RU1794969C - Device for measuring rail track gauge - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in devices for measuring the track gauge of rail tracks in travel measuring carts and wagons. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: in a device for a core arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a vehicle, their pole tips facing the inner side faces of the heads of one and the other rail. 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to devices for measuring the track gauge of a rail track and can be used in track gauges and wagons.

Track measuring trolleys are known whose wheels can change their position depending on the gauge and transmit these deviations to the recording unit.

The disadvantage of these devices is their low accuracy and low measurement speed.

A device for contactless measuring the gauge adopted for the prototype is known.

The advantage of this device is a higher measurement speed, since the measurement is carried out without direct contact of the width sensor with the rails.

The disadvantages of this device include the practical impossibility of measuring the gauge with the required accuracy, since the device uses the dependence of the magnetic flux on the position of the gauge of the gauge above the rail head.

The description of the known device indicates that the maximum measurement accuracy is obtained when the width of the rail head and the inductor are equal.

However, even new rails, depending on the type, have different head widths, and the heads of rails that are in operation are even more varied in width due to wear, riveting, etc. Even in the same cross section, the rail heads can have different widths, for example, in crooked areas.

In addition, the accuracy of measuring the gauge with this device depends on the clearance between the top of the rail head and the inductor. When measuring the track width in motion, vertical oscillations of the crew to which the device is attached are inevitable. These vibrations will change the magnetic flux in the same way as measuring the gauge.

The purpose of the invention is to improve measurement accuracy.

The goal is achieved in that a device for measuring the gauge of the track., Containing mounted on the vehicle, an inductor that interacts with the rails, core X

2

Yu Oh

h

which is located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and faces with pole pieces towards the rail, and on the core are an excitation coil connected to a power source, and one of the feedback coils that are connected to the recorder is a device. provided with an additional core and another excitation coil placed thereon,

connected in series with the first, the second feedback coil placed on an additional core and connected to the first one in series, and the cores are parallel to each other in the same horizontal plane between the rails inside the rail track and their pole tips face the inner side faces m heads of one and the other rail.

On the. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for measuring a track gauge of a rail track (top view); figure 2

- position of the inductor relative to the rails (front view).

The device for measuring the track gauge consists of two cores 1, 2, on which excitation coils 3, 4 are placed, connected to an alternating current source 5. Excitation coils 3, 4 are connected so that the pole tips of the cores 1, 2 at one of the heads the rails were unlike, On the cores 1, 2 there are also feedback coils 6, 7 connected through an amplifier 8 to the recorder 9.

The pole tips of the cores 1, 2 are placed inside the rail track at the rail heads 10, 11 with a minimum clearance that excludes the contact of the poles of the rail heads 10.11 with a narrowed track as much as possible.The height of the pole tips of the cores 1, 2 is less than the height of the bare rail 10.11.

A device for measuring the track gauge of a rail track operates as follows:

As electric current passes through the excitation coils 3, 4, magnetic flux occurs in the cores 1, 2. Since the direction of magnetic flux in the cores 1, 2 is opposite to each other, a magnetic circuit is formed including cores 1, 2, rails 10, 11 and gaps between the rails 10, 11 and the poles of the cores 1,2.

From a course in physics it is known that magnetic flux and magnetic circuit parameters are related; addiction

about 0 .4 NM1

tt + Wfr +:

57 "+ 5T / Ј + -sf Ы + 37 Ы

0

5

0

5

0

5

0

5

0

5

fi fe is the length of the cores 1, 2 (cm);

Si; 82 - magnetic flux areas in the cores (cm2);

B: & I is the path length of the magnetic flux in the rails (cm);

5h; S4 - magnetic flux area in rails (cm2);

fi is the magnetic permeability of the core materials;

iz is the magnetic permeability of the rail material;

tafaWa - the gap between the pole of the cores and the rail heads (cm),

Ss.Se.Sy-Ss - magnetic flux areas in the gaps (cm); (., Is the number Pi (3.1416 ...);

N is the number of turns of the excitation coils 3.4;

- current strength in the excitation coils (A);

Due to the presence of two cores 1, 2, the magnetic circuit is closed. In this case, the area of the magnetic flux is almost equal to the area of the end face of the pole piece.

It can be seen from formula (1) that all its terms, except for the gaps, are constants. , Given this position and the equality of the areas of the ends of the cores, the formula (1) takes the form

0.4L I

f

U +

, 2 G + -§ (2)

Zn / L SPjM2

where SH is the magnetic flux area in the cores of 1.2,

5p - the same in rails,

S is the area of the end face of the pole piece,

And - the sum of the gaps between the rail head, and the ends of the core.

From formula (2) it can be seen that the magnitude of the magnetic flux depends on the sum of the gaps. Therefore, the transverse vibrations of the inductor inside the track do not change the magnitude of the magnetic flux, since the sum of the gaps does not change, but a change in the gauge changes the sum of the gaps, and therefore the magnetic flux. A change in the magnetic flux in the cores 1, 2 leads to a change in the parameters of the induction current in the feedback coils 6, 7. These changes are amplified by the amplifier 8 and recorded by the recorder 9.

Formally, from formula (2) it follows that for the meter to work, one core is sufficient, but with an open magnetic

the end effect is enhanced, as a result of which the cross-sectional area of the magnetic flux in the gap will depend on the size of the gap, which will significantly reduce the measurement accuracy. Since the height of the poles of the cores is less than the height of the rail head, the proposed device allows the inductor to oscillate in a vertical plane within an amplitude less than the height difference between the rail head and the pole.

The use of the device of the proposed design increases the accuracy and speed of measurement, which makes it acceptable to use both in track trolleys and track cars,

0

moreover, the measurement speed practically does not affect the accuracy.

In addition, the proposed device for measuring the rail gauge has a simpler design, which reduces its cost and simplifies operation, since it lacks an electric motor, blocks, rheostats with moving contacts and other moving parts that are available in the prototype. The light weight of the inductor and its rigid attachment to the crew allow it to be attached to the unsprung part of the crew, which significantly reduces the amplitude of oscillations in the vertical plane, and the absence of moving gears increases the measurement accuracy due to the absence of backlash.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A device for measuring a track gauge of a rail track comprising an inductor mounted on a vehicle and interacting with rails, the core of which is located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and turned with pole pieces towards the rail, and excitation coils are located on the core and connected to a power source, and one of the feedback coils that are associated with the recorder, different in order to increase accuracy, it is equipped with an additional core and another excitation coil placed on it, connected in series with the first one, the second feedback coil placed on the additional core and connected to the first one in series, and the cores are parallel to each other in one horizontal plane between the rails inside the rail track and their pole tips face the inner side faces of the heads of one and the other rail. FIG 1  z A JL FIG. 2