RU1798129C - Abrasive cutting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: for trimming pipes. SUBSTANCE: swinging base with cantilever support and electrically insulated rollers is mounted on the machine bed, and the swinging base is equipped with a pressure roller with a slot to accommodate a ring interacting with the tool wear sensor. 1 s.p. f-ly, 8 ill.

Description

The invention relates to pipe production, and in particular to pre-production sections for conversion pipes and their finishing. It can be used in similar areas in mechanical engineering.

The purpose of the invention is to increase machine productivity.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of an abrasive cutting machine, side view; FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 1; figure 3 is a view along arrow B. on Fig, 1; figure 4 is a view along arrow B in figure 3; 5-node I in FIG. 1; Fig. b is a diagram depicting the position of some mechanisms in the initial position; Fig. 7 is a diagram of some mechanisms in the initial and operational positions; Fig. 8 is a diagram for explaining cutting.

Accepted in the drawings, conditional images:

HELL. - abrasive disc; do - the initial diameter of A.D. in delivery condition:

di is the diameter of the worn A.D. at about. cutting fixed pipes;

Def.sh is the diameter of the compression washer; dtp. - diameter of the cut pipe;

The D-constant gap between the pressure washer and the pipe is taken equal to mm;

h is the penetration depth of A.D. into the pipe after reaching which, cutting is stopped. clicks;

dp is the diameter of the pinch roller;

ytr.max - maximum diameter of pipes of the accepted assortment;

a is the distance from the lower generatrix of the finger 17 to the inner surface of the earring 18 (Fig. 1); :

H is the distance from the start of the movement A.D. with a diameter do to the line corresponding to the position of the lower generatrix A.D. at the end of trimming of two pressed pipes;

K is the distance from the lower generatrix of A.D. with doflo the upper generatrix of the closest of the pipes dip.Maxc. in the pressed state minus the constant clearance S equal to 5-10 mm;

b is the distance from the depression on the short shoulder of the lever 19 to the pin 26 cantileverly mounted in the gear sector 12 (it is proportional to the distance K);

A is the distance from the lower generatrix of A.D. when do to the upper generatrix of pipes of maximum diameter loaded on rollers 32, 33.

ate

xj

Yu Oh

. &

Yu

It depends on the loading path and the difference between the maximum and minimum pipe diameters of the accepted product range.

e - the magnitude of the groove in the eye 9 of the hydraulic brake is proportional to the stroke. A.D., at do to the nearest of the pipes ochr.maks. in the pressed state minus the gap S (Fig. 1) .. i.e. proportional to K. .

. S -1-: the clearance that A.D. passes on the working feed before cutting. It is taken equal to 5-10 mm;

b - the amount of wear A.D; radius for one cut ...

The machine consists of a bed swinging from the frame 1, the tool head 2 with an abrasive disk (A.D.) of the electric drive 3, connected to the tool head by a V-belt transmission 4, a support 5 with an axis 6 (around which the frame 1 is swinging, connected finger 7 with a pneumatic cylinder 8, and with an eye 9 with a groove - with a hydraulic brake 10. A stop 11 is mounted on the frame 1. On the axis 6, the gear sector 12 is freely mounted, engaged with: cistern 13 connected to the pneumatic cylinder; 14 , sector T2 rests on the spring-loaded stop 15, and the frame 1 rests 1.1 on the stop and sector 12, which fixes its initial position. The cantilever pin 16 is fixed on frame 1, and the cantilever pin 17 is fixed on sector 12. The fingers are connected by the earring 18 with a slot. nie.rt the lower generatrix of the finger 17 to the inner surface of the earrings 18;

H is the distance from the start of the movement A.D. with diameter do. to the line corresponding to the position of the lower generatrix A.D. at the end of pipe trimming. A two-arm lever 19, which follows the change in the diameter of the pipes, is set freely on the axle. The lever 19 is driven from the pneumatic cylinder 20. Moreover, at the same distance from the axis 6, the follower lever 19 and the spindle 21 of the instrumental VOLVO 2 are equipped with rozhimnym rollers, respectively 2.2 and 23 of equal diameter. The pressure roller 23 is made with a recess along the generatrix, in which the movable ring 24 is freely placed, with the possibility of periodic action on the sensor 25. tool wear mounted on a swinging frame.

The short arm of the follower arm 19 is provided with a cavity, the distance b from which to the pin 26, cantileverly mounted in the gear sector 12, is proportional to the distance K.

