RU186777U1 - Foldable support frame for tethered / autonomous quadrocopter based unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to unmanned and controlled aircraft of the transport type with the possibility of vertical take-off and landing. Foldable supporting frame for tethered / autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle based on quadrocopter contains horizontal blade propellers with brushless motors, a rectangular folding frame made of composite materials mounted with the possibility of attaching various types of payload to it, composite rods with external the cross-sectional shape in the form of a square, and the internal cross-sectional shape in the form of a ring, and the rods are fastened with the possibility of installation and they have wiring, also used damping bushings installed in the middle part of the frame, holding the payload and the power source, while at least two rods are interconnected by means of a hinge assembly, and retractable legs are installed in the lower part of the frame. The technical result consists in reducing the mass and size in a disassembled state, which will significantly increase the portability of this complex. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to aircraft, in particular to unmanned and controlled transport vehicles with the possibility of vertical take-off and landing, made on the basis of a quadrocopter. This complex includes a rectangular frame in terms of a folding structure, which serves to accommodate the payload and the BILA power supply, four rotors located at the tops of this frame, and elements of a remote control system.

There is an unmanned aerial system developed by Israel Aerospace Industries (WO 2007/141795 A1, IPC B64C 27/20, published December 13, 2007), consisting of a ground control station, a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle as a platform for placing a payload. The mover is represented by four electric fans. Due to their rotation, the propellers create a vertical component of the lifting force, which ensures the retention of the required height in various flight modes. However, this aircraft has an indelible frame design, which significantly degrades the mobility of this complex. In addition, the frame design requires the presence of additional attachment points of either aerodynamic rudders or a swashplate, which further increases the mass of the aircraft structures.

The disadvantages of this complex are the complexity of the control systems tethered BILA, the high cost of the complex. Due to the presence of shields designed to control and rotate the air flow, and a swashplate to control the position of the rotors, the complexity and weight of the structure increases. In addition, all these measures lead to a decrease in the reliability of this complex.

There is a close technical solution to this tethered mobile system, including a propeller, a frame, a propeller engine that is used to rotate the device, a movable steering gear, and a control controller (US 2012/009, IPC ВСС 39/022, published April 13, 2012). The device is made according to the helicopter scheme, i.e. has one main rotor, creating all the lifting force. The control is carried out by turning the aerodynamic surfaces. However, in this case, the frame design is not disassembled, which, by analogy with the above option, reduces the mobility and portability of the complex.

The closest technical solution to the claimed group of inventions is a mobile aviation system as part of an aircraft having horizontally located propellers with autonomous drives, remote control systems for an unmanned legal apparatus, and means for transporting and assembling this complex (RU 2623128 IPC В64С 39/02, В64С 27/08, published on 06/22/2017). The supporting frame of this aircraft is folding, the screws are mounted on telescopic levers capable of changing their spatial position. The entire supporting structure is made of composite materials.

The disadvantages of this complex are the large dimensions of the structure, the high cost of production and operation. In addition, due to the large size, the mobility of the complex is significantly reduced. The situation is complicated by the complexity of the operation of assembling UAV components between themselves, because this requires additional equipment, and the components themselves have a large mass and dimensions.

This utility model is aimed at solving the problems of expanding the technical capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles based on quadrocopters, creating a design that provides maximum portability of the complex, while not losing reliability and durability.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to reduce the mass and size in a disassembled state, which will significantly increase the portability of this complex.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the design of the supporting frame for a tethered / autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle based on a quadrocopter, containing horizontal blade propellers with brushless motors, a rectangular frame with a folding structure made of composite materials installed with the possibility of attaching various types of payload to it, applied composite rods having an external sectional shape in the form of a square, and an internal sectional shape in the form of a ring, and the rods are fastened They can be installed in them, damping bushings are also installed, which are installed in the middle part of the frame, which hold the payload and the power source, while at least two rods are interconnected by a hinge assembly, and retractable are installed in the lower part of the frame legs.

A distinctive feature of the proposed frame of an unmanned aerial vehicle is the simplicity of its design, small dimensions in a disassembled state and high portability, while it is lightweight due to the use of composite materials.

An analysis of the state of the art by the applicant has established that there are no analogues that are characterized by sets of features identical to all the features of the claimed design of the frame of an unmanned aerial vehicle to ensure long-term trouble-free monitoring and the creation of a relay access point, therefore, the claimed utility model meets the condition of "novelty."

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. one

the design of the frame of an unmanned aerial vehicle is shown in plan, in FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an UAV and the following notation is introduced and FIG. 3 - care section of one of the rods.

The device consists of the following components:

1 - damping bushings;

2 - battery plate;

3 - sensor compartment;

4 - screw;

5 - hinge-fork;

6 - rod (short);

7 - payload plate;

8 - rod (long);

9 - engine;

10 - rod (central);

11 - a cap;

12 - corner;

13 - retractable legs;

14 - wiring.

