RU186240U1 - Domestic water purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for providing the population with potable water. A water purification device for domestic use contains a pump located in a common housing and mounted on its walls. The pump is designed to switch on the signal of the presence of water in the input line and increase the pressure at the inlet of the mechanosorption water purification unit, which includes sequentially mounted cartridges with quartz sand and activated carbon filters and micron and ultra-micron cleaning cartridges. The device is equipped with a magnetic field generator located after the mechanosorption water purification unit for exposing the flow to a magnetic field before entering the high pressure pump, the output of which is connected to the reverse osmosis unit or directly to the reverse osmosis unit in the absence of a cavitation reactor, with which cartridges are connected in series with activated carbon and with a filter with a schungite-silver charge, communicated through the unit to impart favorable taste properties to the water, borudovanny ultraviolet lamps to maintain water in the absence of the bacterial component for dispensing water into the water filling unit arranged to two-channel dispensing water. The case is made with a front wall, which is a double-leaf door, in each leaf of which a niche is formed to accommodate a tank for filling with water and a place for a control unit for the process of water distribution and inclusion of an ozonizer, the water distribution unit in a niche on one leaf is in communication with the first channel of water distribution, in which the site of acoustic impact on the water flow in this channel is located, the water supply unit in the niche on the other leaf is in communication with the second water delivery channel directly connected to the water store. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for providing the population with potable water, including from centralized water supply, and can be used for individual consumption by selling potable water.

Due to the deterioration of the quality of water in the centralized water supply system in recent years due to the severe deterioration of the water supply networks and the amateurish approach to chlorine gas as the most effective disinfectant in the water disinfection system, people became afraid to drink tap water from the tap and prepare food from it. Instead of tap water, people are looking for water with a pleasant taste, odorless chlorine, marshy or ferruginous taste and odor, scale in the kettle, taking into account their taste sensations, determined by the needs of the body. People began to buy bottled water from natural sources in stores, certified according to SanPiN 2.1.4.116-02, as water of the highest drinking quality. But such water is expensive at the price of its purchase.

In this regard, the use of water purification devices for domestic use becomes more attractive.

So in RU 139649, C02F 9/00, publ. 04/20/2014, a water purification device for domestic (drinking) use is described, comprising a pump, a source water storage tank, a water flow and pressure control system, a coagulation unit, a sediment filter, a universal filter, a universal filter regeneration unit, a disinfection device, impurity analyzer, a system for filling and selling water with a block of filters located in the following sequence: mechanical micron, sorption, mechanical ultra-micron, high pressure pump, filter back accumulator of osmosis, sorption filter, mineralizing, for water supply device, ozonizer, device for water sales.

This decision is made as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this solution is the excessive chemicalization of the cleaning process in order to disinfect it and lead to a drinking composition. So, the regeneration unit of the universal filter is used with a container for KCL saline solution, inside which a feeder is installed (an automatic dispenser with a disinfectant solution), and a disinfection device with a container for a disinfectant solution has two chlorine inlets.

For the universal filter, the Ecotar filter developed by the Geyser company with 5 types of loading is used. The appropriate composition of the filter is selected. To clean the source water with an abnormally high dissolved iron content of 30 mg / l, an Ecotar-B30 filter is installed. The regeneration tank is filled with 8-12% KC1 saline, and a feeder with a disinfectant solution is installed inside the saline tank. The device for disinfection of pathogenic microflora is filled with sodium hypochlorite. The device for dosing sodium hypochlorite is configured to work in automatic mode for dosing the necessary chlorine in water. For this, an express analysis of the source water is performed and then a metering device is set up to operate the station in automatic mode.

To obtain drinking water with the optimal mineral composition, the filter unit is equipped with a mineralizer for enrichment with useful mineral salts and trace elements. Safety aftertreatment of water allows you to completely remove all unpleasant tastes of water, including the smell of chlorine. As a result, water acquires a pleasant taste without a marshy, glandular taste and odorless chlorine.