The hydraulic brake 10 is equipped with a piston 27, a stem 28, a check valve 29 and a throttle 30. Holes are made for the flow of fluid in the cylinder body.

The magnitude of the groove e in the eye 9 of the hydraulic brake is proportional to the course of A.D. at do to the nearest ytr.max pipe. in the pressed state minus the constant clearance S (5-10 mm), i.e. in proportion to K. The clearance is necessary in order to exclude a plunge

HELL. into the pipe at fast feed, i.e. dl

increase reliability during operation, as

they are compensated for inaccuracies of various kinds. arising, as in the manufacture of a machine

5 as during its operation (the spread of time delays in the elements of the electrical control circuit, the presence of air bubbles in the hydraulic brake, etc.).

Under A.D. a half-cylindrical, swinging base 31 is mounted on the bed, bearing three-roller bearings with a central drive roller 32, on both sides of which non-driving shaft are installed .5 Ki 33. The axis of rotation of the drive roller 32 is aligned with the axis of the base 31. That is, it the base is made as part of a (planed) cylinder with a radius from the center (axis of rotation) of the drive roll. Base 31

0 is mounted on roller bearings 34, one of which is provided with two smooth rollers 35, and the other two rollers 36 with protrusions included in the groove made on the base 31, which is not allowed.

5 years to the last to move axially

direction. .. To the end face of the base 31 a support is mounted with .console conical insulated disks 37 (made of non-conductive material). These discs are coaxial to the rolls 32 and 33 and the conical part faces towards the side of the cut-off, which enters the skid 38 and goes into the box (not shown in the drawings). Over

5 discs 37 (Fig.Z, 4) on the drive lever 39 is pivotally insulated from the lever rocker 40 with the third and fourth pressure rollers 41, electrically connected by a conductor 42 with an electric

0 by the control circuit. Pinch rollers 41 are mounted in a plane passing through the plane of the conical discs.

Trotter rollers 41, as well as the end face of the rollers 37. is located with a small (3-5 mm fig.Z)

5 clearance from the lateral plane A.D. in order to obtain a short trim. The rollers 41 coaxially with the drive 43 and discs 37 form an additional clamping unit for holding the front end of the pipes. Since A.D. is a dielectric, then structural

the implementation of the non-metal rollers 37 and the isolation of the rocker arm 40 from the lever 39 makes it possible to fix the moment of termination of trimming by breaking the electric circuit (that is, essentially instantly).

A gear 44 is mounted on the end of the drive roller 32, which engages with the same gear 45 mounted on the shaft of the gearbox 46 connected to the electric drive 47. The machine is equipped with a preliminary position with a roller table 48, which feeds the pipes to an adjustable stop trim length ( not shown), self-aligning devices for supporting long pipes, a discharge roller 49 and allows front loading and unloading of pipes by means of a rack transfer.

Pipes to be cut are placed on the rolls 32, 33 and discs 37. Position 50 indicates the pipe of the maximum diameter of the received assortment, A.D. mounted on the spindle by means of a clamping washer 51, which is pressed by the nut 52. The spindle 21 itself is mounted on bearings mounted in the housing 53 of the swing frame 1.

The diameter of the pressure plate dnp.m is 6-10 mm less than the diameter dp of the pressure roller 23.

In order to limit the angle of rotation of the semi-cylindrical base 31 to predetermined limits, which is determined by the assortment of pipes, a bracket 54 is attached to it with the ability to interact with the stop screws 55 mounted on the bed.

The design of self-aligning devices to support long pipes is not considered, since they belong to the mechanization that the machine is equipped with, and not directly to the machine. Fundamentally, these devices include a support similar to that of support 34 with rollers similar to those of cam 36, on which a base similar to base 31 is installed (only shorter than that). The latter is equipped with non-driven rollers with a diameter equal to the rolls 33. The devices are installed with the required pitch.

In the initial position, sector 12 rests on the spring-loaded stop 15. The frame 1 rests on the sector 12 against the sector 12, the electric drives 3 and 47 are turned off, the follower lever 19 is raised, and the lever 39 is also raised.

The stator works as follows.

Cutting pipes of maximum diameter.

Rolls 48 of the pipe in two pieces are fed to the stop (not shown) then the rack-and-pinion shifter in one move (not shown) are laid rolls 32. 33, on the discs 37 and

self-aligning devices to support long pipes. In this case, the next two pipes are laid on the roller table 48 and fed to the stop, after which the roller table 5 stops.

