RU184550U1 - Installation for biological wastewater treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of biological treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater, similar in composition to domestic wastewater, using activated sludge. The technical task is to develop and create a biological wastewater treatment plant that has a simple, uncomplicated in production and operation, compact design with a high service life and improved wastewater treatment characteristics, which is the technical result of the proposed installation; achieved through the installation of biological wastewater treatment, comprising a housing separated by partitions on the receiving chamber, aeration tank, secondary sump, sludge stabilizer; a control unit and a compressor connected to it through an electromagnetic valve an aeration system, while the housing is made in the form of a cylinder, and the secondary sump is formed by vertical walls; in this case, the secondary sump is connected to the aeration tank through a lower cutout with a length of at least 80% of the width of the connecting wall, and in the wall connecting the secondary sump and the aeration tank, an inclined plane (cut-off) is placed opposite the lower cutout for rolling the sludge into the aeration tank with an inclination of 30-35 °.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of biological treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater, similar in composition to domestic wastewater, using activated sludge.

From the prior art (patent of the Russian Federation No. 97362 for utility model “INSTALLATION FOR WATER CLEANING”), a water treatment plant is known, comprising a housing in which there is a receiving chamber, aeration tank, a secondary settling tank and a sludge stabilizer, as well as connected to the unit control and aeration system connected to at least one compressor via an electromagnetic valve, consisting of a turbo mode subsystem, a direct cleaning phase subsystem and a reverse cleaning phase subsystem, the turbo subsystem ima turboraspredelitel comprises air, a main pump with a filter of large fractions of the main air duct of the pump, the main pump purging air pipe in the receiving chamber, and a pump circulator aeration tank with pump-duct circulator; the subsystem of the direct phase of cleaning includes an air distributor, an air duct for external aeration of the filter of large fractions and an aeration tank aerator with an air duct; and the subsystem of the reverse phase of cleaning includes an air distributor, an aerator of the receiving chamber with an air duct, a recirculator pump with an air duct, a sludge stabilizer pump with an air duct, a secondary clarifier pump with an air duct, and a secondary purge air purge air duct; at the same time, a flow damper and a purge nozzle are located in the secondary sump. This technical solution was taken as the closest analogue.

The disadvantage of this installation is the complex and high-cost production of the hull, the unstable operation of the secondary sump identified during operation, and the difficulty in servicing and repairing.

The unstable operation of the secondary settling tank of the installation, adopted as the closest analogue, consists in the removal of excess activated sludge due to violations of the operating instructions of the installation, namely delays in performing maintenance and a significant excess of concentrations of substances not recommended for discharge into the sewer, in particular surfactants , petroleum products, regeneration waters, biodegradable substances and various chemicals that have a negative impact on the biocenosis, after which a partial or complete death of the latter, surfacing and removal. In the proposed technical solution, the probability of dying and surfacing of activated sludge is minimized due to an increase in the volume of the secondary sump (there is a greater dilution of substances harmful to the biocenosis) and due to the vertical walls of the accelerated process of separation of the water-sludge mixture, which directly affects the quality of wastewater treatment. Difficulties in performing service and repair work in the installation, taken as an analogue, lie in the limited space for access to the internal parts of the installation due to the rigid fastening of the compressor box and the presence of struts in most models. These design features, which are completely excluded in the proposed utility model, did not allow for high-quality and full implementation of work inside the installation.

The technical problem for which the proposed utility model is intended is the development and creation of a biological wastewater treatment plant that has a simple, not difficult to manufacture and operate, compact design with a high service life and improved wastewater treatment characteristics, which is the technical result of the proposed installation.

The achievement of the specified technical result is ensured by the modernized design of the installation casing and the optimization of internal structural solutions. The housing of the proposed installation is a cylindrical container (1) made of polypropylene with a thickness of 8-15 mm, depending on the expected performance, having one vertical weld seam made on a welding machine by butt welding. The seam obtained by this method is the most durable, relative to other methods. The connection of the bottom and the lid with the body is a T-shaped welded joint, preferably made manually (the internal weld is made using a hand-held building hair dryer, and the external one is a hand-made extruder). Polypropylene sheets, with a thickness of 8 to 20 mm (depending on the expected capacity), forming the bottom and top of the unit are rectangular in shape, the corners of which protrude beyond the dimensions of the cylindrical body, thereby serving as a lug to prevent the unit from floating in high groundwater conditions . From the outside of the body, to the entire height, as well as to the protruding corners of the polypropylene sheet, forming the bottom and the upper floor, are welded, using a hand extruder, at least four vertical polypropylene strips with a width of 70-120 mm and a thickness of 8-15 mm, performing the function stiffening ribs of the body and reinforcing the seam between the wall of the installation body, the bottom and the upper floor.

