RU1816301C - Combined ran engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in internal combustion engines and steam engines, can be used in auto and shipbuilding. The engine comprises a fixed cylindrical housing 1, inside of which a pin 6 is located, rigidly connecting two disks 23 and exiting through pauses in the housing 1 to the undulating grooves of the flywheel 4, & bellows 8 are mounted on both sides of the disks, working alternately and consisting of tube-shaped metal furs inserted into each other, interconnected either by inner or outer edges of metal rings in the form of corrugated tubes and forming working volumes that are tightly attached to the inner the side of the head 2 of the cylindrical body 1 and to the disk equipped with a counterclock and nodding bearings moving along the stationary cylindrical body 1, and in the head 2 are provided channels for filling the working volumes with gas, steam, refrigerant and air, the flow of which is controlled by regulating valves, arranged in pairs, between which working chambers are installed: gas 19 with valve 33, high voltage electrodes 37, powered by generators fixed to a housing, a fuel supply device 34, and steam with a water supply device. 2 s.p. f-ly, 4 ill. Ј

Description

The invention relates to internal combustion engines with the simultaneous use of a steam engine and can be used in automobile and shipbuilding.

The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency.

On Fig, 1 shows a combined engine, a section; figure 2 - working chamber gas, section; in Fig. 3, a control valve, section; figure 4 - element of the flywheel (type A).

The combined engine comprises a cylindrical housing 1. To the outer cut of which are mounted inside the head 2, and

Outside support ball bearings 3 flywheel 4.

In the middle part of the cylindrical body (cylinder) 1 there are grooves 5 for reciprocating movement of the pin 6, as well as ball bearings 7 of the flywheel 4. Fasteners inside the cylinder 1 are bellows 8, which are metal furs inserted into each other, consisting of wide, flexible, heat-resistant rings, interconnected alternately between the inner and outer edges (like a corrugated tube). Each metal fur is rigidly attached to the fixed head 2 of cylinder 1 from the inside,

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with about

with

the stationary part of the smartphone 8, and in a compressed state between them and their rings, there should not be any free space components, except for separate ones. In the expanded state, the bellows 8 between the rings of metal bellows and the metal bellows themselves form several cavities (compartments), which are the working volumes: gas 9, steam 10, air compressor 11, refrigerator compressor 12 and the connecting part 13 of the cooling jacket and which through the channels available in the head 2} are connected to the control valves 14, 15, 16, nozzles 17 and 18, which are attached to the outer side of the head 2 of the cylinder 1.

The working volumes communicate with the working chambers of gas 19, steam 20, as well as with a system of air intake 21 from the external environment through a filter (not shown in the diagram), a system for removing exhaust gases through a heat exchanger 22, a refrigerator, a liquid tank, and a tank with a variable volume for unsuccessful vapor condensation (not shown in the diagram).

The working volume of the compressor of the refrigerator 12 and 13 (cooling jacket) can communicate with the same volume of the opposite bellows 8.

Inside the cylinder 1, the movable part of the bellows 8 is rigidly fixed with each of its metal fur, sealing each compartment (working volume), with a disk 23 having anti-jamming bearings 24 (shown with a dashed line because they did not fall into the slice) moving along the inner surface of the cylindrical body 1 , and which is rigidly connected to the same disk of opposite bellows by means of a pin 6, which at its ends extending through the grooves 5 outside the cylinder 1 has thrust roller bearings 25 moving along the wave-shaped groove 26 of the flywheel 4 (Fig. 4) having a coupling 27 (Fig. 1) with a power take-off gear and to which a valve actuator and an electric generator 28 are attached.

In order to prevent distortion of the bellows 8 themselves (metal bellows) to the disk 23 and separately to the cylinder head 2, cylindrical guides 29 are made rigidly fixed to cover the middle space of the working volumes of the refrigerator compressors (cooling jacket).

A casing 30 is attached to the head 2, in which the engine, its communications and functioning systems are located.

Variants of the arrangement of the working volumes of their quantity, as well as design options, for example, the working volumes of gas and steam can be in the form

hollow spiral.

The working chamber of the gas 19 (combustion chamber) consists of two cavities: a cavity of compressed air 31 with an enlarged inner surface and a cavity of fuel 32,

which are interconnected by an adjustable valve 33. The working chamber of the gas 19 is not cooled, except for the junction of the nozzle 34 and the adjustable valve 33, in which both the socket and the core are cooled by liquid.

Outside, the surface of the gas chamber 19 is covered with heat insulating material or combined with the steam chamber 20.

Compressed air cavity 31 is powered by

the working volume of the air compressor 11, and fuel is injected into the fuel cavity 32 from the nozzle 34 (an equalizer, a device continuously supplying liquid fuel, a device supplying gas fuel, and the like can be used).

The working gas chamber 19 has a hatch 35 for adjusting the chamber volume, inspecting and securing the catalysts 36.

High-voltage electrodes 37 are provided in both chamber cavities.

The core 38 of the valve 33 is hollow and has a coolant circulation system inside it, the core head with its inoperative part 39 is attached to the wall of the fuel cavity 32 by two heat-resistant tube-shaped metal bellows (bellows) 40, between the walls of which there is a space with a changing volume 41 of coolant,

which circulates during the operation of valve 33 and at the same time is an integral (clamping and squeezing) part of valve actuator 33.

Steam chamber 20 is

a vessel that is heated by exhaust gases, and additionally by electricity during the start of engine operation and in cold conditions. Outside the steam chamber is also thermally insulated.

The entire steam system is closed loop. Water is supplied to the chamber by a dispenser or nozzle as necessary.