The presence of pipes on the rolls 32, 33 and discs 37 is fixed by a sensor, from the command of which the electric motor 3 is turned on, the drive in rotation A.D. Compressed

0 air into the used drain cavity of the pneumatic cylinder 20, Lever 19, turning around axis 6, rolls onto the pipes 50 with a roller 22, acts on them, turning at an angle to the state of equilibrium

5, base 31 (at the same time, due to the stiffness of the pipes, self-aligning devices for supporting long pipes are rotated). In this case, the short arm of the lever 19 passes a path equal to b and the depression

0 of the lever 19 meets with the finger 26. After that, after a constant time delay of about 0.5 seconds, the pneumatic cylinder 43 is activated, pressing the tubes 50 against the disks 37 by the rollers 41, the rollers 41 are self-mounted on the pipes by turning the rocker arm 40, not changing the position of the base 31 and firmly press the front ends of the pipes to the disks 37 ..

Simultaneously by supplying air into the cavity of the pneumatic cylinder 43, air is supplied to the rodless cavity of the pneumatic cylinder 8, from which the frame 1 with A.D. at fast feed, it approaches the pipes even after A.D. won't get to the pipes

5 to a distance of 5–5–10 mm, finger 7 passes a path equal to e. The rod 27 of the hydraulic brake 10, under the influence of the moving frame 1, starts to move upward, while the fluid is forced out through the channel in the housing and the throttle

0 ZO. Lowering feed rate to the working feed. A clearance of 5-10 mm is set to compensate for various kinds of errors in the manufacture and operation of A.D. crashes into pipes. After them. cuts, see Fig.7,

5 where A.D. shown by the dashed line, the electric circuit is broken - (pipes 50 - pinch rollers 41 - rocker 40) after: thereby compressed air is supplied to the rod cavity of the pneumatic cylinder 8 and rodless 43.

0 In this case, the trim of the pressure rollers 41 freed from the action of the pressure rollers and is directed along the slit 38 into the box. After a time delay, equal to A.D. from the area of cut pipes (in order to protect it

5 from accidental axial movements of the pipes) the pneumatic cylinder 20 raises the lever 19.

Since A.D. when cutting the first two pipes, it was worn out by a certain amount, then the path traveled by it will be equal to H + 6, where:

d - the amount of wear A.D. radius for one cut.

As a result of this, the earring 18 passes a distance greater than the distance a by an amount proportional to b, and the lower part of the slot of the earring 18, meeting with the finger 17, pulls the gear sector 12, which jumps to a tooth or two, relative to the dog supported by the cylinder 14 13 is in a new position.

Returning to its original position, the frame 1 abuts with an emphasis 1Tv, the raised sector 12, and the lower one forms A.D. occupies approximately the same position as before trimming the first two pipes (approximately because the sector provides stepwise position fixation). The piston 27 and the piston of the pneumatic cylinder 8 does not reach its lower covers by a certain amount. This compensates for the wear and tear of AD.

With further pipe cutting, the machine is repeated. The cut pipes by the transferring device are laid on the roller table 49 and removed from the machine.

In the case when A.D. it will wear to the value of cH, the pinch roller 23 will meet with the pipes 50 and cutting will stop. In this case, the ring 24 shunts the sensor. 25, which will give the command to turn on the electric drive 47. The drive roll is rotated, and pipes 50 are rotated with it, as a result of which they are cut. The electrical circuit in conductor 42 is broken and the mechanisms in the described sequence return. The follower lever 19 and the lever 39 are returned to their original position, and the frame 1 will occupy the same position that it occupied at the last cut, when the pipes were cut without turning. The drive 47 is turned off. When processing subsequent pipes, the operation is repeated. When did A.D. it will wear out to such an extent that it will not be able to cut the pipes when they are rotated, the pipes will rotate until the time-out has elapsed, which ensures that, from the moment of shunting of the sensor 25, a full revolution of the pipe of maximum diameter is completed. If after this exposure the electric circuit in conductor 42 does not break, then A.D. most worn out. After that, the pneumatic cylinder 14 retracts the dog 13, the follower growl 19 and the lever 39 are returned to their original position, the swinging frame 1 is returned to the spring-loaded stop 15.

After replacing A.D. the work is repeated in the described sequence, of course in

First, the undercut two pipes are cut.

