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5). In this case, the cross sections of the working surface of the blade with 5 secant planes orthogonal to the formation trajectory have radii of curvature that reduce the deformation of the bending of the formation and not more than the value determined by the expression:

R = kab,

where R is the radius of curvature, mm;

k is the coefficient of proportionality characterizing the parameters of plowing;

a is the depth of plowing, mm;

b - width of plowing, mm.

The plow body with an S-shaped orthogonal section works as follows.

When the plow body moves with an S-shaped orthogonal section, the share 3 cuts the soil layer in the horizontal plane, and the field edge 8 of the breast of the blade 6 cuts the layer in the vertical plane and feeds it to the blade 5. The relative path of the soil layer along the working surface of the blade 5 after the extension of the unfolding surface of the plow body into a plane is a flat curve M ₁ M ₂ , and its tangent will make an angle η with a ploughshare blade in the reamer (Fig. 3). Due to the fact that the cross sections of the working surface of the blade with 5 secant planes orthogonal to the tangent to the trajectory of the formation are S-shaped curves, the lower parts are concave and the upper parts are convex, the curvature of which along the orthogonal sections increases in the direction from field edge 8 to the furrow 9, and each curve of these sections is variable with a decrease in its curvature in the direction of the inflection point, with a radius of curvature of not more than the value determined by the expression:

R = kab,

where R is the radius of curvature, mm;

k is the coefficient of proportionality characterizing the parameters of plowing;

a is the depth of plowing, mm;

b - width of plowing, mm

then the angle between the generators and the wall of the furrow is constantly decreasing and can significantly reduce the deformation of the bend of the formation, which thereby reduces the resistance of the soil when it moves up it. With further movement of the soil along its relative trajectory from the chest of the blade 6 to the wing of the blade 7, due to a smooth change in the curvature of the orthogonal cutting planes to the opposite, deformation of the formation by compression in the concave section changes to deformation of the formation with extension in the convex section, which also additionally leads to a decrease energy intensity of the process. Then the soil layer is wrapped and laid on the bottom of the furrow by the wing of the blade 7. The field board 4 attached to the rack 1 through the shoe 2, due to the pressure forces of the formation on the share 1 and the blade 5, abuts against the wall of the furrow, which allows to maintain a rectilinear steady motion of the body.

Thus, the proposed plow body with an S-shaped orthogonal section ensures the achievement of a technical result.

The utility model is industrially applicable and can be implemented in a factory or other industrial enterprise.

Claims (3)

The plow body with an S-shaped orthogonal section, containing a stand, shoe, ploughshare, field board and blade, consisting of the chest of the blade and wing, the working surface of the blade with sections representing S-shaped curves, while the lower part is concave and the upper - convex, the curvature of the curves of which along the orthogonal sections increases in the direction from the field edge to the furrow, and each curve of this section is variable with a decrease in its curvature in the direction of the inflection point, characterized in that the cross section of the working surface the blade in secant planes, orthogonal to the tangent to the formation trajectory, have radii of curvature that provide a reduction in the deformation of the bend of the formation and not more than the value determined by the expression: R = kab, where R is the radius of curvature, mm; k is the coefficient of proportionality characterizing the parameters of plowing; a is the depth of plowing, mm; b - width of plowing, mm.

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