It can be seen that the cleaning process is closely related and depends not only on the set of chemicals, but also on the smoothness of the automation, which regulates the flow of chemical components into the passing water stream. In addition, there is a system for continuous monitoring of the composition of drinking water, the function of which is to amend the automation system to regulate the chemical processes of purification from the source of water raw materials.

Despite the sufficient functionality of the monitoring and control systems for the cleaning process, such systems work well on large volumes of water; at low consumption costs, the systems work with a small data set and cannot perform averaging operations to obtain a likely reliable result. As a result, the control system algorithm begins to generate control signals with an error. On top of everything else, all dosing systems do not work well on microdoses, since they belong to the category of hydromechanical devices, which always have an initial deadband, in the range of which the mechanism simply does not work. For household appliances such mechanisms are useless, as well as sophisticated automation that controls the composition of drinking water and the dosing of chemical components.

Systems that apply the chemical principles of water purification work well only after coagulation and rough water treatment operations, and at the same time with large volumes. As a result of such purification and treatment of water in order to give it a drinkable taste (favorable taste properties), we obtain water at the outlet of the installation, which can be considered drinking water (provided that the automatics are accurately triggered and according to the results of chemical analysis). But we must not forget that from the outlet point of such drinking water to the consumer's tap, water passes kilometers of pipes, hydraulic devices, sedimentation tanks, splitters, traps, etc. No one can guarantee the safety of the primary drinking qualities of water at the consumer's point. The condition of distribution pipelines and hydraulic units have a serious impact on the composition of water in terms of deterioration of this quality and the conversion of drinking water into technical.

It is known that 80% of all main water pipelines in Russia are assembled from steel pipes, the street water supply network is from cast iron pipes with cement joints, 10-15% are plastic pipes (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), the rest are copper pipes. Steel pipes do not have adequate protection against external and internal corrosion. With the passage of water through the tubes, the iron content in it increases. This is mainly due to the presence of dissolved oxygen in natural waters at concentrations of 5-15 mg / l, depending on the time of year, temperature, photosynthesis of aquatic plants, the presence of plankton or ice cover. Oxygen present in water, which initiates corrosion, converts the iron of the pipe walls into ionic form (into solution). For this reason alone, the concentration of iron in drinking water can be 2-10 mg / l, which is 10-30 times higher than the MPC. The research results showed that water containing iron at a concentration of 0.3 mg / l (hygiene norm) is safe for public health, at a concentration of 10 mg / l and higher it has an allergenic effect. Water containing elevated concentrations of iron contributes to the development of colonies of iron bacteria, during the death of which a dense black precipitate accumulates inside the pipes (sometimes called “sludge”). Microorganisms that contribute to the fouling of the inner surface of water pipelines in the systems for transporting drinking water, not only negatively affect its quality, highlighting the products of their vital functions in it. Having settled in caverns of pipes destroyed by corrosion, they take an active part in destructive corrosion processes. Examination of such systems showed that sulfate-reducing and nitrate-reducing bacteria developed in the zones of anaerobiosis under a layer of growths formed by iron-oxygen microorganisms. In the process of their life, an environment is formed that contributes to the destruction of pipelines.

Various microorganisms, both pathogenic and non-pathogenic, are found in the water of the distribution pipelines, processed at centralized water supply stations. Enteroviruses, polioviruses, Coxsackie A viruses, Coxsackie B viruses, ECHO and some strains that are not detected by diagnostic sera may be present in the water flowing from the tap. This prevents the preservation of the sanitary-hygienic qualities of water from the moment of disinfection to the moment of its delivery to the consumer. (The book. "Pure water. Cleaning systems and household filters", authors Miklashevsky NV, Korolkova SV, St. Petersburg, Arlit Publishing House, 2000, 240 pp.).

The presence of these bacteria and viruses in tap water is explained by an insufficient consequence of disinfecting agents (in particular, active chlorine). When preparing water on such devices, which include a solution according to the prototype, a sanitary-established dosage is used that completely solves the disinfection problem. However, the reaction of water with layers and bacteria in pipelines and a change in its chemical composition (for example, in iron) lead to a weakening of its disinfecting qualities. As a result, the consumer has water in consumption that is seriously different from that which leaves the purification apparatus.

