RU1813430C - Method and device for protecting eyes at welding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to medical equipment, to methods and means of protecting organs of vision, in particular during electric welding, and allows to increase the efficiency and reliability of protection of organs of vision. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The welding process is interrupted by a welding process interrupter 10. The interrupt signal from the photosensor 9, through the first differential element 6 of the differentiation unit, is supplied to the key device 3 and the pulse delay and invert unit 8. From the output of block 8, the signal through the second diffuser 7 is fed to the input of the key device 3, which controls the light shutter 1, the key device 3 is also connected to the power source 2 and the trigger element 7. 1 zp f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

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The invention relates mainly to methods and means of protecting the organs of vision, in particular when welding with alternating and direct current.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of the protection of the organs of vision.

The method is carried out as follows.

The welding process is interrupted at a frequency equal to or greater than 16 Hz. Synchronously with him and in antiphase, they interrupt the light flux to the organs of vision with the help of a light tracer. The initial opening of the light shutter is performed at the moment of switching on the control circuit of the light shutter, and the initial closing of the light shutter is performed on the recorded front of the first pulse of the welding process. All subsequent openings of the light shutter are made according to the recorded pulses of the welding process, and all subsequent closures of the light shutter are made with a predetermined time delay with respect to the moments of the decay of the pulses, less than the pause between the pulses M of the welding process. This ensures that the pulses of the welding process are temporarily blocked by the phases of the closed state of the light trap, thanks to which the welder through the light trap in natural light observes the welding process, the formation of the seam and does not see a blinding electric arc. Since the frequency of overlapping of the welding process and the light flux is equal to or higher than 16 Hz, the welder does not observe flicker.

To implement the inventive method in a device for protecting the organs of vision during the welding process, comprising a light-shielding element integrated into the mask with a control circuit including a power source, a key device and a welding process sensor, the light-shielding element is made in the form of a light trap, a key device made with a unlocking and locking input part, and the welding process sensor is made in the form of a photosensor, moreover, the control circuit is additionally equipped with a differentiation unit containing the first and W a series of differential elements, for example, with a common load, a delay and inverting the sign of the pulse sign, a trigger element are introduced into the device, while the photosensor is connected by its output to the input of the first different element of the differentiation unit, the differentiation unit is connected by its output to the locking and unlocking input part of the key device , the output of which is connected to a light shutter. in addition, the differentiation unit is connected by its output to the input of the delay and invert block of the pulse sign, the output of which is connected through the sand element to the output of the power source, and the welding circuit is equipped with an automatic breaker for the welding process.

The drawing shows a structural diagram of a device for implementing a method of protecting organs of vision during the welding process.

The device comprises a light-emitting diode integrated into the mask 1. The control circuit includes a power supply 2, a key device 3 with a locking and unlocking input part, a starting element 4 made, for example, in the form of a push-button contact. The control circuit also includes a differentiation unit 5 with first 6 and second 7 diffusers, a delay and invert unit for pulse 8 and a welding process sensor 9 made in the form of a photosensor. In addition, the welding circuit is equipped with a breaker of the welding process 10.

The device operates as follows.

Connect a welding circuit (not yet closed by an electrode and an arc). In this case, a breaker 10 is activated, operating in automatic mode with a trip frequency equal to or greater than 16 Hz. The light source control circuit 2 is turned on. Before starting the welding process, open, i.e. transparent, state of the light shutter 1. In the case of an opaque state of the light shutter 1, an unlocking (for example, negative) impulse is fed to the input part of the key device 3 by the trigger element 4, which ultimately opens the light shutter 1 ..

For operational convenience, the starting element 4 can be combined with a power switch made, for example, in the form of a multi-position switch (this case is not shown in the diagram).

