RU195219U1 - PLANTOSCOPE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical equipment, orthopedics, traumatology, rehabilitation, sports medicine and can be used to assess deformities of the feet, determine the shape of the pads in the design of pads and shoes. The plantoscope is made with the possibility of transportation in a portable disassembled form and contains a horizontal plane-parallel support plate made of optically transparent material for placing the feet, a mirror mounted under it at an angle to the support plate, and an LED lighting unit. Prefabricated plantoscope elements are four metal legs of the plantoscope, base plate, mirror and LED lighting unit. In this case, the support plate, rigidly fixed between two metal corners, is made with the possibility of collapsible fastening on four metal legs of the plantoscope. The mirror is made with the possibility of collapsible fastening on the metal legs of the plantoscope under the base plate at an angle of 15 ° to the base plate using bolts and nuts. The lighting unit is made in the form of a self-adhesive LED strip: USB LED strip SMD 3528 5 W / 220 V, for placement on the end of the base plate of transparent material from the rear surface of the planoscope with the possibility of replacing the self-adhesive LED strip with a new one if necessary. In this case, the LEDs are made in the amount of 60 pieces per meter of tape and distributed evenly on it, and the length of the tape corresponds to the length of the end face of the base plate. Additionally, the lighting unit is configured to provide operation of the device both from a 5 W / 220 V network adapter and from mobile devices (for example, a laptop, PowerBank). An increase in the number of collapsible plantoscope blocks increases the compactness and portability of the disassembled model, while at the same time ensuring a high speed of assembly of the model into working form for quick diagnostics of the condition of the feet. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to medical equipment, in particular to orthopedics, traumatology, rehabilitation and sports medicine, is designed to determine various types of foot deformities, and can also be used to determine the shape of the pads in the construction of pads and shoes.

The relevance of this utility model is determined by the high demand in clinical medicine.

Deformation and functional failure of the feet leads to many dysfunctional injuries of the musculoskeletal system not only of the feet, but also of the knee, pelvis, and spinal column. In addition, the distortion of sensory information from the mechanoreceptors of the feet leads to dystonia of the postural muscles of the body, the formation of vicious motor stereotypes and, subsequently, the appearance of pain syndromes of overload genesis of overlying supporting structures of the body.

Directly on the foot, deformations of its structures lead to hyperkeratoses, scuffs, calluses, corns, ulcers and other injuries of the soft tissues of the foot.

State of the art

A widely known device for determining the shape and size of the plantar surface of the feet, containing a base equipped with measuring rods with clamps, and a measurement unit made in the form of a bar with elastic plates on which strain gauge sensors are located. Under the pressure exerted by the weight of the human body, there is a pressing ("drowning") of the measuring rods. The known device does not allow to achieve high spatial resolution when determining the shape of the foot and requires a lot of time for the examination.

Also known is a device for visual express assessment of the state of the feet, disclosed in patent RU 2177249, 12/27/2001, consisting of a horizontal plane-parallel, made of optically transparent material support plate for placing the feet, under which, at an angle of 45 ° to it, a mirror is installed. A spatial system of optically contrasting bands is projected from the light source at a given angle onto the working surface of the support plate with a calibration plate with a flat matte reflective surface. A spatial system of optically contrasting strips is also projected onto the plantar surface of the feet mounted on the working surface of the support plate. Based on the recorded images, taking into account calibration values, a three-dimensional model of the sole surface of the feet is digitally restored. The known device provides high accuracy in determining the shape of the investigated surface. However, this technical solution requires, when using the mandatory availability of computers and appropriate software. In addition, the wetting of the feet necessary when working with the device creates additional inconvenience when examining patients.

A device is also known for diagnosing the state of the lower extremities in children (RU 185901 U1, publ. 12/21/2018, Kursk State Medical University). It consists of a transparent supporting surface located on a metal base, and a mirror under it. The metal base is cut into 2 parts, fixed using internal rods and bolted joints through welded metal corners on two opposite vertical frame posts. Two horizontal inserts are welded along the upper edge of the lower half of the frame with a hole in the center through which the metal axis passes, on which the metal frame is located with a mirror fixed with double-sided tape.