In this regard, water disinfection and re-purification of water, which has come a long way through distribution pipelines or has been in a non-flowing state for some time, is becoming relevant.

This useful model is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the bactericidal protection of water.

The specified technical result is achieved in that a water purification device for domestic use, comprising a pump located in a common housing and mounted on its walls, is configured to turn on the signal of the presence of water in the inlet line and increase the pressure at the inlet of the mechanosorption water purification unit , which includes filter cartridges for micron and ultra-micron cleaning, as well as a high pressure pump, reverse osmosis unit, a unit for imparting favorable taste and water properties to the water and bl to the water bottling, it is additionally equipped with a magnetic field generator located after the mechanosorption water purification unit to influence the passing magnetic field before entering the high pressure pump, the output of which is connected to the reverse osmosis unit, with which activated carbon cartridges and a filter with silver schungite loading, communicated through the unit for imparting favorable taste properties to the water, filled in the form of a cartridge mineralizer, into a water storage device, equipped with ultraviolet lamps to maintain the absence of a bacterial component in the water for dispensing water to the water dispensing unit, made with two water dispensing channels, while the body is made with a front wall, which is a double-leaf door, in each leaf of which a niche is formed to accommodate a container for filling with water and a place for the control unit for the process of issuing water and turning on the ozonizer, the water dispensing unit in a niche on one leaf is in communication with the first water dispensing channel in which the acoustic unit is located action on the water flow in this channel, the water dispensing unit in a niche on another leaf is in communication with the second water dispensing channel directly connected to the water storage, and the mechanosorption water purification unit includes cartridges with quartz sand filters that are sequentially mounted along the flow of treated water and with activated carbon, and the indicated micron and ultra-micron cleaning cartridges.

In addition, the device can be equipped with a cavitation reactor chamber located after the high pressure pump and communicated along the stream of purified water with a reverse osmosis unit.

Also, the device may be equipped with a freezing unit located in the flow of the first channel for the delivery of water.

These features are significant and are interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

The present utility model is illustrated by a specific example of execution, which, however, is not the only possible one, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the required technical result.

In FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a domestic water purification device;

FIG. 2 - water purification device for domestic use in a housing with doors.

According to the present invention, there is considered a water purification device for domestic use, which allows to obtain purified water from pollution and bacteria without the use of chemical components.

In the General case, the device for water treatment for domestic use (Fig. 1 and 2) contains located in a common housing and mounted on its walls, components lined up in a common serial chain of passage of the treated water. It is fashionable to consider, as an example, a large-capacity storage tank or connection to a centralized water supply system as a water source. Under consideration

the device is not designed to process water from contaminated sources or rivers (due to the lack of blocks for rough cleaning of water from macroinclusions and coagulation), but can process spring water or water from artesian sources.

The housing of the device is preferably made of a metal sheet and has the shape of a parallelepiped with a front wall, which is a double-leaf door. Thus, conditionally, the front wall of the apparatus is divided into two sectors. In each casement a niche is formed to accommodate a container (glass or bottle or other shape) for filling with water and a place for a control unit for the process of dispensing water (for example, the volume of water dispensed). In addition, in each such unit there is a button for turning on the ozonizer (at the request of the consumer). The ozonation unit is mounted on the corresponding door leaf. It can be individual for each leaf or made common for each leaf. If desired, the consumer can get water with the effect of ozonation by pressing the corresponding button.

Ozone is a strong oxidizing agent, thanks to which it is possible to purify drinking water in a quality manner. To date, the ozonation of drinking fluid is considered the most effective way of disinfection. Water saturated with ozone does not deteriorate for a long time. It can be used not only for drinking, but also for washing, watering plants, filling aquariums, etc. Under the influence of ozone, water is saturated with oxygen, which, in turn, has a beneficial effect on the human body at the cellular level. For a quick period of time, water is saturated with oxygen and disinfected. The ozone treatment procedure is short-term. Ozone purifies water from any existing microbes, changes the structure of water, but retains its properties, while there are no by-products - in the process of purification, ozone is quickly converted into oxygen, which enriches water. It is believed that ozonated water is useful to everyone without exception, but it is especially important for those who have problems of the following nature to take water: anemia, autoimmune diseases, postoperative period, chronic fatigue, bronchial asthma.