At the start of the welding process, at the moment the electrode touches the part in the welding circuit, current flows. interrupted by chopper 10 with a frequency equal to or greater than 16 Hz. When an arc appears at the instant of passage of the front of the first pulse of the welding process, a voltage pulse front appears at the output of the photosensor 9. As a result of this, at the output of the differentiation unit 5, a (for example, positive) impulse appears, which enters the input of the device 3 and transfers the device 3 (trigger) to the state opposite to the previous state, i.e. causing closing of the light shutter 1. Thus, during the action of a pulse of the welding process (electric arc), the light shutter 1 is in a closed state. At the same time, the high sensitivity of the photosensor 9 and the speed of the light shutter 1 make it possible to shut off the light flux to the organs of vision until an intense glow of the arc develops.

Further, the operation of the control circuit is repetitive. When the pulse of the welding process (i.e., the arc) decreases, the output of the diffuser b shows a pulse of the opposite (in this case, sign-negative) polarity, which from the output of the differentiation unit 5 goes to the input of the key device 3, transferring it to the previous state opening the light gate 1. The same pulse is also applied to the delay and inverting unit 8, where it is delayed by a time shorter than the nonradiative interval between pulses, and inverted (sign change), and then through the element 7 ( in this variant of the circuit implementation) it enters the input of the key device 3, its opposite state, causing the shutter 1 to close. As a result, the shutter 1 closes until the next pulse of the welding current (arc) appears and reopens at the end of this pulse welding process.

This cycle of the apparatus is repeated with a frequency of interruption of the welding process equal to or greater than 16 Hz. In this case, the welder does not perceive the electric arc radiation, but through the light trap 1 without flicker he observes the working field in natural light. A slight decrease in the average effective value of transparency helps to protect the organs of vision from radiation from a hot weld. The welder sees the seam being formed and is able to timely detect and correct the defective work.

In the particular case, when the speed of operation of the light shutter is high enough, and alternating or rectified current is used for electric welding, the electric arc itself is a natural interrupter of the welding process, which makes it possible to do without a special interrupter 10 included in the welding circuit.

The use of the inventive method of protecting the organs of vision and devices for it

implementation can significantly reduce the likelihood of occupational eye disease, provide increased productivity and quality of work. 5 The described method of protection is applicable, in particular, to other pulsed welding processes, for example, during laser processing of materials.

Claims (2)

01. A method of protecting the organs of vision during the welding process, namely, that the welding process and the light flux are interrupted, with a frequency equal to or greater than 16 Hz, synchronize them in antiphase, 5, provide a temporary overlap of each pulse of the welding process with the closed state phase of the light shutter. characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency and reliability of protection of the organs of vision, the operation of the light shutter is synchronized according to the welding process, in such a way that all the openings of the light shutter, except the initial one, are synchronized with the drops of the pulses of the welding process, all the shutter closures, except the initial one, produced in relation to the moments of decay of the pulses of the welding process with a predetermined time delay less than the pause between pulses of the welding process, with the primary open The light shutter is produced when the control circuit of the light shutter is turned on, and the primary closing 5 light shutters are produced at the recorded front of the first pulse of the welding process. 2. A device for protecting eyesight during the welding process, containing 0 a light-protective element integrated into the mask with a control circuit including a power source connected to a key device and a welding process sensor, characterized in that 5, the light-protective element is made in the form of a light shutter, the key device is made with a unlocking and locking input part, and the welding process sensor is made in the form of a photosensor, moreover, The control unit is additionally equipped with a differentiation unit containing the first and second diffelements, for example, with a common load, a delay and inverting unit of the mm5 pulse sign, a start element and an automatic interrupter of the welding process are introduced into the device, while the photosensor is connected by its output to the input of the first diffuser of the block differentiation, differentiation unit with its output is connected to the locking and from the piranha input part of the key mouth-block of differentiation associated with the output of which is connected to the light output with the input part of the key the shutter, in addition, the unit, the input of which is through the launcher differentiation connected by its output element connected to the output of the source pi the house with the input of the delay unit and the inverter-5 Tanya, and the welding circuit is equipped with an anthoma vani pulse sign, output of which is a Gothic welding circuit breaker connected to the input of the second process element.