The frame on the axis is attached using metal pipes welded on both sides, through which the axis passes. To determine the angle of inclination of the mirror, a metal semicircle with holes corresponding to 0 °, 15 °, 30 °, and 45 ° of the inclination of the mirror is welded to the bottom of the right side horizontal insert. On the corresponding side of the mirror frame, a spring steel plate is welded to the pipe through which the axis passes, with a steel ball fixed at the end, which, when hit in the hole, fixes the mirror in the desired position. On the front side of the metal base of the device using bolted connections fixed U-shaped handle coated with foamed polymer. The technical result of the known utility model is the possibility of examining patients at different angles of inclination of the mirror, the possibility of transporting equipment in a non-specialized vehicle, and increasing stability during the study of young children.

However, this model is not collapsible, which does not provide its convenience during transportation and reduces the availability of research, diagnostics in distant places and areas.

A device for the diagnosis of flat feet in children and adolescents "PhotoPlantoPodoSkop (PhotoPlantoGraf) mirror Kuznetsova SV. 2001-2014 © "(http://www.plantovizor-yar.ru/index.php/fotoplantopodoskop-kuznetsova-s-v-model-2012g). However, the proposed device is non-separable, heavy and bulky during transportation.

A device for assessing the stability and support function of a person (UA 54139 C2, publ. 02.17.2003), which consists of a measuring platform with sensors of power signals, a laser projector and an electric drive connected to it. The device also includes a second measuring platform, a control and indication unit, a charging unit, a computer, a communication unit connected to the computer, a software unit and a laser plane variator with a laser plane controller connected in parallel with the key block and matching block, as well as power signal sensors , a controller is a laser plane variator and controllers of measuring platforms, which are connected to a computer through a communication unit.

The technical result of this known utility model is to improve the functionality and information content, the objectivity of assessing the condition of the musculoskeletal system of the patient. However, the model has a complex design, for it to work, you must have a computer.

Also known is a podoscope (ES 2088323 B1, 04.16.1997) having an upper transparent surface for placing the patient's legs and a lower part including mirrors and a cross-illuminating device. The transparent surface is supported by two longitudinal frames with transverse light tubes located in them. The first mirror is stationary and located at an angle of 45 ° relative to the upper transparent surface. The second mirror is movably pivotally connected to the first mirror to select a given viewing angle when examining the feet. The upper transparent surface is provided with transverse engraving formed by parallel lines, which, using a point light source located below the upper surface, allows you to project a shadow area on the surface of the sole of the foot of the patient. The screen engraved on the upper surface may be elliptical in shape. The light source is formed by an adjustable halogen dichroic lamp.

However, this device is not collapsible, and therefore, it is inconvenient for transportation, especially over long distances, to hard-to-reach areas.

The closest analogue of the utility model is a plantoscope, a device for studying the state of a person’s feet, in particular for measuring the center of pressure of a person’s feet (FR 3041523 A1, 03/31/2017, Ouaknine Maurice, INNOVATIVE TECH, FR), consisting of a frame supporting a power platform (PF ) with a transparent top plate illuminated by the diffused light of the LEDs, a mirror that returns an image of the trace of the support to the camera. A rigid frame is placed on the ground / floor; a rigid transparent plate is supported by the indicated frame to allow the person to stand up; at least 3 force sensors are located on the specified frame between the plate and the ground / floor. The mirror plane is located below the plate and can form any angle of inclination. The device also contains optical means for visualizing and obtaining an image of a print of the supporting foot. The device is able to provide with high accuracy information about the position and deviation of the center of pressure exerted by the feet of a standing subject on the device, and provide an imprint of the feet, which allows you to determine the position of the legs and their shape, to assess violations of posture.

The force sensors of the known device are legs and / or cylinders and are located between the frame and the plate to which they are attached, so that the plate is also a removable power platform that rests on the frame. The light generator is mechanically fixed at one of the edges of the plate, so that the luminous flux is directed so that a uniform distribution of light is achieved in the mass of the transparent plate. LEDs of red-green-blue-RGB color are used as a light source to control both the color itself and its intensity. The mirror is convex to reduce the size of the image returned to the camera, to reduce the distance between the camera and the specified convex mirror.

The sheet with LEDs is glued under the plate, is able to scatter light in its entire volume using the principle of light transmission of transparent materials. Light sources are preferably electroluminescent diodes (LEDs) or other light emitting diodes, well known to specialists in this field. They need a sufficient number - to obtain a uniform distribution of light inside the plate, for example, every 10 cm. The choice of color of the diodes is crucial for highlighting certain features of the skin of the soles. As a rule, this is blue, or any of the RGB.