It is believed that it improves metabolic processes at the cellular level, saturates tissues with oxygen, stimulates cell regeneration, increases the overall surge of strength and improves performance, as harmful compounds, decay products and toxins leave the body.

But with all this, the properties of ozonation are still disputed by experts. There are no direct indications for the use of ozonated water. But the lack of direct evidence at the official level does not allow the use of this option as mandatory. In this regard, the ozonation of water supplied to the consumer in the framework of this utility model is considered as an additional option used at the request of the consumer and in accordance with his personal attitude to the product obtained as a result of this process.

At the inlet of the device, there is a common flow meter 1 and pump 2, which is configured to turn on the signal of the sensor about the presence of water in the input line (for example, coming from a storage tank or a pipe of a structured water supply system) and increasing the pressure (controlled at the pump output by a pressure gauge 3) at the inlet of the mechanosorption water treatment unit. This mechanosorption water purification unit includes cartridges 4 and 5 with quartz sand filters and activated carbon sequentially mounted in accordance with the total flow of treated water, and micron and ultra-micron cartridges 6 and 7.

From the mechanosorption water purification unit, the purified water stream passes through the zone of the magnetic field generator 8 to influence the passing stream with a magnetic field until it enters the high-pressure boost pump 9, the outlet of which is in communication with the cavitation chamber of the reactor 10 communicated along the stream of purified water with the return unit 11 osmosis (reverse osmosis installation), with which sequentially mounted cartridges 12 and 13 with activated carbon and with a filter with shungite-silver loading, respectively, communicated through the unit for imparting favorable taste properties to the water (made in the form of a cartridge mineralizer 14) to the water storage 15. Alternatively, if the cavitation reactor does not fit the dimensions of the device’s body, then this reactor will not be molten. In this case, the output of the boost pump 9 high pressure, communicated directly with the block 11 reverse osmosis.

The water storage 15 performs the function of a sterilizer and is equipped with ultraviolet lamps to maintain in the water the absence of a bacterial component entering the water filling unit, made with two water delivery channels.

The water filling unit is made of two channels. At the inlet of each channel, a flow meter 16 and 17 is located. The first channel is connected to a freezing unit 19 (water cooling device) through a booster pump 18 for water supply, in relation to which there is an acoustic effect from the acoustic impact unit. Thus, the water dispensing unit in the niche (nozzle or nozzle) on one leaf is in communication with the first water dispensing channel, in which the freezing unit 19 and the acoustic impact unit 20 on the water duct in this channel are located.

And the node for the delivery of water in a niche on another leaf is in communication with the second channel for the delivery of water and through it directly through a booster pump 21 with a water storage 15.

Ozonation chambers 22 and 23, mounted along the course of the water flow, are connected to ozone generators 24 and 25. Ozonation of water takes place at the time of its delivery to the tank.

Water from the supply source (water supply network, water tank or other) passes through a common flow meter 1, enters the booster pump 2, which works by the signal of the built-in sensor for the presence of water in the system and manometer 3 until the required pressure value is created. The injected water after pump 2 is cleaned in four cartridge filters 4-7: a filter with quartz sand, an activated carbon filter, a polypropylene filter with a cell of 5 micrometers, a polypropylene filter with a cell of 1 micrometer. In the block of mechanosorption water purification, water is purified from mechanical impurities and other inclusions, which are delayed by the filtering component.

After preliminary mechanosorption treatment, the water is treated by the action of a constant magnetic field in the magnetic field generator 8 and is boosted by a booster pump 9 into the cavitation reactor 10.