By reducing the influence of the human factor on the quality of welding work during the manufacture of the case, the product strength is increased and the manufacturing accuracy is increased, and its cost is also significantly reduced. The application of the above technical solutions in the manufacture of the installation housing completely eliminates the need for additional elements to increase strength characteristics, such as additional stiffeners and internal struts. The increased rigidity of the installation, in turn, increases its life.

The capacity of the proposed installation is divided by partitions into four compartments: a receiving chamber (2), an aeration tank (3), a secondary sump (4) and a sludge stabilizer (5). The installation also includes a control unit (6), a compressor (7) and an aeration system connected to it via an electromagnetic valve (8). The control unit (6), the compressor (7), the electromagnetic valve (8), as well as the power outlet for 220 V equipment are located in a removable compressor box inside the unit, which serves to accommodate the above electrical equipment and maximize protection of the latter from moisture. The box is mounted on L-shaped guides, rigidly welded to the neck of the installation. The advantage of a removable compressor box is the ability to remove it from the installation, providing easy access to the compartments of the installation when servicing or replacing equipment.

The aeration system includes three subsystems: a turbo-mode subsystem, a direct cleaning phase subsystem, and a reverse cleaning phase subsystem.

The turbo mode subsystem includes an air turbo distributor (9), a main pump (10) with a coarse filter (11), an air duct for the main pump (12), an air duct for purging the main pump in the receiving chamber (13), and an eroten circulator pump (14) ) with the air pipe of the circulator pump (15).

The subsystem of the direct phase of cleaning includes a direct phase air distributor (16), an external aeration duct (17) of the coarse fractions filter (11) and an aeration tank aerator (18) with an air duct (19).

The reverse phase cleaning subsystem includes an air distributor (20), a receiving chamber aerator (21) with an air duct (22), a recirculation pump (23) with an air duct (24), a sludge pump (25) with an air duct (26), a grease extractor ( 27) a secondary clarifier (4) with an air duct (28), as well as an air duct (29) for purging the secondary clarifier.

In the closest analogue of the installation, the secondary sump is made in the form of an inverted truncated pyramid, the secondary sump (4) of the modernized design is made without inclined walls - thus the sludge settles and moves along an inclined (from 30 ° to 35 °) plane (cut-off) (37) through the cut-out in the wall (36) to the bottom faster, thereby returning it to the aeration tank (3). The cutoff angle (37) from 30 to 35 degrees is necessary for the accelerated movement of the settled activated sludge, while this placement of the cutoff plane significantly saves the useful volume of the secondary sump. The cut-off is rigidly welded to the wall of the casing, the wall of the adjacent compartment and the bottom of the installation, covering more than 85-90% of the area of the secondary sump, providing sludge rolling directly to the cutout in the wall (36) with the aeration tank (3). The pumping of the sludge rolled down to the cutout in the wall (36) into the aeration tank (3) is facilitated by the vertical movement (flow) of the water-silt masses created by the working aerator (18). In addition, due to the use of vertical walls, the working volume of the secondary settler of the proposed design is greater than in the closest analogue, which allows better separation of the water-sludge mixture. This design of the secondary sump allows you to achieve a second technical result, namely, improving the characteristics of wastewater treatment. In the secondary sump (4) are also located: flow damper (30) and the secondary sump purge (31). In the receiving chamber (2) are located a working level float sensor (32) and an emergency level float sensor (33).

The length of the cutout in the lower part of the wall between the aeration tank (3) and the secondary sump (4) is at least 80% of the wall width. The indicated cutout length is due to the need to exclude the delay in the passage of settled sludge and create stagnant zones. At the same time, the remaining 20% of the wall width, rigidly welded to the base of the housing, the bottom, and in the center of the installation to the walls of adjacent compartments ensure the preservation of the strength characteristics of the installation housing in this section.