The mirror image can be tilted up to 45 °. In this case, the height h of the device is at least equal to the length of the foot, which is on average more than 25 cm. However, image correction algorithms can correct perspective errors. According to a preferred arrangement, the mirror can be tilted at an angle between the mirror and the plantar plane of less than 45 °, which reduces the height h to reduce the risk of the patient falling, for example, with dizziness. A mirror is a small convex mirror that narrows the image so that the camcorder can be placed a short distance from the mirror to cover the plantar. This can be, for example, an oval or spherical or hemispherical mirror, since only a 180 ° field, and not 360 °, is needed for research.

The main advantages of having two plug-in modules in this known device are: the possibility of separate commercial use (for example, only platforms or only mirrors with a frame) and a reduction in the size of the device, convenient for transportation.

However, this known device requires the inclusion in the network and the use of a computer for image processing. In addition, and in a collapsible form, such a device is not compact, the comfort of disassembling and transporting it is insufficient.

This problem was solved in our utility model, for which an even more collapsible design was proposed, with an increase in the number of collapsible plantoscope blocks.

The technical result that our utility model is aimed at achieving is to increase the number of collapsible planoscope units, which increases the compactness and portability of the model in an unassembled form, while at the same time ensuring a high speed of assembly of the model into a working form for quick diagnostics of the condition of the feet.

The proposed utility model is assembled / disassembled in a short time, does not require mandatory lighting from the network, since it has its own self-adhesive LED strip that can be charged from any portable device with a USB connector (laptop, phone, tablet, Power-bank).

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model.

A plantoscope (podoscope) contains a horizontal, plane-parallel, made of optically transparent material, such as glass or transparent plastic, a support plate for placing feet, which is placed using two metal corners on four metal legs, a mirror mounted on the legs at an angle of 15 ° to the base plate, and the lighting unit.

The device is made with the possibility of mobile displacement in a portable disassembled form, and the assembly elements of the device are four metal legs, a support plate, a mirror and a lighting unit. The support plate is mounted on four metal legs using two metal corners that are attached to the upper parts of the legs. In this case, the base plate is rigidly connected to the metal corners using silicone adhesive sealant.

The lighting unit is made in the form of a self-adhesive USB LED strip SMD 3528 5 W / 220 V (see, for example: LED strip SMD 3528 - a standard with which other models of tapes are compared, https://ledcomplex.ru/catalog/svetodiodnye_lenty/svetodiodnaya_lenta_smd_3528/ , or: Comparison of LED strips on SMD 3528 and 5050. Differences and specifications, https://leds-test.ru/sravnenie-svetodiodnyh-lent-na-smd-3528-i-5050-otlichiya-i-tehnicheskie-harakteristiki /, date of access to the sites 08/11/2019). The tape in the process of assembly of the device is placed on the end of the base plate from the rear surface of the planoscope.

The number of LEDs evenly distributed on the tape is 60 diodes per meter. The power of tapes with 60 diodes per meter is 4.8 W / m. For convenience, it is usually rounded up to 5 W, so the name of the tape is written as SMD 3528 5 W / 220 V.

The length of the tape used corresponds to the length of the end face of the base plate. It is known from the prior art how to cut the LED strip of the desired length (see, for example, How to correctly cut the LED strip, https://lampaexpert.ru/svetodiodnaya-lenta/kak-pravilno-obrezat#, accessed 11.08.2019)

The tape is made with the possibility of replacing it if necessary, since it is self-adhesive, i.e. old, used tape can be peeled off from the base plate, and with a double-sided tape to glue a new tape (see, for example, How and what to stick the LED tape on, https://ledjournal.info/vopros-otvet/kak-nakleit-svetodiodnuyu- lentu.html, accessed 08.08.2019).

Any suitable LED color can be selected depending on the diagnostic need. In this case, the previously glued tape can also be removed from the end of the base plate, and the same SMD 3528 5 W / 220 V LED strip can be glued in its place, but with LEDs of a different color (for example, white, green, blue, red).

The lighting unit is configured to create uniform illumination of the base plate of 60 Lux. The LED strip is made with the possibility of ensuring the operation of the device both from a 5 W / 220 V network adapter and from mobile devices (for example, a laptop, PowerBank), without requiring a mandatory connection to the mains.