A water molecule can be represented as an elementary dipole - a particle with positively charged and negatively charged poles. Under the influence of forces of mutual attraction and repulsion of water molecules, dipoles form the so-called clusters. Similarly, clusters can form around impurities present in water. Thus, salts dissolved in water are constantly surrounded by water molecules. In our case, calcium ions (determining the hardness of water) cannot interact with other impurities in order to settle on their surface or form a different chemical structure that would not precipitate in the form of scale. During magnetic processing in a device, a magnetic field acts on water molecules and impurities. Dipoles fall into resonance, and the cluster structure of water molecules is destroyed. Impurities are exempted from the guardianship of water clusters and can interact with each other. In this case, even in cold water, calcium ions begin to precipitate on the surface of free impurities - crystallization centers, forming the so-called microcrystals. This process is avalanche-like - new calcium ions attach to already precipitated calcium on the surface of microcrystals. If the magnetic processing device is installed on new equipment or on equipment after cleaning, then the scale does not fall out. In addition, a thin oxide film forms on the pipe surface over time, protecting the equipment from corrosion. Water treated with a magnetic treatment device retains its properties for some time - from 10 hours to 8 days, depending on the composition of the water and operating conditions.

In addition to the benefits of reducing water hardness, positive results have been noted in the treatment of magnetized water in patients suffering from skin diseases. Experiments conducted by doctors together with physicists have shown that the use of water treated with a magnetic field increases the permeability of biological membranes of tissue cells, reduces the amount of cholesterol in the blood and liver, regulates blood pressure, increases metabolism, and promotes the release of small kidney stones. It should be recognized that magnetic field treatment has a positive effect on the structure and property of water.

In the laboratories of the Research Institute of New Medical Technologies (State Unitary Enterprise TO Research Institute of Metallurgical Technologies, Department of Organic Chemistry of the North Ossetian State University), together with the Federal State Institution Center for Water Resources of North Ossetia-Alania, a number of studies were carried out to study the effect of cavitation processes (KO) with the subsequent treatment of carbonated water that was structured in such a way minerals (for example, shungite), to change the properties of water.

To study the influence of the KO method on the properties of the treated water, we selected surface water samples of the most polluted sections of the Terek and Fiagdon rivers polluted with organic substances - waste from alcohol-producing enterprises of the Republic, as well as samples of chemically-polluted effluents of OJSC Electrozinc, which, along with distilleries, are selected as objects. The main source of water pollution. The studies were carried out according to the developed technology, including preliminary treatment of contaminated water in an ultrasonic field with a frequency of 30-40 kHz, followed by insisting for 2 days over carbon quartz. Observation of the water state showed that already in the first 10-15 minutes brown and light flakes begin to form and precipitate. An analysis of precipitation showed that brown flakes are hydrated forms of iron (III) hydroxide and other metals of the iron group, while light flakes are decomposition products (deaths) of water microflora containing organic substances.

Studying the CO effect on drinking water, the effect of extraction of minerals into water with the formation of a finely dispersed phase (colloids), which retain their properties for 2-3 days, was discovered. This effect can be used to saturate water with useful minerals in a short period of time. Colloidal particles can easily penetrate through cell membranes and saturate cells with useful substances, which leads to a healing effect when such water is consumed. Moreover, it was experimentally proved that the basic chemical composition of water (for cations and anions) practically does not change.

As a result of the analysis on the effect of MCO on highly polluted surface waters, it was shown that the use of organic matter allows to significantly (up to 10 times) reduce the concentration of organic pollutants in surface waters, as well as the concentration of heavy metal ions. The introduction of KO will make it possible to purify and use even heavily contaminated water in everyday life, and treating drinking water as a therapeutic one with a healing effect.

The treated water with a magnetic field and a navigational action, in order to increase the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane, enters the reverse osmosis unit 11 (reverse osmosis unit). In order to give water favorable taste properties after the installation of reverse osmosis, the water is sequentially conditioned on: a cartridge filter with activated carbon, a cartridge filter with schungite-silver loading and in a cartridge mineralizer 14 and enters the water tank 15. The water tank 15 (tank) is equipped with ultraviolet lamps (sterilizers) ) to maintain the absence of a bacterial component in water.

