RU1792303C - Method of preparing powder of vegetable raw materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: food and pharmaceutical industry. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the method includes supplying raw materials, mechanical grinding, drying in a stream of coolant, and isolating the finished product. After mechanical grinding, the Raw Material undergoes swelling 1 | Uyu | 11yZhnoj7 camera at the same time for 6 s;: before the first drying at 75-150 ° C. Drying is carried out in a fluidized bed with a cffopocfti coolant of 15-20 m / s. The temperature of the coolant in boiling point is between 75-98 ° C. Nitrogen is used as a heat transfer agent. The heat transfer medium; bhhh, 10h, re-grind and return to the drying stage. 2 I zpp-fs, 1 silt, 1 tablet,.;

Description

&

e

The invention relates to the production of vegetable powders that can be used in food, pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. A method is known for producing vegetable and fruit powders by preheating the feedstock to a temperature of 70-80 ° C, spray drying in a stream coolant, transporting the dried fractions through a cyclone and recirculation loop, cooling, unloading and packaging.

The disadvantages of the known method are that the exhaust gases enter the medium, and the possibilities of the method are limited by the processed raw materials.

Closest to the invention is a method for producing powders from raw materials of plant origin, for example

from waste potatoes and vegetables, including the supply of raw materials; it is grinded into shavings, mechanical dehydration at a pressure of 1.5-10.0 MPa to a moisture content of 67-86%, drying in a teplon flow of the Te / TiMri axis 200-800 ° C to a moisture content of 12-14%. separation of the finished product with the release of waste coolant discharged into the atmosphere. The dried mass is ground into flour in a hammer mill. The degree of grinding is controlled by 3 interchangeable grids with a diameter of 4.6.8 mm.

Xj

Ju 0

with about

With

CA)

The disadvantages of the known method are that the waste heat is; The solvent is released into the air, pollution / environment, and the product is not of high enough quality.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the product.

This is achieved by a method of producing powders from plant-based raw materials, including feeding the raw materials, mechanical grinding, drying in a heat carrier stream, isolating the finished product, and after mechanical grinding, the raw materials are expanded in a drying chamber simultaneously with preliminary drying at a temperature of 75- and drying is carried out in boiling e: one-third the speed of the coolant is 15-20 m / s; the temperature of the fluid in the fluidized bed is 75-98 ° C; Nitrogen is used as a heat carrier, and the heat carrier after cleaning and regeneration is returned to the drying stage.

In the proposed method, fodder, herbs, potatoes, beets, carrots, cabbage and their waste are used as raw materials for obtaining vegetable powders.

Potatoes, vegetables and their waste are prepared for processing by washing in a washing machine.

An inert gas, nitrogen, is used as a heat carrier.

The drawing shows an installation diagram for implementing the method.

The installation comprises a loading device 1, a drying chamber 2, a cyclone precipitator 3, a discharge device 4, a filter 5, a condenser 6, a heater 7, a storage tank 8, a fan 9, a discharge ramp 10.

The proposed method is carried out according to the following technology.

Vegetable raw materials (alfalfa, clover, potatoes, carrots, beets, beans) are poured into the loading device 1 and fed into the drying chamber 2, mechanically crushed under a heat carrier pressure of 0.03-0.05 atm to obtain particles with a length of 5-10 mm; 5-8 mm wide.

In the drying chamber, the crushed particles are expanded due to the pressure difference generated by feeding the raw material and grinding it with simultaneous preliminary drying at a temperature of 75-150 ° C for .10-15 sec., While the particles are crushed to a length of 2-5 mm and widths 1-3 mm. And then the particles move to the center of the torch-nitrogen fluid flow stream, which is supplied at a speed of 15-20 m / s and a temperature of 75-98 ° C, heat exchange occurs between the moving medium of hot nitrogen and the bulk particles of plant material in a continuously pulsating fluidized bed. where there is intensive evaporation of residual moisture from the free surface of the particles and heat exchange occurs between the moving medium of hot nitrogen and bulk particles of plant material in a continuous pulse;

fluidized bed, where there is intensive evaporation of residual moisture from the free surface of the particles.

Loose particles of plant material,

moving in a coolant flow, the lifting force of which is greater than the total mass of particles supplied to the center of the flow plume, mix with it, dry to a moisture content of 12-14%, acquire windage and at a speed of 15-18 m / s in a nitrogen flow through an unloading device 4 is removed from drying chamber 2, returning the heavy particles to dryness.

Humidified coolant with

5 the product of drying (vegetable powder) is pumped into the cyclone precipitator 3, where the vegetable powder and heat carrier are separated. The separated heat carrier is cleaned in filter 5 and sent with a temperature of 750 80 ° C and an absolute humidity of 28-30 g / m3 for cooling to a condenser 6 with simultaneous condensation of moisture to a dew point of + 40 ° C and an absolute humidity of 5-10 g / m3. Then, the dried heat carrier is dried5 in the heater 7 and sent to the buffer storage tank 8, and the fan 9 is fed into the drying chamber 2.

To compensate for the loss of coolant, the system is fed with pure nitrogen through a discharge ramp 10, which is connected to the storage tank 8. The cycle is repeated many times.

The proposed method is a continuous process where the regeneration of nitrogen 5 of the coolant and its return to the drying process proceeds in a closed loop and is a waste-free technology.

A closed coolant supply cycle is provided according to the proposed scheme, with

In this case, pure nitrogen is supplied only to compensate for losses arising from natural entrainment with the obtained powder and through technological transitions.