The mounting of the base plate and the mirror on the legs can be performed using known suitable mounting means: nuts, bushings, bolts, as shown in FIG. 2.

The mirror is mounted on the four legs at an angle of 15 ° to the base plate.

Implementation of a utility model.

Assembling a utility model is as follows. 4 metal legs are mounted on a flat horizontal surface, to the sleeves in the upper parts of which a support plate of transparent material is fixed, rigidly fixed between two metal corners. At the same time, a self-adhesive USB LED strip SMD 3528 5 W / 220 V, the length of which corresponds to the length of the end face of the base plate, with a uniform arrangement of LEDs of 60 pieces per 1 meter, is glued onto the end face of the plate from the back of the planoscope surface. If a different LED color is required (more acceptable) during the next session, then the previously used SMD 3528 tape is removed and a new one is glued, with the LEDs of the required color.

The mirror is mounted on the legs at an angle of 15 ° to the base plate using bolts and nuts using the holes in the legs.

The assembled plantoscope contains a horizontal, plane-parallel, made of optically transparent material (glass, suitable plastic) support plate for placing the feet, installed under it, at an angle of 15 ° to the support plate, a mirror and a lighting unit. In this case, the support plate is rigidly mounted between two metal corners and mounted on four metal legs, the mirror is mounted at an angle of 15 ° to the plate on the metal legs of the device, and the lighting unit is made in the form of a self-adhesive LED tape: USB LED strip SMD 3528 5 W / 220 In, mounted on the end of the base plate of transparent material from the rear surface of the device. In this case, the LEDs are made in the amount of 60 pieces per meter of tape and distributed evenly on it, the length of the tape corresponds to the length of the end face of the base plate.

For disassembly, in the case of, for example, transportation of a plantoscope, these assembly methods are performed in the reverse order.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the claimed utility model.

An unassembled plantoscope is shown in FIG. 2 and contains a horizontal plane-parallel support plate 3, which serves as a sight glass of optically transparent material (e.g. glass, transparent plastic), which is fixed between two metal corners 4 using silicone adhesive sealant (not shown in the figure). The mirror 10 is installed between the legs of the device with the help of bolts and nuts in the holes on the legs, at an angle of 15 ° to the base plate 3.

Lighting unit 2 consists of a self-adhesive USB LED strip SMD 3528 5 W / 220 V, 60 diodes per meter tape, spaced evenly along its length, providing uniform illumination across the entire base plate of 60 Lux. The tape with its self-adhesive side is installed on the end of the base plate of transparent material from the back of the device and has a length corresponding to the end of the plate.

The effective angle of light of the LEDs is about 120 °, so for a uniform, without differences in lighting, the number of tape fixtures is enough - 60 per meter.

A plantoscope can be equipped with a video camera, while the resulting stop images can be transferred to a computer monitor screen with the possibility of subsequent processing and documentation.

A brief description of the drawings.

The essence of the proposed device is illustrated by drawings:

FIG. 1 - plantoscope assembly.

FIG. 2 - plantoscope in parsing.

The following items are shown:

1 - USB socket

2 - Self-adhesive tape LED 3528 5 W / 220 V

3 - Base plate 300 * 400 * 20 mm

4 - Metal corners 20 * 400 * 20 mm - 2 pcs.

5 - Nut, M8 thread - 4 pcs.

6 - Bushing, M8 thread - 4 pcs.

7 - Leg - 4 pcs.

8 - 6.2 mm hole and M6 cylinder nut - 4 each.

9 - M6 bolt - 4 pcs.

10 - Mirror 300 * 400 * 2 mm - 1 pc.

The device operates as follows.

After assembling the plantoscope, before using it, the upper surface of the base plate is wiped with a disinfectant solution, the lights are turned on. The patient is mounted on the support plate (sight glass) with his back to the specialist-diagnostician so that the feet are located in parallel at a distance of 6-15 cm between their longitudinal axes. With this setting, the distance between the midlines of the heels will tend and practically correspond to the distance between the centers of the hip joints, i.e. the base distance between the axes of the lower extremities with double-supporting statics. It corresponds to the distance between the anteroposterior awns of the pelvis in the frontal plane and, if necessary, is easily measured, for example, using an obstetric compass.