The installation is completed with a heat-insulated cover (41) made mainly of 12-15 mm thick integral polypropylene sheet. The cover is attached to the neck with two movable axles, mainly made of stainless steel, fixed with stainless nuts and washers. As a cover insulation, mainly technical thermal insulation from extruded polystyrene foam with a thickness of 8-20 mm is used, fixed to its inner surface with plastic clips. The thickness of the insulation used depends on the climatic conditions at the installation site. The cover (41) is equipped with a ventilation device (43), which ensures the flow of air into the installation, which is necessary for the normal operation of the compressor (7) and the emergency light (42) (strobe lamp). The ventilation device (43) is attached, mainly by welding to the lid (41) directly above the compressor box. A light alarm (strobe lamp) is installed on the cover along the central axis opposite the ventilation device (43) and is attached to the cover with two stainless steel screws. The emergency alarm strobe-lamp operates on a signal from the emergency level sensor (33). The electrical cable from the alarm is inserted into the compressor box through the PG7 pressure lead (38). The power cables of the float-operated level sensor (32) and the float-operated emergency level sensor (33) are led into the compressor box through the PG9 pressure glands (39) and connected to the control unit (6). The compressor (7) is connected to the electrical network through the patch socket (40), which is included in the control unit (6). The electric network is led to the installation through a corner with a pressure gland (for example, gander ∅20) (44).

The biological wastewater treatment plant can be equipped with a purified water tank (34) with a drain pump (35) for forcing the purified water to a discharge point.

The installation device for the biological treatment of water is illustrated by the drawing shown in figures 1 and 2.

The positions in the drawing indicate the following components and installation details:

1 - installation casing;

2 - receiving chamber;

3 - aeration tank;

4 - secondary sump;

5 - sludge stabilizer;

6 - control unit;

7 - compressor;

8 - the electromagnetic valve;

9 - turbo distributor;

10 - the main pump;

11 - filter of large fractions;

12 - air duct of the main pump;

13 - air purge pump;

14 - circulator pump;

15 - air duct of the circulator;

16 - direct phase distributor;

17 - air duct filter large fractions;

18 - aeration tank aerator;

19 - air duct aerator aeration tank;

20 - reverse phase distributor;

21 - aerator of the receiving chamber;

22 - air duct aerator of the receiving chamber;

23 - recirculating pump;

24 - recirculator air duct;

25 - sludge pump;

26 - air pipe sludge pump;

27 - grease remover;

28 - air duct grease remover;

29 - air purge secondary sump;

30 - sedative;

31 - purge secondary sump;

32 - float level sensor working;

33 - emergency level sensor;

34 - capacity of pure water;

35 - drainage pump;

36 - wall with a lower neckline;

37 - inclined plane (cutoff);

38 - pressure seal PG7;

39 - pressure seal PG9;

40 - socket;

41 - cover;

42 - emergency alarm (strobe lamp);

43 - ventilation device;

44 - a corner with a pressure lead (gander ∅20);

45 - plug silt stabilizer pump.

Installation for biological treatment of water works as follows. Wastewater, mainly domestic water, enters the receiving chamber (2), where large fractions of contaminants (large garbage, floating substances) are separated using a filter of large fractions (11). The receiving chamber 2 will allow to take a salvo discharge of wastewater and average them over the composition, without violating the mode of operation of the remaining compartments of the installation. In the receiving chamber (2), biological treatment of wastewater begins using activated sludge entering the sludge stabilizer (5) during the reverse phase and air entering through the aeration chamber aerator (21) and air duct (22). The level of wastewater in the receiving chamber 2 is monitored using float level sensors: working (32) and emergency (33). Periodically, purging through air ducts (12) and (13), respectively, is used to clean from possible contaminants, the main pump (10) and the filter of large fractions (11). Air supply to all compartments of the installation is carried out using a compressor (7).