The control valves 14.15.16 are paired.

the structure and principle of operation are similar to the valve 33 of the working chamber 19.

The hydraulic chambers of the control valve actuator system and the gas chamber of the working chamber are interconnected with the valve actuator 28 and are also bellows or hollow metal springs.

Combined engine operates as follows.

Forced rotation is initially imparted to the flywheel 4, an uncompressed state of the bellows 8 occurs, and then compression begins. During this period, all the control valves 14, 15, 16 and the valve 33 of the working gas chamber are switched so that the working volume of the air compressor 11 pumps air into the compressed air cavity 31 of the working gas chamber (combustion chamber) 19. At this time, fuel into the fuel cavity 32 of the working chamber of the gas 19. From the working volume of the steam 10, the spent steam through the pipeline system is supplied for condensation. From the working volume of the gas 9, the exhaust gas is supplied by its piping system to a heat exchanger 22, which supplies heat to the steam chamber and then to the refrigerant heater (final exhaust gas cooler). From the working volume of the compressors of the refrigerator 12 and 13 (cooling jacket), the refrigerant is supplied to the exhaust gas cooler and then to the refrigerator, where the steam condenses.

After the compression of the bellows 8 is completed, a working stroke begins: a current is supplied to the electrodes 37, the control valves 14,15,16 are switched to a different working position, the valve 33 of the working gas chamber 19 is opened, and the current is applied to the electrodes 37 again, a fuel explosion occurs, which gas 9 compresses the working volume, simultaneously superheated steam of the steam working chamber 20 decompresses the steam 10 working volume, and at this time air is sucked from the environment into the working volume of the air compressor 11 and the refrigerant is sucked from the cold nika into the working volume of the refrigerator compressors 12 and 13 (cooling jacket).

When the bellows 8 is unclenched, the pin b rigidly connected to it 6 makes a reciprocating motion in the groove 5 of the cylindrical body 1, and rotates this flywheel 4 with its thrust roller bearings 25, which move along the wave-shaped groove 26 of the flywheel 4.

Since there are two sets of bellows 8 in the stationary cylindrical housing 1, their operation is carried out alternately and the rotation force of the flywheel 4 is almost continuous.

A feature of the working gas chamber (combustion chamber) 19 is that during the period when the cavity is filled

compressed air 31, fuel is supplied to fuel cavity 32. Upon completion of filling the compressed air cavity (before opening the valve 33) in both cavities, the compressed air cavity 5 and the fuel cavity 32, powerful electric discharges are produced simultaneously that penetrate the gas contents of the cavities at high temperature, which further prepares them

0 for a more complete reaction. Then the valve 33 is opened and the electric discharge is re-produced in order to maximize the use of the mixture of air and gaseous fuel.

5 The water supplied to the steam chamber 20 is converted to working steam. and the waste steam after the working volume of steam 10 is condensed to a refrigerator. Refrigerant refrigerant heats up to

0 acceptable parameters in the working space cavity of the compressor of the refrigerator 12 and 13 (cooling jacket) and when cooling the exhaust gases after the heat exchanger 22 of the steam chamber.

5 The design provides for the use of heating the walls of the working chamber of gas 19 and the working chamber of steam 20. This allows the use of low-grade fuels as fuel for the working chamber of gas 19.

In order to prevent the transfer of heat from the chambers to adjacent parts, their fastening to the control valves, as well as the fastening of the control valves to the cylinder head 2

5 1 and to pipelines should be through heat-insulating gaskets.

As can be seen in the diagrams, cooling of the engine elements with liquid is also provided.

0 Electricity generators are provided at both ends of the engine to provide electricity.

The use of a steam chamber will reduce fuel consumption.

5 The use of an electric discharge to prepare heated and compressed air and fuel in a gas working chamber before mixing and during mixing in the presence of catalysts will allow their reaction to be maximized and will increase economic and environmental efficiency.

To capture products of combustion after a working cycle, liquid absorbers can be used with periodic replacement of the liquid and its centralized neutralization, which will also increase the environmental friendliness of the device.

The proposed combined engine is more economical than the existing ones, since

due to the temperature increase in the combustion chamber, preliminary preparation of the combustion components by electric discharge, the use of catalysts and the use of a steam chamber that utilizes the heat of the products of the combustion chamber, it allows the use of less gas, diesel or other types of fuel due to the use of steam over 35 %, as a result, the efficiency is increased and the human environment is less polluted.

Claims (3)

Formula 1, A combined engine comprising a housing, a cooling jacket, a cylinder, cylinder heads with inlet and outlet nozzles provided with shutoff bodies, working elements placed opposite in the cylinder to form working and compressor chambers of variable volume, a combustion chamber with a charge ignition device, a flywheel made in the form of a sleeve mounted around the cylinder, and a finger rigidly connected to the working elements and located perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder, moreover, on the inner surface of the flywheel a closed curved groove is made in which the ends of the finger are located by means of swing elements, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, it is equipped with a variable-volume steam chamber with a heat exchanger connected to the outlet pipe, the working elements are made in the form of disks and bellows, the latter being located concentrically to the axis of the cylinder and rigidly connected to the disks and cylinder heads, and the cooling jacket, working, compressor and steam chambers are located s between the bellows. 2. Engine pop. 1, characterized in that the combustion chamber is made in the form of a cavity of constant volume associated with the working chamber by means of an inlet pipe. 3. The engine according to claims 1 and 2, with the exception of the fact that it is connected by a chamber with electrodes for processing fuel, connected to a combustion chamber by means of a connecting hole with a controlled valve, tpu.3