Example 1. Sliced potatoes (waste) are continuously fed to the drying chamber 2 through the loading device 1, squeezed at 10 atm and chopped with a knife under pressure of a nitrogen coolant equal to 0.05 atm. Get particles 5-7 long

0 mm, a width of 5-6 mm, The crushed particles are subjected to expansion due to the pressure difference during feeding and during grinding and at the same time dried at a temperature of 75 ° C for 10 seconds, while the particles

5 are ground to a length of 3-5 mm, a width of 2-3 mm. Then, dried to a moisture content of 50-60%, the loose particles of potatoes are dried in a pulsating fluidized bed at a feed rate of the coolant-nitrogen equal to 20 m / s and a temperature of 75 ° C for 15 minutes.

The particles are mixed with nitrogen, dried to a moisture content of 12-14%. They acquire windage and together with nitrogen at a speed of 18 m / s in a stream of nitrogen are removed through a discharge device 4 in precipitating cyclone 3 and the finished powder is discharged with a moisture content of 14%. The separated heat carrier is cleaned in filter 5 and sent with a temperature of 75-80 ° С and with an absolute humidity of 28-30 r / m3 for cooling to a condenser 6 with simultaneous condensation of moisture to a dew point of + 40 ° С and an absolute humidity of 5-10 g / m3. The dried coolant is dried in the heater 7, fed to the storage tank 8 and returned to the drying chamber by the fan 9, and the system is fed with pure nitrogen through the discharge ramp 10.

PRI me R 2. Sliced carrots are continuously fed into the drying chamber 2 through the loading device 2, squeezed at 7 atm and chopped with a knife under the pressure of the coolant-nitrogen equal to 0.04 atm. Particles are obtained with a length of 8-10 mm, a width of 5-6 mm. The crushed particles are expanded due to the pressure difference during feeding and grinding, and are simultaneously dried at a temperature of 150 ° C for 5 seconds, while the particles are crushed to a length of 3-4 mm, a width of 2-3 mm. Then, dried to a moisture content of 50-60%, the bulk particles of carrots are dried in a pulsating fluidized bed at a flow rate of coolant-nitrogen equal to 17 m / s and a temperature of 86 ° C for 12 minutes. The particles are mixed with nitrogen; dried to a moisture content of 12-14%. They acquire windage and, together with nitrogen, are removed at a speed of 16 m / s in a stream of nitrogen through a discharge device 4 into cyclone precipitator 3 and the finished powder is discharged with a moisture content of 14%. The separated coolant is regenerated and returned to the process according to example 1.

Example 3. Feed grass clover is continuously fed into the drying chamber 2 through the loading device 1, squeezed at 3 atm and chopped with a knife under a pressure of a nitrogen coolant equal to 0.03 atm. Particles are obtained with a length of 6-10 mm and a width of 2-3 mm. The crushed particles are expanded due to the pressure difference during feeding and grinding, and at the same time they are dried at a temperature of 112 ° C for 7 seconds, while the particles are crushed to a length of 2-3 mm, a width of 1-2 mm. Then, dried to a moisture content of 50-60%, loose particles of clover are dried in a pulsating fluidized bed at a flow rate of coolant-nitrogen equal to 15

m / s and a temperature of 98 ° C for 10 minutes. The particles are mixed with nitrogen, dried to a moisture content of 12-14%. They acquire windage and, together with nitrogen at a speed of 15 m / s, are removed in a stream of nitrogen through a discharge device 4 into cyclone precipitator 3 and the finished powder is discharged with a moisture content of 12%. The separated coolant-nitrogen is regenerated and returned to the factory.

0sky process according to example 1.

Example 6 (prototype). Washed potatoes and waste are crushed on KPI-4 into chips with a particle size of 1-5 mm thick and mechanically dehydrated on presses

Type 5 VPO under a pressure of 5 MPa to a moisture content of 70%.

The resulting mass of friable consistency is dried in a drying drum ABM-0.65 with a heat carrier - exhaust gases

0 with a temperature of 200-800 ° C. As moisture evaporates, the temperature of the coolant is reduced to 100-110 ° C. ,:. When the drum rotates, the potato mass under the action of the heat carrier flow

5 move to the place of unloading. Dry potatoes are obtained with a moisture content of 12-14%. Then, in a cyclone, dry potatoes are separated from the coolant and the coolant with a temperature of 110-130 ° C is released into the atmosphere. Dry

0 the potatoes are crushed into flour in a hammer-type crusher and then the topic of recusal comes.

Quality indicators of finished plant powders are given in the table.

5 The proposed method can significantly replenish feed balance by creating a continuous technology. improve environmental protection, ensure environmentally friendly production

0 processing by creating a closed cycle of supply of coolant, while improving the quality of the resulting product.

45

Claims (3)

The claims 1. A method of producing powders from raw materials of plant origin, including the supply of raw materials, mechanical grinding, drying in a coolant stream, 0 isolation of the finished product, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the product, after mechanical grinding, the birbye is blown up in a dry chamber simultaneously with a preliminary 5 drying at 75-150 ° C, and drying is carried out in a fluidized bed at a speed of thermal grade ETB З О m / s. 2. The method according to claim 1, with the exception that the temperature of the coolant in the fluidized bed is 75-98 ° C. 3. The method for PI. Differs in that which is in; tShlSh6 syutelM use nitrogen, Nri Shch yoptShbsytl l after eye Quality indicators of finished vegetable poroski sewage and regeneration return to the drying stage.