From the design description it is clear that the wear compensation device A.D. Only works when trimming fixed pipes. However, the design of the machine can be supplemented by well-known designs (for example, according to the author's certificate (sfe 719818), which provide compensation for the wear of AD on rotary pipes. This question is not considered in this application, since this compensation is within certain limits of the pipe assortment can be neglected to simplify the design.When changing the diameter of the pipes to be cut, the cutter returns all the machine mechanisms to their original position, after which the work is repeated, with some differences from the above.

Assume that pipes of smaller diameter are laid on the rolls and discs (to simplify the description, we assume that the diameter A.D. is equal to do).

Compressed air is supplied into the rodless cavity of the pneumatic cylinder 20. The lever 19, turning around the axis 6, moves closer to the laid pipes with the roller 22, but does not touch them, since the bottom of the arm of the short arm of 19, has traveled the path b to finger 26 and rests against him. Roller 22 will stop at a distance from the pipes. After a constant time delay, the pneumatic cylinder 43 and 8 are activated. The movement of the swinging frame 1, starts. finger 26 moves with it, growls 19 with a roller 22, which first lies on the pipes (due to the shortest path to them) acts on them, while turning the base 31 at a certain angle. (At the same time, thanks to the stiffness of the pipes, the self-aligning devices for long pipe support). In this case, the soft shoulder of the lever 19 interacting with the finger 26 will raise the sector 12, which thanks to the dog 13 will take a new position. (In other words, the machine will be readjusted to the new pipe size). Further, the pipes are pressed by the rollers 41 to the disks 37.

When the swinging frame 1 moves, the distance elapses last in fast feed, after which the frame moves in the working feed. Thus, when trimming the first two pipes of a smaller diameter, the path of the frame 1 at the working feed will be larger by the difference in the maximum pipe diameter and this (smaller) diameter. Further work continues as previously described. Since when trimming these pipes A.D. worn out by a certain amount, then A.D. a greater path will pass than if there was no wear.

As a result, the sector is brought forward by a certain amount, slipping relative to the dog 13 and will take a new position. When the frame 1 returns, the stop 11 will meet with the sector 12, and the frame will take a new position.

. Thus, on the first two pipes, the position of the frame 1 was compensated taking into account not only AD wear, but also a change in the diameter of the pipe.

Further, the operation of the machine is repeated, as described above, until A.D. is completely worn out.

If, for various reasons (an odd number of pipes in the bag, failures when loading pipes, etc.), one pipe instead of two will be laid on the base 31 with rolls 32, 33, then under the influence of the roller. 22, the base 31 will rotate to the stop of the bracket 54 into one of the screws 55, the pipe will be pressed against the corresponding rollers and the cut will be carried out without the intervention of a cutter.

In the case when the diameter of the cut pipes is more than half the difference in the initial diameter A.D. and pressure washer, i.e.

ztr

d0 - (drp.gj +2 A)

trimming with fixed tubes continues until the pressure roller 23 meets the tubes 50, which corresponds to the advancement of A.D. to a depth h, after which the cutting is stopped, the ring 24 shunts the sensor 25 and the electric drive 47 is turned on. Next, the cutting is carried out by turning the pipes. .

This diagram is shown in Fig. 8, but for simplicity, cutting one pipe instead of two is considered.

It should be noted that the use of abrasive disks for cutting such pipes is not advisable due to the rapid wear of the tool, which is not economically justified.

Thus, the proposed machine allows to increase productivity when cutting pipes.

Claims (2)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 51. Abrasive cutting machine comprising a bed, swinging on the axis of a frame with a tool head spindle, placed on the same axis, a two-arm tracking arm with a drive, an electrical circuit 0 control, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity, it is equipped with cylindrical supports located on the bed parallel to the axis of the tool head, placed 5 on them. a semi-cylindrical base with three longitudinal rolls, a rotational drive connected to the middle roll, three electrically insulated disks with conical generators fixed to the base end coaxially with the corresponding rolls, four pressure rollers, the first of which is mounted on the end of the follower lever, the second, made with a recess along the generatrix and having a diameter equal to the first, on the spindle of the tool head, placed in the recess with a ring, a tool wear sensor located with interaction with the ring and 0 electrically connected to the roll rotation drive, a lever with a rotation mechanism fixed to the lever end of the beam, electrically connected to the control circuit, while the third and fourth pinch rollers are mounted on the beam in a plane passing through the plane of the conical disks, and the first and second rollers are located at the same distance from the swing axis of the frame. 02. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an arm located on the base and installed with the possibility of interaction with it by thrust screws located on the side.