The design is a frame having a rectangular shape in plan. At the vertices of this rectangle, it is planned to install motors 9, designed to create lifting force due to the rotation of the propulsors, presented in the form of screws 4. Brushless motors are mounted on corners 12 with screws. In the corners, grooves are provided for installing the rods 6 and 8, connecting adjacent corners 12.

The rods are made of composite materials (carbon fiber) and have a rectangular cross-section from the outside, which prevents the rods from turning in the corners.

The inner part of the cross section is represented by a ring, which allows you to place wiring inside each rod. Placing the necessary wiring inside the core of the rod ensures its protection from external environmental factors and mechanical damage.

The front and rear rods 8 are made integral and integral, because further on, rods 10 are mounted on which the payload is placed. The left and right rods 6 are made of two equal halves, pivotally interconnected using a node 5. This allows you to fold the front and rear of the frame, which significantly increases its mobility, portability, and reduce the dimensions of the structure when disassembled.

On each half, left and right, rods 8 are installed legs 13, which have the ability to remote cleaning and release when switching the corresponding toggle switch on the control panel. This allows you to increase the compactness and stability of the structure, to ensure safety during flight and ease of use of various options for payloads, including cameras. The legs are driven by retracts fixedly mounted on the frame. The legs are cleaned towards the outside of the frame structure.

On the front and rear rods there are damping bushings 1 on which rods 10 are installed, similar in design to the front and rear rods. Their purpose is that they dampen most of the unwanted vibrations of the frame during flight from engines and external environmental factors. They set the entire payload, which avoids disruption in the work of the payload. The design of dampers 1 allows for quick assembly / disassembly of this design due to the presence of a quick detachable connection and to limit the torsion of each rod due to the rectangular shape of the groove for installing the rods, which provides high portability, reduces installation time, ensures the presence of tight contact of parts and the absence of torsion of each rod along its longitudinal axis.

The power source is mounted on the plate of the battery 2. It is made of carbon fiber. It has slots for securing the power supply unit, main and spare batteries. In addition, they provide additional cooling for the power system.

A similar design and the payload plate 7. It is designed to accommodate all types of payload on it. It provides for the installation of additional dampers, which can even more effectively absorb and disperse unwanted vibrations that affect the work of the payload. It is possible to mount 7 different types of payload on a plate.

On the frame there are 3 compartments designed to accommodate the necessary sensors and engine speed controllers in them. They protect them from moisture and the influence of environmental factors.

All the main sensors and equipment for remote control of an unmanned aerial vehicle are located in a compartment covered by a hood 11. It protects all equipment necessary for the implementation of the flight from the effects of external environmental factors and moisture.

The disassembly procedure of the complex has the following sequence.

First, you need to clean the legs 13 by moving the advising toggle switch on the control panel to the lowest position. A signal will be sent to the retracts, after which they will be transferred to the retracted position. After this, it is necessary to disconnect the legs from the bushings, with the help of which the legs are fixed on the moving axis of the retract. As a result of this operation, the legs are considered completely disassembled.

Next, it is necessary to disconnect all power sources and disconnect all modules on the UAV, make sure that the residual current branches in the equipment on board the UAV are verified.

The next step is to disconnect all modules from the corresponding connectors. The payload connector, the remote control system connector, and the fire control and leg cleaning connector 13 are disconnected one after another. After this, the rods 10 must be removed from the dampers 1, first from the front, then from the rear. As a result of this operation, the middle part of the frame structure, on which the payload and batteries are placed, will be separated.

The next step in disassembling the frame is the stripping of two hinges - forks, which are interconnected by means of a locking rod. It fixes on one axis the corresponding holes on each half of the hinge-fork. After stripping, the front and back of the frame must be folded. After completing the entire list of operations, the disassembly of the frame is considered complete.

The total disassembly time takes no more than 3 minutes. Assemble in the reverse order.

The proposed design of the frame of an unmanned aerial vehicle allows due to its design to implement the following features:

- the ability to quickly assemble / disassemble the UAV frame;

- hanging the portability of the complex in a disassembled position;

- the implementation of the cleaning of the legs and their subsequent disassembly, which reduces the size of the contraction;

- the use of the most rational contraction of the cross sections of the frame rods, which allows to increase their rigidity and place the necessary wiring inside the rods;

- the presence of composite elements used in the creation of rods, platforms and angles that provide the necessary level of strength, while having a lower mass.

Claims (1)

Foldable supporting frame for tethered / autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle based on quadrocopter, containing horizontal blade propellers with brushless motors, rectangular folding frame made of composite materials, mounted with the possibility of attaching various types of payload to it, characterized in that frame design used composite rods having an external cross-sectional shape in the form of a square, and an internal cross-sectional shape in the form of a ring, m rods are fastened with the possibility of installing wiring in them, damping bushings are also installed that are installed in the middle part of the frame, which hold the payload and the power source, while at least two rods are interconnected by a hinge unit, and in the lower part of the frame retractable legs installed.

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