During ultraviolet treatment, electrons are knocked out of the water surface due to the photoelectric effect: Oxygen gas is removed, and water decomposes with the formation of hydroxyls, which quickly make the reaction alkaline. This is an effective method of activating water. Water treatment with ultraviolet radiation (wavelength 253.7 nm) neutralizes bacteria, viruses and other simple microorganisms and prevents their reproduction. The method works even if microorganisms become immune to the chemicals used.

Depending on the choice of the consumer, the pump 18 or 19 for supplying water to the consumer is turned on. Accounting for the analysis of water on the lines of each channel is carried out separately by flow meters 16 and 17. From the pump 18, the water enters the freezing unit 19 (refrigeration unit), where the water is cooled and acoustic, using an acoustic generator 20.

Alternatively, in this channel, the freezing unit 19 (refrigeration unit) may be absent or this unit may be configured to turn it off (as a separate option).

Then, at the consumer’s choice, ozone is supplied to the ozonation chamber 22 and water supply, which is generated by the ozone generator 24. And from the pump 21, water is supplied directly to the ozonation chamber 23 and water supply, which is also ozonized at the customer’s choice by the ozone generator 25.

It should be noted that water is not an ordinary object. Water is an associated fluid with a high dielectric constant and a large dipole moment for molecules. Its last property leads to self-organization of water. The results of a number of studies explain, based on the cluster-fractal model, the possibility of considering water as a mixture of free molecules and fragments with an ordered hexagonal structure, at the vertices of the hexagons of which OH- radicals are located. Based on the explanations of this theory, scientists noticed an interesting property of water - the pH of the water changes if it is mixed, for example, transfused from one vessel to another. And then after a sufficiently long time, after the water has settled, the pH takes its former value. If we take into account the cluster organization of water, then such a change in pH becomes understandable. While the water is in a steady state, the pH has one value, due to external conditions. After mixing, or transfusion, the cluster structure is broken, and the pH takes a different value. After “settling”, the cluster structure is restored, and the pH returns to its previous value. And the acoustic effect on water forms a structured cluster system in it. Due to the presence of hydrogen bonds, each water molecule forms a hydrogen bond with 4 neighboring molecules, forming an openwork mesh frame, similar to the shape of the frame in the ice molecule. However, in the liquid state, water is a disordered liquid; these hydrogen bonds are spontaneous, short-lived, break quickly and form again. All this leads to heterogeneity in the structure of water. At the moment of acoustic exposure, short-term formation of bonds similar to the skeleton of an ice molecule occurs.

This utility model is industrially applicable and can be used to disinfect purified water.

Claims (3)

1. A water purification device for domestic use, comprising a pump located in a common housing and mounted on its walls and configured to turn on the signal from the sensor about the presence of water in the inlet line and increase the pressure at the inlet of the mechanosorption water purification unit, including filter micron and ultra-micron cleaning cartridges, as well as a high pressure pump, reverse osmosis unit, a unit for imparting favorable taste properties to the water and a water filling unit, characterized in that it is supplemented It is equipped with a magnetic field generator located after the mechanosorption water treatment unit to influence the passing magnetic field before entering the high pressure pump, the output of which is connected to the reverse osmosis unit, with which activated carbon cartridges and a filter with a silver schungite-loaded filter are connected, communicated through a unit for imparting favorable taste properties to water, made in the form of a cartridge mineralizer, with a water storage unit equipped with ultraviolet lamas to maintain the absence of a bacterial component in the water for supplying it to the water dispensing unit, made with two water dispensing channels, while the body is made with a front wall, which is a double-leaf door, in each leaf of which a niche is formed to accommodate the container for filling with water and place for the control unit for the process of issuing water and turning on the ozonizer, the node for water discharge in a niche on one leaf is in communication with the first channel for water discharge, in which the node for acoustic impact on the water duct m channel, the water delivery unit in a niche on another leaf is in communication with the second water delivery channel directly connected to the water storage, and the mechanosorption water treatment unit includes cartridges with filters with quartz sand and activated carbon sequentially mounted downstream of the treated water and indicated micron and ultra-micron cleaning cartridges. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a cavitation reactor chamber located after the high-pressure pump and communicated along the stream of purified water with a reverse osmosis unit. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a freezing unit located in the stream of the first channel for the delivery of water.

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