From the receiving chamber (2), the wastewater via the main pump (10) enters the aeration tank (3), in which intensive biological treatment occurs using activated sludge. The aeration tank (3) alternately operates in two modes, which are set by the control unit (6), switching the electromagnetic valve (8). In the first mode (nitrification), the wastewater is intensively mixed and saturated with atmospheric oxygen using an air duct (22) and an aerator (21) of the receiving chamber. In this case, the direct phase distributor (16) of the air works. In the second mode (denitrification), the air supply and mixing are stopped, the settled sludge is pumped to the sludge stabilizer (5) by a recirculation pump (23), the air into which is supplied by the air duct (24).

From the aeration tank (3), a mixture of purified water and activated sludge through a circulation pump (14) and an air duct (15) through a flow damper (30) enters the secondary sump (4), where gravitational separation of water and activated sludge takes place. Active sludge under the influence of gravity is deposited in the lower part of the secondary sump (4) and rolls along an inclined plane (37) to the border with the aeration tank and, for the most part, falls into the latter through a cutout in the wall (36) under the influence of the pressure created by the rolling sludge. The movement of sludge into the aeration tank (3) is also facilitated by the upward flow created by the aerator (18). The grease film floating on the surface in the secondary sump (4) is removed by the grease remover (27) during the reverse phase by supplying air to it through the air duct of the grease remover (28). The purified and clarified water from the secondary sump (4) is gravity-discharged outside the unit or enters the clean water tank (34), from where the purified water is further pumped out by the drainage pump (35) to the discharge point.

Excess activated sludge from the aeration tank (3) is pumped out by a circulator (14) to the sludge stabilizer (5). Air is circulated to the circulating pump (14) through the air duct of the circulator (15).

During operation of the reverse phase, air is supplied through the air line (29) to the purge of the secondary sump (31), which ensures the direction of fluid flow towards the grease remover (27). Also, in the reverse phase, air is supplied through the air duct (26) to the sludge stabilizer pump (25) (a variant with an aerator instead of a pump is possible).

The sludge stabilizer pump (25), which serves to purge the sludge stabilizer (saturates the compartment with oxygen), is made with a plug (45). The length of the flexible hose of the sludge pump is calculated taking into account the possibility of removing it outside the installation to perform maintenance work on pumping out excess activated sludge without the use of additional pumping equipment or a cesspool machine. Excess activated sludge is pumped out in a semi-automatic mode outside the installation when the installation is in direct phase and the plug (45) is removed from the pump (25).

The turbo distributor (9) operates independently of the activation of the solenoid valve (8). It is designed to distribute air to the air duct (24) of the recirculation pump (23) of the aeration tank (3), the air duct (12) of the main pump (10) of the receiving chamber (2), and the air duct of the purge pump (13) of the receiving chamber (2).

In case of stopping the flow of wastewater into the installation, the mode switches and the operation of the installation is carried out with continuous recycling of wastewater. When the main pump (10) pumps water from the intake chamber (2) to the minimum acceptable level, the control unit (6) switches the solenoid valve (8) to the reverse cleaning phase mode - the reverse phase distributor (20) starts working. In the case when it is necessary to forcibly discharge to the discharge point of purified water, a clean water tank (34) with a drainage pump (35) is installed above the receiving chamber, which carries out the forced discharge.

Claims (5)

1. Installation of biological wastewater treatment, comprising a housing separated by partitions on the receiving chamber, aeration tank, a secondary sump, a sludge stabilizer; a control unit and a compressor connected to it through an electromagnetic valve an aeration system, characterized in that the casing is made in the form of a cylinder, and the secondary sump is formed by vertical walls, while the secondary sump is connected to the aeration tank through a lower cutout with a length of at least 80% of the width of the connecting wall, and in the wall connecting the secondary sump and the aeration tank, opposite the lower cutout there is an inclined plane (cut-off) for rolling the sludge into the aeration tank with an inclination of 30-35 °. 2. The biological wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressor box is removable. 3. The biological wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the plant is made of homogeneous polypropylene sheet with a thickness of 8-20 mm, having a rectangular shape and protruding beyond the dimensions of the cylindrical body, thereby performing the function of a lug. 4. The biological wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that at least four vertical stiffeners are welded to the sides of the installation casing by means of an extrusion method to strengthen the wall of the installation casing and the bottom is fixed. 5. The biological wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is made of homogeneous polypropylene with a thickness of 8-15 mm.

Images