RU178798U1 - SEEDER FOR ROW SEEDING TOBACCO SEEDS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and is intended for sowing tobacco seeds in hotbeds. To simplify the device to ensure constant pressure of the expiration of the working fluid in the seeder containing the bed 1, tank 2 with a mixer, distributor, sowing pipe, drive and device for constant pressure the flow of the working fluid, according to the utility model, the device for providing constant pressure of the flow of the working fluid is made in the form of a sealed tank 2 with a cover 3, into which Lena is open at both ends of the tube 9, one end immersed in the liquid, and the other communicating with the atmosphere, and the tube 9 is installed with the possibility of adjusting the vertical height to vary the rate of fluid outflow.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to agricultural engineering and is intended for sowing tobacco seeds in greenhouses.

Known seeder for row seeding of seeds (patent for the invention No. 2530497, publ. 10.10.2014, bull. No. 28), consisting of a bed, tank with a mechanical stirrer, in which to ensure turbulent flow of fluid in the tank, the mechanical stirrer is equipped with a ring with blades mounted on it, made in the form of a spiral of Archimedes, and U-shaped closed elements, the angle of attack of the profile of the blades of which is at least 4 °, and the drive of the mechanical stirrer is in communication with the support wheel. The disadvantage is that turbulence provides better mixing of the seeds with water, but the device does not provide a constant pressure, and therefore a uniform velocity of the fluid with the seeds, which leads to uneven sowing.

Known seeder for row seeding of tobacco seeds (patent for utility model No. 66655, publ. 09/27/2007, prototype), consisting of a bed, a tank with agitators, a distributor and a sowing pipe, equipped with a device to ensure constant hydrostatic pressure of the working fluid, consisting from the mechanism of raising the tank, connected by a system of levers with a float located in the tank on the surface of the working fluid.

The disadvantage of this seeder is the complexity of the device of the mechanism for raising the tank, which reduces the reliability of its operation and the inability to vary the rate of flow of the working fluid.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to simplify the device to provide a constant pressure of the expiration of the working fluid and expand the functionality in terms of varying the speed of the expiration of the working fluid.

The technical result is achieved in that in a seeder containing a bed, a tank with an agitator, a distributor, a sowing tube, a drive and a device for providing constant pressure for the expiration of the working fluid, according to a utility model, the device for ensuring constant pressure for the expiration of the working fluid is made in the form of a sealed tank with a cover into which a tube is opened that is open at both ends, immersed in liquid at one end and communicating with the other at the other, and the tube is mounted with height adjustment about the vertical to vary the rate of fluid efflux.

The novelty of the proposed utility model is due to the fact that the design of the device for providing pressure is greatly simplified by reducing the number of mechanical gears and the absence of a lifting mechanism, which significantly increases the reliability of its operation, in addition, due to the hermetic tank with the tube, the water pressure is influenced, which affects the flow rate liquids. The pressure depends on the height of the layer H between the lower end of the tube immersed in the liquid and the outlet of the tank, and its adjustment is made by moving the tube in height.

In the proposed utility model, in order to ensure a constant flow of working fluid (water with seedlings of seedlings), the principle used in the construction of a Marriott vessel, which makes it possible to achieve a uniform flow of a liquid stream due to constant pressure, was invented by the French physicist of the 17th century Edmé Marriott (V.A. Aleshkevich et al. Continuum mechanics / Publishing house of the Physics faculty of Moscow State University, 1998). The Marriott vessel consists of a hermetically sealed tank, with a tube built in and immersed in liquid, one end of which is connected to the atmosphere, the other is at a certain height from the drain pipe located at the bottom of the tank. The difference in height between the lower end of the tube and the drain pipe is N. When you open the tap of the drain pipe under atmospheric pressure, water is first poured from the pipe, the liquid level inside it drops to the end of the pipe. With further leakage, the water level in the tank drops and the outside air enters through the tube, it seeps in bubbles through the water and collects above it in the upper part of the tank. Now, at all levels in the upper part of the tank, the pressure is atmospheric. So, water from the drain pipe flows out only under the pressure of the water layer N, because the pressure of the atmosphere from the inside and outside of the tank is balanced. And since the thickness of the layer H remains constant, then the flow rate of the liquid is constant. In this case, the pressure at the lower end of this tube, regardless of the change in the water level in the tank, will remain equal to atmospheric pressure, and the water will pour out at a constant speed until its level in the vessel drops to the lower end of the tube. The fluid flow rate is determined by the Torricelli formula

,

,

- ускорение свободного падения;Where

- acceleration of gravity;

H is the distance between the lower end of the tube and the drain pipe.

In FIG. 1 shows a seeder for row seeding of tobacco seeds, FIG. 2 shows a graph of the dependence of the flow rate of the working fluid on the height H of the location of the lower end of the tube on the tank drain hole.

The seeder contains a bed 1, a tank 2 for a working fluid, representing a mixture of water with seeds, having an airtight cover 3, an agitator 4 in the form of a shaft with blades, an outlet in the lower part of the tank 5, a distributor 6 for supplying the working fluid, a seed tube 7 with holes for sowing seeds, a drive 8 and a device for providing a constant pressure of the outflow of the working fluid with the possibility of varying the speed of its outflow, made in the form of a sealed tank 2 with a cover 3 into which the tube 9 is open, open at both ends, one end immersed in a liquid and the other - to the atmosphere, wherein the tube is mounted for height adjustment on the vertical. Tank 2 with a lid 3 is a hermetically sealed container (Mariotte vessel), providing a uniform flow of liquid from it at a speed depending on the pressure created by the water layer H between the lower end of the tube 9 immersed in the liquid and the outlet 5 of the tank 2.

A seeder for row planting of tobacco seeds works as follows. A working fluid from a mixture of water and seeds is poured into the tank 2 of the seeder, then by adjusting the height H vertically of the tube 9, the necessary flow rate of the working fluid through the distributor 6, necessary for sowing, is selected. The sowing tube 7 is installed in a working position above the soil surface, by means of a drive 8 a mixer 4 is turned on, which keeps the seeds in suspension, forming a working fluid. During the movement of the seeder, the seeds, which are suspended in water, from the tank 2, through the drain hole 5 and the distributor 6 fall into the sowing pipe 7 and when the working fluid flows out through the openings of the sowing pipe fall into the soil. The seeding rate is regulated by the rate of fluid outflow by moving the tube 9 vertically and the speed of movement of the seeder.

The flow rate of the working fluid at constant hydraulic pressure is equal to:

where R _resp - the radius of the sowing hole, m;

n _holes - the number of the sowing openings.

According to the formula, a graph of the dependence of the flow rate of the working fluid on the height H of the location of the lower end of the tube on the drain hole of the tank is constructed, FIG. 2

A tube connected to the atmosphere in a sealed tank ensures uniform flow of the working fluid at constant pressure with an adjustable speed.

Tests of the proposed seeder showed positive results.

Claims (1)

A seeder for row seeding of tobacco seeds containing a bed, a tank with a stirrer, a distributor, a sowing pipe, a drive and a device for providing constant pressure of the expiration of the working fluid, characterized in that the device for ensuring a constant pressure of the expiration of the working fluid is made in the form of a sealed tank with a lid, into which a tube is opened that is open at both ends and immersed in liquid at one end and communicating with the other at the other end, and the tube is vertically adjustable potassium to vary the rate of fluid flow.

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