During a visual examination, attention is drawn to the shape and area of the footprint, the localization of overload sites (brighter areas of the anemic zone of the plantar surface of the foot), the position of the calcaneus relative to the vertical axis of the lower leg, and other informative markers of the condition of the patient's feet and the lower limbs in general.

The proposed device is intended for rapid assessment of the state of the arches of the feet and the degree of their changes in the unloaded state (sitting on the couch with the feet mounted on the plantoscope), in the loaded state ("standing two-legged", "standing one-legged"). In this case, a visual assessment of the pressure distribution on the departments of the foot (according to the degree of anemia of the skin areas of the feet) and the determination of the zones of overload of the supporting surface of the soles in the loaded state are carried out.

A visual assessment of changes in the load on the supporting surfaces of the feet during functional tests is also possible (“flamingo test”, “sitting in a deep squat”, rotational tests of the supporting limb, trunk, etc.).

According to the results of the study, it is possible to determine the location and size of the necessary corrective modules-wedges that stabilize the foot during the period of support and are used in the manufacture of individual orthoses of the foot (according to the balancing reactions of the departments of the foot during functional tests).

Simplicity, high speed and accuracy of assessment with the relatively low price of the device and the convenience of its portability, the ability to quickly assemble and disassemble, quickly replace, if necessary, the lighting unit (the aforementioned self-adhesive LED tape), which does not require a power connection, make this plantoscope accessible to any medical institutions and private orthopedists, including in remote rural areas.

Examples of using.

The device was used during preventive examinations in kindergarten to assess the condition of the feet in 56 children 4-6 years old. The disassembled plantoscope is compact and lightweight, conveniently transported in a bag (suitcase) designed for carrying it. On site, the specialist assembles the device in accordance with the above sequential techniques, spending no more than 5-7 minutes on it.

When examining children, the diagnoses were established using a plantoscope, both glass (in 14 children) and transparent plastic (in 11 children) were used as a transparent base plate.

Using the claimed device revealed: pronation installation of the calcaneus with hallux valgus deformation of the knee joints (3 children), isolated flattening of the arches of the feet (15 children), flattening of the arches of the feet with varus deformation of the knee joints of varying degrees (7 children).

In the same image, the device made it possible to visualize both the lower limbs from the knee joints and below, and the submarine part of the foot. The diagnoses were confirmed by x-ray studies.

In addition, using the claimed utility model, outpatient measurements were taken in 10 patients who needed to select corrective wedge modules that stabilize the foot during support, for the subsequent production of individual orthoses. Measurements and selection were made using balancing reactions of the foot during functional tests conducted using the inventive device. In dynamics, for 6 months, patients use these orthopedic products, have no complaints, according to functional tests, objective improvements in the condition of the feet and functions of the lower extremities are observed.

At the end of the plantoscope operation, disassembling it takes a specialist physician also no more than 5-7 minutes.

Thus, collapsible blocks of a plantoscope can be quickly assembled into a working model and disassembled for transportation, thereby increasing both its compactness and portability in a disassembled form (transportation comfort) and the speed of diagnosing the condition of the feet.

Claims (7)

1. Plantoscope, made with the possibility of transportation in a portable disassembled form and containing a horizontal plane-parallel, made of optically transparent material support plate for placing feet, mounted under it at an angle to the base plate, a mirror and LED lighting unit, characterized in that prefabricated elements of the plantoscope are four metal legs of the plantoscope, base plate, mirror and LED lighting unit, wherein the support plate, rigidly fixed between two metal corners, is made with the possibility of collapsible fastening on four metal legs of the plantoscope, the mirror is made with the possibility of collapsible mounting on the metal legs of the plantoscope under the support plate at an angle of 15 ° to the support plate using bolts and nuts, the lighting unit is made in the form of a self-adhesive LED strip: USB LED strip SMD 35285 W / 220 V, for placement on the end of the base plate of transparent material from the rear surface of the planoscope with the possibility of replacing the self-adhesive LED strip with a new one if necessary, while the LEDs are made in the amount of 60 pieces per meter of tape and distributed evenly on it, and the length of the tape corresponds to the length of the end face of the base plate. 2. A plantoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that the lighting unit is configured to provide operation of the device both from a 5 V / 220 V network adapter and from mobile devices (for example, a laptop, PowerBank).

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